为城市居民提供休养生息的场所,是城市最基本的功能区.城市中最为广泛的土地利用方式就是住宅用地.一般住宅区占据城市空间的40%—60%。(阅读图2.3)请同学讲解高级住宅区与低级住宅区的差别(学生答)(教师总结)(教师讲解)另外还有行政区、文化区等。而在中小城市,这些部门占地面积很小,或者布局分散,形成不了相应的功能 区。(教师提问)我们把城市功能区分了好几种,比如说住宅区,是不是土地都是被居住地占据呢?是不是就没有其他的功能了呢?(学生回答)不是(教师总结)不是的。我们说的住宅区只是在占地面积上,它是占绝大多数,但还是有土地是被其它功能占据的,比如说住宅区里的商店、绿化等也要占据一定的土地, 只是占的比例比较小而已。下面请看书上的活动题。
1、有利于维护国家的统一和安全民族区域自治以领土完整、国家统一为前提和基础,是国家集中统一领导与民族区域自治的有机结合。增强了中华民族的凝聚力,使各族人民特别是少数民族人民把热爱民族与热爱祖国的感情结合起来,自觉担负起捍卫祖国统一、保卫边疆的光荣职责。2、有利于保障少数民族人民当家作主的权利民族自治地方充分享有自治权利。自主管理本地内部事务,满足了少数民族人民积极参加国家政治生活的愿望。3、有利于发展平等、团结、互助的社会主义新型民族关系民族自治地方以一个或几个少数民族为主体,同时包括当地居住的汉族和其他少数民族,各族人民和各族干部之间联系更加密切,逐步消除了历史上遗留下来的民族隔阂。4、有利于促进社会主义现代化事业的发展自治机关能够结合本民族、本地区特点,把少数民族的特殊利益与国家的整体利益协调起来,充分发挥各自的特长和优势,调动各族人民参加国家建设的积极性、创造性。
一、教材分析普通高中思想政治课程标准及浙江省普通高中新课程实验学科教学指导意见对本课时内容做了如下规定:基本要求:知道我国是统一的多民族国家;理解我国处理民族关系的三项基本原则及其相互关系;懂得处理民族关系的重要性,自觉履行维护国家统一和民族团结的义务。发展要求:联系国内外的具体事例,加深理解我国处理民族关系的基本原则的重要性。本框题有如下内容不作拓展:我们伟大的祖国是各族人民共同缔造的;我国新型民族关系的形成;实施西部大开发战略对加快民族自治地方的经济和社会发展的意义;我国能够真正建立新型民族的原因。《处理民族关系的原则:平等、团结、共同繁荣》是高一《政治生活》第三单元第七课内容,本课内容由三目构成,第一目:雪域高原的历史性跨越,第二目:我国处理民族关系的基本原则,第三目:巩固社会主义民族关系,我们该做什么,能做什么。
(分析:北京的商业中心分布和变化大致分三个阶段:钟鼓楼市场、三足鼎立格局形成、环路沿线商业中心出现。相对应的交通变化,钟鼓楼市场衰退与大运河运输地位衰落、运输方式的变化密切相关,后两个阶段与城市交通干线形态变化紧密联系)。〔承转〕商业中心的发展是随着交通的发展而变化的,集镇也是在交通要道上发展起来 的。(3)对集镇发展的影响〔举例说明〕陕西省勉县的长林镇,过去地处汉中经褒河去甘肃、四川的必经之路,来往客商众多,商业十分繁荣。后来由于改线,集镇逐渐衰落,至今连定期的集市贸易都没有了,完全退化为单纯的居民点。以及运河沿线城镇如山东等的兴衰,亦可说明交通线的改变对聚落的影响。〔总结〕交通线路的改变常会引起集镇的繁荣或衰落。
教学目标1.知识与技能目标:结合实例理解影响工业区位选择的因素。联系实际理解工业区位的发展变化。理解环境对工业区位的影响。2.过程与方法目标:利用图表,分析影响 工业区位,培养学生应用基础知识及读图分析能力。了解本地工业发展情况,培养学生的分析能力。3.情感态度价值观:通过对工业区位因素的学习,激发学生探究地理问题的兴趣。由环境对工业区位选择的影响,培养学生的环保意识,树立工业发展必须走可持续发展之路的思想。教学重点1影响工业区位的主要因素;2.运用工业区选择的基本原理对工厂进行合理的区位选择。教学难点 判断影响某个工厂区位的主导因素及其合理布局。教学方法 案例分析法、对比分析法、读图分析法、探究法教学用具 多媒体课件,图表及补充材料课堂类型
1.了解我国城市等级划分的标准,知道不同国家和地区城市等级划分的标准是不同的。2.了解不同的城市等级其城市地域结构不同,提供的服务种类和服务范围是不同的。联系城市地域结构的有关理论,说明不同规模城市服务功能的差异。3.了解不同等级城市服务范围的嵌套理论,了解不同等级城市空间分布特点。教学重点:1.了解我国城市等级划分的标准2.了解不同的城市等级其城市地域结构不同,提供的服务种类和服务范围是不同的。教学难点::不同等级城市服务范围的嵌套理论教具准备:多媒体教学方法:比较分析法、图示法、讲述法、列表对比法教学过程:第一课时导入新课:我们生活在不同的城市,如广州、佛山、西樵等,我们知道,这些城市有大小之分,也就是说城市等级是是不同的,那么城市的等级是如何划分的呢?不同等级城市的服务功能如何呢?这就是我们今天要探讨的第二节
教学重点:1.比较分析地理环境差异对区域发展的影响2.分析区域不同发展阶段地理环境的影响教学难点:1.区域的特征2.以两个区域为例,比较分析地理环境差异对区域发展的影响教具准备:有关挂图等、自制图表等教学方法:比较法、案例分析法、图示法等教学过程:一、区域1.概念:区域是地球表面的空间单位,它是人们在地理差异的基础上,按一定的指标和方法划分出来的。2.特征:(1)区域具有一定的区位特征:不同的区域,自然环境有差异,人类活动也有差异。同一区域,区域内部的特定性质相对一致,如湿润区的多年平均降水量都在800毫米以上。但自然环境对人类活动的影响随着其他条件的变化而不同。(2)具有一定的面积、形状和边界。①有的区域的边界是明 确的,如行政区;②有的区域的边界具有过渡性质,如干湿地区。
从国际法角度看,国际社会的每一个主权国家应该是一律平等的,但是,在现实的国际关系中,每个国家的国际地位、国际影响力,历来都是由国家力量决定的。国家力量发生变化,也会引起国际关系的变化。经济、科技落后,军力不强,国内政局不安,它的国际影响力、参与力就不强。正因为如此,某些发达国家往往以其强大的国家力量为后盾,推行霸权主义、强权政治。二、维护我国的国家利益教师活动:阅读教材第100页内容,思考讨论为什么要维护我国的国家利益?我国的国家利益包括哪些内容?学生活动:认真思考并积极讨论,踊跃发言1、原因我国是人民当家作主的社会主义国家,国家利益与人民的根本利益相一致。维护我国的国家利益就是维护广大人民的根本利益,具有正当性和正义性。2、内容我国国家利益的主要内容包括:安全利益,如国家的统一、独立、主权和领土完整;政治利益,如我国政治、经济、文化等制度的巩固;经济利益,如我国资源利用的效益、经济活动的利益和国家物质基础的增强等。
(2)修建通向西藏的铁路,要克服哪些自然障碍?①冻土的季节冻融作用使路基不稳固,也使修路技术难度大,成本高②生态脆弱,植被破坏后难以修复③高原缺氧,使施工困难④广布的荒漠,多山的地形都使建设难度加大(3)结合初中所学知识分析,未来穿行于青藏高原铁路运输线上的货车中主要运输的货物有哪些?以盐湖中矿物为原料的化工产品,有色金属及其加工产品,畜产品及外省运入的各种工业品等。【总结新课】交通运输网的基本要素包括:交通线(铁路、公路、航道、管道)和交通点(港口、车站、航空港);运输网有单一和综合运输网二种形式。分国家级、省级和大区级三个层次。交通运输网的点线布局受经济、社会、技术和自然等因素的影响。【课后作业】:完成高一地理第二册填图册 第五章第一节
【教学重点】1.利用农业区位因素分析的方法,学习水稻种植业和商品谷物农业的特点;2.对比水稻种植业和商品谷物农业两种农业生产地域类型,理解在农业地域类型形成的过程中,各个农业区位因素对其发展的影响。【教学难点】1.学习农业区位因素分析的方法,分析形成农业地域类型的主导因素;2.结合文字资料与图示资料的阅读,初步掌握提取地理信息的基本方法。【教学方法】自主探究与讲议结合【教学课时】1课时【教学过程】(导入新课)同学们,通过前面一节课的学习,我们已经树立了农业区位因素的基本理论,并且有了农业地域类型的一些基本认识,学习了种植业和畜牧业兼有的澳大利亚的混合农业,这一节我们继续学习两种以种 植业为主的农业地域类型——季风水田农业和商品谷物农业。
二、学情分析:学生目前对形变和弹力有一定的感性认识但是不够深入;知道支持力、压力都是弹力,但是不能够概括产生的原因。理性思维还没有达到一定的层次,要想理解弹力这一抽象概念还有一定困难。因此我采取引导、启发的教学方式。
4.That was an experience that frightened everyone. →That was _____________________. 答案:1. taking 2. being discussed 3. in the reading room 4. a frightening experienceStep 6 The meaning and function of V-ing as the predicative动词-ing形式作表语,它通常位于系动词后面,用以说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”一种表示主语的特质、特征和状态, 其作用相当于形容词; 另一种具体说明主语的内容, 即主语等同于表语, 两者可互换。The music they are playing sounds so exciting. 他们演奏的音乐听起来令人激动。The result is disappointing. 结果令人失望。Our job is playing all kinds of music. 我们的工作就是演奏各种音乐。Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。Step 7 Practice1. It is ________(amaze) that the boy is able to solve the problem so quickly.2. Buying a car is simply _______(waste) money. 3. Please stop making the noise—it’s getting ________(annoy). 4. complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form.La Tomatina is a festival that takes place in the Spanish town Bunol every August. I think many food festivals are __________ because people are just eating. however, this festival is _________ because people don't actually eat the tomatoes. Instead, they throw them at each other! the number of people ________ part in this tomato fight, can reach up to 20,000, and it is a very __________ fight that lasts for a whole hour. The _______ thing is how clean Bunol is after the tomatoes are washed away after the fight. this is because the juice form tomatoes is really good for making surfaces clean!答案:1. amazing 2. wasting 3. annoying4. boring interesting taking exciting amazing
The theme of this section is “Talk about festival activities and festival experiences”.Festival and holiday is a relaxing and interesting topic for students. This part talks about the topic from the daily life of students’. In the part A ---Listening and Speaking, there are three conversations among different speakers from three countries(Japan, Rio and China), where the speakers are participating in or going to participate in the festivals and celebrations. So listening for the relationship among them is a fundamental task. Actually, with the globalization and more international communication, it is normal for Chinese or foreigners to witness different festivals and celebrations in or out of China. In the Conversation 1, a foreign reporter is interviewing a Japanese young girl who just had participated in the ceremony of the Coming-of-Age Day on the street and asking her feeling about the ceremony and the afterwards activities. Conversation 2, Chinese girl Li Mei is witnessing the Rio Carnival for the first time, and her friend Carla gives her some advice on the costumes which enables her to match with the carnival to have a good time. Conversation 3, a Chinese guide is showing a group of foreign visitors around the Lantern Festival and introducing the customs of the festival to them. The three conversations have a strong vitality and insert the festival and cultural elements from different countries. So perceiving the festivals and cultures from different countries is the second task. At the same time, the scripts also insert the targeted grammar --- v-ing as attributive and predicative, which students can perceive and experience in a real context and make a road for the further study. That is the third task. In the Part B--- Listening and Talking, the theme is “Talk about festival experience”, which is the common topic in our daily conversations. During the conversation, Song Lin, a Chinese student, asked Canadian friend Max about how to spend Christmas. In the conversation, Song Lin talked about experience and the feelings during the Chinese Spring Festival, during which there are not only some enjoyable things but some unpleasant things. After the listening, perhaps students find there are some similarities between Christmas and the Chinese Spring Festival as there are some differences in the origins and celebrations. For example, people always visit friends and relatives, decorate their houses, have a big dinner together, chat and give presents to each other.
Step 3 Analyzing article structureActivity 31. Teachers raise questions to guide students to analyze the chapter structure of this diary and think about how to describe the festival experience. (1)What should be included in the opening/body/closing paragraph(s)?(2)How did the writer arrange his/her ideas?(3)What kind of interesting details did the writer describe?(4)How did the writer describe his/her feelings/emotions during the event?2. Students read and compare the three sentence patterns in activity 2. Try to rewrite the first paragraph of the diary with these three sentence patterns. After that, students exchange corrections with their partners. Such as:●This was my first time spending three days experiencing the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and it was an enjoyable and exciting experience. ●I'll never forget my experience at the Naadam Festival because it was my first time to watch the exciting Mongolian games of horse racing, wrestling, and archery so closely. ●I'll always remember my first experience at the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region because it was so amazing to spend three days witnessing a grand Mongolian ceremony. Step 4 Accumulation of statementsActivity 41. Ask the students to read the diary again. Look for sentences that express feelings and emotions, especially those with the -ing form and the past participle. Such as:● …horse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch. ● some amazing performances● I was surprised to see…● I was a little worried about. . . ● feeling really tiredOther emotional statements:●I absolutely enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favourite part. ●I'm finally back home now, feeling really tired, but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it. ●He invited me back for the winter to stay in a traditional Mongolian tent and cat hot pot. I can’t wait!2. In addition to the use of the -ing form and the past participle, the teacher should guide the students in the appreciation of these statements, ask them to memorize them, and encourage them to use them reasonably in writing practice.
The topic of this part is “Write about your festival experience”.During the Listening and Speaking and Talking, students are just asked to say out their festival experiences such as the Spring Festival, Mid-autumn Day, but this part students will be asked to write down their own festival experiences. During the reading part, it introduces the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which can give students a good example to imitate. Students not only learn the festival, but touch and feel the Inner Mongolian’s character, the spirit and cultural atmosphere, which can help students form the cultural awareness and learn to enjoy and value the diversity of Chinese culture.Concretely, the dairy tells the experience that the author spent the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with his/her friend. The structure is clear. In the opening paragraph, it introduces the topic of the Naadam Festival and the whole feeling. Then it introduces the items of the festival like the ceremony, wrestling and horse racing. Finally, it summarizes this experience. Because this part is a travel journal, we must guide students pay more attention to these details: 1. use the first person. 2. use the past tense to tell the past thing and use the present or future tense to describe the scenery. 3. use the timeline to tell the development. 4. be careful for the author’s psychology, emotion and feeling, etc.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information about Naadam Festival.2. Learn the structure of the reading article and language.3. Write an article about a festival experience4. Learn to use the psychology, emotions and feeling in the writing.1. Write an article about a festival experience.2. Use the structure of the reading article and language.
The topic of this part is “Discover the reasons for festivals and celebrations.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at talking about the experiences and feelings or emotions about the festivals and celebrations. This section aims at detecting the reason why the people celebrate the festivals, the time, the places, the types and the way of celebrations. It also explains why some traditions in the old celebrations are disappearing, like the firecrackers in the big cities and some new things are appearing like the prosperity of business or commerce. 1. Students can talk about what festivals they know and the reasons and the way of celebrating them.2. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.3. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them. 4. Students can have the international awareness about the festivals.1. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.2. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat festival do you like best ? Why ?I like the Spring Festivals because I can set off the fireworks, receive the lucky money and enjoy the Gala with my families.Step 2 Before reading---Pair workWhy do people celebrate different festivals ?The Spring Festivals is to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring and new life.The Mid-autumn Day is to celebrate the harvest and admire the moon.
4.They were going to find someone to take part in their bet when they saw Henry walking on the street outside.[归纳]1.过去将来时的基本构成和用法过去将来时由“would+动词原形”构成,主要表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作(尤其用于宾语从句中),还可以表示过去的动作习惯或倾向。Jeff knew he would be tired the next day.He promised that he would not open the letter until 2 o'clock.She said that she wouldn't do that again.2.表示过去将来时的其他表达法(1)was/were going to+动词原形:该结构有两个主要用法,一是表示过去的打算,二是表示在过去看来有迹象表明将要发生某事。I thought it was going to rain.(2)was/were to+动词原形:主要表示过去按计划或安排要做的事情。She said she was to get married next month.(3)was/were about to+动词原形:表示在过去看来即将要发生的动作,由于本身已含有“即将”的意味,所以不再与表示具体的将来时间状语连用。I was about to go to bed when the phone rang.(4)was/were+现在分词:表示在过去看来即将发生的动作,通常可用于该结构中的动词是come,go,leave,arrive,begin,start,stop,close,open,die,join,borrow,buy等瞬间动词。Jack said he was leaving tomorrow.
一、人类遗传病1.概念2.分类(1)单基因遗传病(2)多基因遗传病(3)染色体异常遗传病①原因②类型3遗传病的特点4.遗传病对人类的危害八、说布置作业在作业的布置中,我严格遵循“重质量、轻负担”的指导思想。第一题主要是为了帮助学生及时纠正原有的对知识的错误理解或片面认识,培养学生的解题技巧和技能。所以我选用了该题。同时想借助该题培养学生对问题的科学的思维方法和探究的精神。帮助学生提高对信息技术运用的熟练程度,发展学生的信息素养。附作业:1、连线题,请同学们连线指出下列遗传各属于何种类型?(1)苯丙酮尿病 A、单基因遗传病(2)21三体综合征(3)抗维生素D佝偻病 B、多基因遗传病(4)软骨发育不全(5)青少年型糖尿病 C、常染色体病2、以生物小组为单位进行人类遗传病的调查。
在学生活动的基础上,教师总结归纳:要坚持从群众中来到群众中去的工作方法。要求:政府要通过各种途径,利用各种群众组织、社会团体广泛收集群众意见和建议,认真对待群众的来信来访。还要为群众诚心诚意办实事,尽心竭力解难事,坚持不懈。通过合作探究,以此来培养学生的分析能力,探究能力以及透过现象看本质的能力,培养学生获取信息的能力,自主学习的能力以及全面看问题的能力,再结合教师的讲授,给学生一种茅塞顿开的感觉。环节四 回归生活 提升情感我将引导学生阅读课本,通过设置活动探究课,结合生活实际从时效,便利,实效等方面请学生评述公民求助或投诉的四种方式的特点和优点。在这一过程中,我还会用多媒体展示常用的热线电话,政府网站上有关信访、政务公开及其他便民利民的栏目,丰富课堂资源。让学生阅读课本,自行归纳知识点,有助于培养学生自主学习能力。
教学内容与分析本课内容是大众传媒的变迁,首先解题,了解什么是大众传媒。大众传媒就是传播大众信息的媒体,进入近代社会以来,人与人之间的联系变得越来越密切,社会化程度大大加深,需要有一种大众化、传播速度快、传播范围广的媒介作为人与人之间进行信息沟通的渠道,人类社会的传媒手段应运而生,可由学生总结出有哪些主要的方式。报刊、影视、广播,这三种大众传播媒体的依次出现,给人们的生活方式带来了巨大的变化,被称为三大媒介。由于互联网同报纸、广播和电视三大媒介一样,具有传播信息的功能,所以被称为“第四媒介”,即“网络媒介”。通过本节课的学习使学生了解中国近代社会生活的变化,体会历史和时代发展的必然性,能够站在发展的角度、用历史的眼光思考问题。