【参考范文】Narrator:(Henry is smiling as he leaves the restaurant. As he is walking down the street, he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to get it cut. )H=Henry;B=Barber;R=rude manH:Good afternoon, I'd like to get a cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry's hair and continues cutting another man's hair. )Er, I'd really like a haircut. As you can see it's much too long. B:(in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H:Fine, well I'll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber's chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B:It's quite expensive here, you know!Are you sure you can afford it?H:Yes. I think so. (In comes the rude man. )R:Hey you there. I need a haircut quickly. Can you do me straightaway?B:All right, then, get in the chair and I'll see what I can do. R:Thank you. (sits down in one of the barber's chairs)H:Excuse me, but I was here first. Aren't you going to do my hair first?B:This man's in a hurry. H:Well so am I!I insist that you cut my hair first. B:OK, but I'll have to be quick. This gentleman is waiting. H:Thank you. (They both become quiet. After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B:Why, Mr . . . (looks shocked)H:Adams. Henry Adams. I'm sorry, I don't have any change. R:You're that Mr Adams! Well,I'm glad I waited or I might never have known it was you. B:Why, Mr Adams, please don't worry!(wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about!Nothing at all!Please come back any time, even if you only need too little hairs cut!It will be my honour to serve you!
The grammatical structure of this unit is predicative clause. Like object clause and subject clause, predicative clause is one of Nominal Clauses. The leading words of predicative clauses are that, what, how, what, where, as if, because, etc.The design of teaching activities aims to guide students to perceive the structural features of predicative clauses and think about their ideographic functions. Beyond that, students should be guided to use this grammar in the context apporpriately and flexibly.1. Enable the Ss to master the usage of the predicative clauses in this unit.2. Enable the Ss to use the predicative patterns flexibly.3. Train the Ss to apply some skills by doing the relevant exercises.1.Guide students to perceive the structural features of predicative clauses and think about their ideographic functions.2.Strengthen students' ability of using predicative clauses in context, but also cultivate their ability of text analysis and logical reasoning competence.Step1: Underline all the examples in the reading passage, where noun clauses are used as the predicative. Then state their meaning and functions.1) One theory was that bad air caused the disease.2) Another theory was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.3) The truth was that the water from the Broad Street had been infected by waste.Sum up the rules of grammar:1. 以上黑体部分在句中作表语。2. 句1、2、3中的that在从句中不作成分,只起连接作用。 Step2: Review the basic components of predicative clauses1.Definition
当孩子们由父母陪同时,他们才被允许进入这个运动场。3.过去分词(短语)作状语时的几种特殊情况(1)过去分词(短语)在句中作时间、条件、原因、让步状语时,相当于对应的时间、条件、原因及让步状语从句。Seen from the top of the mountain (=When it is seen from the top of the mountain), the whole town looks more beautiful.从山顶上看,整个城市看起来更美了。Given ten more minutes (=If we are given ten more minutes), we will finish the work perfectly.如果多给十分钟,我们会完美地完成这项工作。Greatly touched by his words (=Because she was greatly touched by his words), she was full of tears.由于被他的话深深地感动,她满眼泪花。Warned of the storm (=Though they were warned of the storm), the farmers were still working on the farm.尽管被警告了风暴的到来,但农民们仍在农场干活。(2)过去分词(短语)在句中作伴随、方式等状语时,可改为句子的并列谓语或改为并列分句。The teacher came into the room, followed by two students (=and was followed by two students).后面跟着两个学生,老师走进了房间。He spent the whole afternoon, accompanied by his mom(=and was accompanied by his mom).他由母亲陪着度过了一整个下午。
Step 7: complete the discourse according to the grammar rules.Cholera used to be one of the most 1.__________ (fear) diseases in the world. In the early 19th century, _2_________ an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died. But neither its cause, 3__________ its cure was understood. A British doctor, John Snow, wanted to solve the problem and he knew that cholera would not be controlled _4_________ its cause was found. In general, there were two contradictory theories 5 __________ explained how cholera spread. The first suggested that bad air caused the disease. The second was that cholera was caused by an _6_________(infect) from germs in food or water. John Snow thought that the second theory was correct but he needed proof. So when another outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, he began to investigate. Later, with all the evidence he _7_________ (gather), John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Therefore, he had the handle of the pump _8_________ (remove) so that it couldn't be used. Through his intervention,the disease was stopped in its tracks. What is more, John Snow found that some companies sold water from the River Thames that __9__________________ (pollute) by raw waste. The people who drank this water were much more likely _10_________ (get) cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water. Through John Snow's efforts, the _11_________ (threaten) of cholera around the world saw a substantial increase. Keys: 1.feared 2.when 3. nor 4.unless 5.that/which 6.infection 7.had gathered 8.removed 9.was polluted 10.to get 11. threat
Step 5: After learning the text, discuss with your peers about the following questions:1.John Snow believed Idea 2 was right. How did he finally prove it?2. Do you think John Snow would have solved this problem without the map?3. Cholera is a 19th century disease. What disease do you think is similar to cholera today?SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.keys:1. John Snow finally proved his idea because he found an outbreak that was clearly related to cholera, collected information and was able to tie cases outside the area to the polluted water.2. No. The map helped John Snow organize his ideas. He was able to identify those households that had had many deaths and check their water-drinking habits. He identified those houses that had had no deaths and surveyed their drinking habits. The evidence clearly pointed to the polluted water being the cause.3. SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.Step 6: Consolidate what you have learned by filling in the blanks:John Snow was a well-known _1___ in London in the _2__ century. He wanted to find the _3_____ of cholera in order to help people ___4_____ it. In 1854 when a cholera __5__ London, he began to gather information. He ___6__ on a map ___7___ all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had ___8____ (drink) the dirty water from the __9____ died. So he decided that the polluted water ___10____ cholera. He suggested that the ___11__ of all water supplies should be _12______ and new methods of dealing with ____13___ water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was __14_____.Keys: 1. doctor 2. 19th 3.cause 4.infected with 5.hit 6.marked 7.where 8.drunk 9.pump 10.carried 11.source 12.examined 13.polluted 14.defeatedHomework: Retell the text after class and preview its language points
This happens because the dish soap molecules have a strong negative charge, and the milk molecules have a strong positive charge. Like magnets, these molecules are attracted to each other, and so they appear to move around on the plate, taking the food coloring with them, making it look like the colors are quickly moving to escape from the soap.Listening text:? Judy: Oh, I'm so sorry that you were ill and couldn't come with us on our field trip. How are you feeling now? Better?? Bill: Much better, thanks. But how was it?? Judy: Wonderful! I especially liked an area of the museum called Light Games.it was really cool. They had a hall of mirrors where I could see myself reflected thousands of times!? Bill: A hall of mirrors can be a lot of fun. What else did they have?? Judy: Well, they had an experiment where we looked at a blue screen for a while, and then suddenly we could see tiny bright lights moving around on it. You'll never guess what those bright lights were!? Bill: Come on, tell me!? Judy: They were our own blood cells. For some reason, our eyes play tricks on us when we look at a blue screen, and we can see our own blood cells moving around like little lights! But there was another thing I liked better. I stood in front of a white light, and it cast different shadows of me in every color of the rainbow!? Bill: Oh, I wish I had been there. Tell me more!? Judy: Well, they had another area for sound. They had a giant piano keyboard that you could use your feet to play. But then, instead of playing the sounds of a piano, it played the voices of classical singers! Then they had a giant dish, and when you spoke into it, it reflected the sound back and made it louder. You could use it to speak in a whisper to someone 17 meters away.? Bill: It all sounds so cool. I wish I could have gone with you? Judy: I know, but we can go together this weekend. I'd love to go there again!? Bill: That sounds like a great idea!
The grammar of this unit is designed to review noun clauses. Sentences that use nouns in a sentence are called noun clauses. Nominal clauses can act as subject, object, predicate, appositive and other components in compound sentences. According to the above-mentioned different grammatical functions, nominal clauses are divided into subject clause, object clause, predicate clause and appositive clause. In this unit, we will review the three kinds of nominal clauses. Appositive clauses are not required to be mastered in the optional compulsory stage, so they are not involved.1. Guide the students to judge the compound sentences and determine the composition of the clauses in the sentence.2. Instruct students to try to learn grammar by generalizing grammar rules, controlling written practice, and semi-open oral output.3. Inspire the students to systematize the function and usage of noun clause1.Instruct students to try to learn grammar by generalizing grammar rules, controlling written practice, and semi-open oral output.2.Inspire the students to systematize the function and usage of noun clauseStep1: The teacher ask studetns to find out more nominal clauses from the reading passage and udnerline the nominal clauses.
The newspaper reported more than 100 people had been killed in the thunderstorm.报纸报道说有一百多人在暴风雨中丧生。(2)before、when、by the time、until、after、once等引导的时间状语从句的谓语是一般过去时,以及by、before后面接过去的时间时,主句动作发生在从句的动作或过去的时间之前且表示被动时,要用过去完成时的被动语态。By the time my brother was 10, he had been sent to Italy.我弟弟10岁前就已经被送到意大利了。Tons of rice had been produced by the end of last month. 到上月底已生产了好几吨大米。(3) It was the first/second/last ... time that ...句中that引导的定语从句中,主语与谓语构成被动关系时,要用过去完成时的被动语态。It was the first time that I had seen the night fact to face in one and a half years. 这是我一年半以来第一次亲眼目睹夜晚的景色。(4)在虚拟语气中,条件句表示与过去事实相反,且主语与谓语构成被动关系时,要用过去完成时的被动语态。If I had been instructed by him earlier, I would have finished the task.如果我早一点得到他的指示,我早就完成这项任务了。If I had hurried, I wouldn't have missed the train.如果我快点的话,我就不会误了火车。If you had been at the party, you would have met him. 如果你去了晚会,你就会见到他的。
The discourse explores the link between food and culture from a foreign’s perspective and it records some authentic Chinese food and illustrates the cultural meaning, gerography features and historic tradition that the food reflects. It is aimed to lead students to understand and think about the connection between food and culture. While teaching, the teacher should instruct students to find out the writing order and the writer’s experieces and feelings towards Chinese food and culture.1.Guide the students to read the text, sort out the information and dig out the topic.2.Understand the cultural connotation, regional characteristics and historical tradition of Chinese cuisine3.Understand and explore the relationship between food and people's personality4.Guide the students to use the cohesive words in the text5.Lead students to accurately grasp the real meaning of the information and improve the overall understanding ability by understanding the implied meaning behind the text.1. Enable the Ss to understand the structure and the writing style of the passage well.2. Lead the Ss to understand and think further about the connection between food and geography and local character traits.Step1: Prediction before reading. Before you read, look at the title, and the picture. What do you think this article is about?keys:It is about various culture and cuisine about a place or some countries.
You have no excuse for not going.你没有理由不去。He was punished for not having finished his homework.他因未完成作业而受到惩罚。2.动词ing形式复合结构由物主代词或人称代词宾格、名词所有格或普通格加动词ing,即“sb./sb.'s+doing”构成。动词ing形式的复合结构实际上是给动词ing形式加了一个逻辑主语。动词ing形式的复合结构有四种形式:①形容词性物主代词+动词ing②名词所有格+动词ing③代词宾格+动词ing④名词+动词ingHer coming to help encouraged all of us.她来帮忙鼓舞了我们所有人。The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting.这个婴儿被突然的关门声吵醒了。Can you imagine him/Jack cooking at home?你能想象他/杰克在家做饭的样子吗?无生命名词无论是作主语还是作宾语都不能用第②种形式。Tom's winning first prize last year impressed me a lot.汤姆去年得了一等奖使我印象深刻。Do you mind my/me/Jack's/Jack leaving now?你介意我/杰克现在离开吗?Excuse me for my not coming on time.很抱歉我没能按时来。His father's being ill made him worried.他父亲病了,他很担心。We are looking forward to the singer's/the singer to give us a concert.我们盼望着这位歌手来给我们举办一场演唱会。
由扶到放,学习课文 1.指导学习一至三段。 (1)指名读第一段。学习生字"弯、直",通过做动作理解词义。 (2)练习朗读第一段,可边读边做动作。 (3)教师引读第二段:小燕子从他头上飞过。小白兔大声喊--(学生读)。 (4)引导学生看第一幅挂图:小燕子飞得很低,小白兔奇怪地向燕子为什么飞得这么低。学生练习朗读小白兔喊叫的句子,提醒学生注意提示语"大声喊"和句尾问号。 (5)先指名读第三段,然后逐句以问引读: ① 教师指第一句问:燕子边飞边说-- ②空气怎么样呢--(学生接读第二句)虫子的翅膀可比鸟的翅膀小多了,薄多了,就像透明的纱一样,沾上了小水珠,就像人背上了铅球一样沉重,自然就飞不高了。再读第二句。 ③那小燕子飞不高是什么原因呢?学生读最后一句,教师板书:捉虫子,学习生字"捉",练习朗读句子。
读文感悟。 1、出示:邓小平爷爷( )地种柏树。 师:同学们带着这个问题仔细读课文,用“——”划出有关句子。然后想一想,“( )”里填什么词比较恰当。 2、生自由读课文,边读边划。 3、 全班汇报交流。 师:你认为邓小平爷爷( )地种柏树,从哪些地方体现出来? (以读为主,引导学生学会读课文,尊重学生个性化的理解。“( )”里可填“起劲、仔细、认真、一丝不苟、小心”等等,随机进行读文,结合语言文字训练,体会邓小平爷爷积极为祖国绿化作贡献的精神。) (如:找出邓小平爷爷种树的动作词“挖、挑选、移、填、站在、扶正”,同桌伙伴,一人做动作,一人口述植树过程。“移”字可换“放”字比较理解。) 4、 四人小组讨论:邓小平爷爷为什么种树?他是怎么想的? (结合课前收集的邓小平爷爷的资料理解,体会邓小平爷爷一心为国之心,激发学生参与绿化的热情。)
初读课文,学习字词。 1.出示自学提示:默读课文,一边读一边画出不认识的字和不理解的词,并借助词典等学习工具书理解。 2.教师检查学生学习情况。 (1)检查生字读音。 ①参差( cēncī)芭蕉(bā)衣襟( jīn)妩媚(wǔ) ②“薄”是一个多音字,在字典中有三个读音,一个读bo,当“迫近、靠近”讲,组词是日薄西山;还有的当“轻微、少”、“不强壮”、“不厚道”、“看不起”等意思,组词是“广种薄收”、“单薄”、“轻薄”、“厚古薄今”等;一个读bo,组词是薄荷,多年生草本植物;还有一个读音是bao,表示感情冷淡、不浓、不肥沃等意思。课文中 (2)指导易混淆的字。 “幽”是半包围结构,外面是“山”,里面是两个“幺”。 “案”是上下结构,上面是“安”,下面是“木”。 “薄”要与“簿”相互比较,可以通过组词的形式来辨析,“薄”组词是“薄饼”,“簿”组词是练习簿。 “糊”:左右结构,与“米”有关,形容非常黏稠、混沌不清的状态。
朗读背诵,感悟课文 1、你从什么地方知道柳树醒了?分小组交流交流。 (根据学生的回答依次学习相应小节。) 2、学生在读书交流中,随机出示课件中相应小节,帮助领悟,读好“醒、软、绿、飞、高”等词。 第一节:(课件出示:天空春雷一声响,地下一棵棵柳树摇了摇身子。) 想象:春雷会跟柳树说什么? 第二节:(课件出示:春雨沙沙,柳枝渐渐吐绿,向下垂。) 你觉得这一小节该怎样读呢? 第三节:(课件出示:春风吹动柳枝,柳枝飘荡) 引读,你们瞧!春风给柳树梳头,梳着梳着——(生读)。 第四节:谁想读第四节?谁知道“小柳絮”是什么样儿的?理解“柳絮”:(课件出示:一双燕子在空中飞来飞去,柳树上沾满上面结满有白色绒毛的种子,绒毛随风飞散。) 第五小节:(课件出示:柳树枝条在风中飘荡,孩子们在树下玩耍。)看,小柳树醒了,它在干什么?会班齐读。 3、再读读课文,想想:你从哪里知道“柳树醒了”?“柳树醒了”说明什么? 4、和同桌小伙伴一起试着背背课文,比比谁先会背。(课件出示课文插图,同时配乐。)
由扶到放,学习课文 1.指导学习一至三段。 (1)指名读第一段。学习生字"弯、直",通过做动作理解词义。 (2)练习朗读第一段,可边读边做动作。 (3)教师引读第二段:小燕子从他头上飞过。小白兔大声喊--(学生读)。 (4)引导学生看第一幅挂图:小燕子飞得很低,小白兔奇怪地向燕子为什么飞得这么低。学生练习朗读小白兔喊叫的句子,提醒学生注意提示语"大声喊"和句尾问号。 (5)先指名读第三段,然后逐句以问引读: ① 教师指第一句问:燕子边飞边说-- ②空气怎么样呢--(学生接读第二句)虫子的翅膀可比鸟的翅膀小多了,薄多了,就像透明的纱一样,沾上了小水珠,就像人背上了铅球一样沉重,自然就飞不高了。再读第二句。 ③那小燕子飞不高是什么原因呢?学生读最后一句,教师板书:捉虫子,学习生字"捉",练习朗读句子。 (6)朗读第三段。
(一)、导入 师:今天,我们来学习课文《全神贯注》。谁回忆一下我们学习略读课文的方法。 生:1、自读课文,扫清字、词障碍。 2、再读课文,理清文章脉络。 3、按照阅读提示研读课文。 4、小组交流、讨论。 5、大组汇报 (二)、按照学习方法,进行学习。 (三)、(以小组为单位)汇报学习情况。 1、小组1:读课文,并讲解不理解的词义。 提醒易读错的字音和易写错的生字。
教材分析:《枫树上的喜鹊》是一篇童话故事,这篇课文叙述的线条简洁、明快,情节简单、干净,语调较为活泼,符合儿童的心理特点和阅读接受能力。但是这篇童话又与众不同的地方在于,一般的童话大都采用第三人称叙述,讲述者是置身事外的。而这篇童话采用的是第三人称和第一人称穿插叙述的方式,把一个带着童真、童趣的眼睛去看待周围事物的孩童展现在我们的面前。这个童话故事告诉我们:童话就在我们身边,人人都可以创造童话。 学情分析:二年级的学生,已经对童话故事有浓厚的兴趣,好奇心强,但缺乏一定的鉴别能力。大多数学生活泼、好动、大胆且独立,他们已经掌握了识字的方法,喜欢读书,但语言的表达能力、逻辑思维能力欠佳,有意注意的时间还比较短。
嗅苹果 学生们向苏格拉底请教:怎样才能坚持真理? 笑容可掬的苏格拉底让大家坐下来,随后取出一个苹果。他用手指捏着,慢慢地从每个同学的座位旁边走过,一边走一边说:“请同学们集中精力,注意嗅一嗅空气中的气味。” 然后,他回到讲台上,把苹果举起来左右晃了晃,问:“哪位同学闻到了苹果的气味儿?” 有一位同学举手回答:“我闻到了,是香味!” 苏格拉底再次走下讲台,举着苹果,慢慢地从每一个学生的座位旁边走过,边走边叮嘱:“请同学务必集中精力,仔细嗅一嗅空气中的气味。” 稍停,苏格拉底第三次从讲台走到学生们中间,让每一个学生再嗅一嗅苹果的气味。
1.想想课文讲了一件什么事?“鱼游到了纸上”的意思是什么?(“我”去玉泉观鱼,认识了一位残疾青年,他每个星期天都来这里画金鱼。“鱼游到了纸上”意思是说这位青年画的金鱼十分形象生动,像活的那样在纸上游动。学生可以从整体感知课文内容,只要大致说出课文讲了一件什么事就行了。)2.你是怎么知道这位青年是聋哑人?找出课文中的有关语句。(“从来不说一句话”“没有任何反应”,和他胸前佩戴的“福利工厂”的厂徽,可以看出他是一位聋哑青年。如果是会说话的人,不可能从来不说一句话;如果是听得见的人,那么在众人的赞叹、议论声中,不可能“没有任何反应”;“福利工厂”一般是专为残疾人开办的工厂。)
读课文,感悟 1、 齐读第一自然段。 2、 你知道了什么时间什么人去干什么? 3、 植物园怎么样?同学们参观认真吗?你怎么知道的? 4、 指名读第一自然段,创设情境比比谁读得更棒。注意“可”要读出抑扬感。 5、 接下来的3、4、5、6自然段朗读,师读旁白,学生只要读说的一句话,但要结合叙述加进动作、表情等等。 6、 小组内练习,师巡视指导。 7、 各自读第7自然段,说说如果当时是自己在场会怎样想,怎样做。 8、 齐读第8自然段,师提示“会心的微笑”处要读得缓慢、高兴。 9、 讨论“会心的微笑”是什么意思,适当扩展。 10、 自荐读,比比谁读得更生动(从语音、语气、表情等方面评价)。 11、 各自读课文,要求: 完整、仔细,觉得有意思的地方多读读。努力读出自己的最佳样子。
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