【设计思想】诗歌教学的关键是感受诗景,体味诗情,领悟诗意,在此基础上孕育理解能力、鉴赏能力和审美情感。诗景、诗情、诗意均由文字来承载,把握文字组合的张力,是读诗赏诗的抓手。杜甫的诗歌素以炼字精深、涵盖深远著称,以《登高》而言,往往淡淡一字,平平一语,便笼大千于方寸,缩古今于一瞬。故细读文本,咀嚼字句,便是赏景、悟情、会意的基本路径。其次,不朽名作的特点是寄寓深广,古今评价甚多,见仁见智,不一而足。这正是培养学生问题意识、探究意识的极好凭借。第三,诗为语言之精华,是诗人心里涌出的情感之流。诵读乃赏诗之要着,精心感悟之时,设身处地,心惟口诵,是理解诗意的关键一步。基于是,笔者作如下同课异构,殊途同归。【教学目标】1.理解本诗所绘之景、所抒之情及绘景、抒情之法。2.学会用意象叠加法、字句推敲法、诵读体验法等欣赏诗歌。3.感受杜甫心系苍生、情寄邦国、忧国忧民、兼济天下的博大情怀。
【明确】“一夫当关,万夫莫开”言剑阁有易守难攻的险要形势,暗示中央朝廷的部队很不容易打进来,因而野心家可以据险发动叛乱,“化为狼与豺”,搞地方割据。如果割据势力之间出现矛盾冲突,难免要发生混战,结果必定是“杀人如麻”。诗人这番预言在十多年后就得到了证实:从上元二年到大历初即有段子璋、徐知道、崔旰等人相继发动叛乱。诗人的意图是要严防野心家发难。诗人从剑阁的险要引出对政治形势的描写。他化用西晋张载《剑阁铭》中形胜之地,匪亲勿居的语句,目的在于劝人引以为鉴戒,警惕战乱的发生,并联系当时的社会背景,揭露了蜀中豺狼的磨牙吮血,杀人如麻,这既是描写蜀道猛兽,又是影射政治黑暗的双关语句,表达了对国事的忧虑与关切,为诗篇增加了现实的内涵、深厚的意蕴。唐天宝初年,太平景象背后正潜伏着危机,后来发生的安史之乱,证明诗人的忧虑是有现实意义的。
【教学目标】1.学习本文精彩的人物语言——说理透辟,善于辞令,以及起伏跌宕,生动活泼的情节。2.掌握文章中出现的古汉语常识,注意多义词在不同语境中的不同意义和用法。3.了解烛之武说服秦伯的方法——善于利用矛盾,采取分化瓦解的方法,认识烛之武机智善辩的外交才能。【教学重点】1.烛之武人物形象的把握。2.波澜起伏,生动活泼的情节。【教学难点】通过学习本课,使学生对《左传》的语言特点有所了解。【教学过程】第一课时课前预习:(1)借助工具书,通读原文。(2)参考有关资料,对《左传》在先秦文学史中的地位及《左传》的语言特色有所了解。(3)初步了解故事情节,特别注意对烛之武这个中心人物的把握。(4)画出自己不理解的问题及难点。
3、文化是人们的一种素养(1)人的文化素养是在社会生活、实践中形成的。每个人所具有的文化素养,不是天生的,而是通过对社会生活的体验,特别是通过参与文化生活、接受知识文化教育而逐步培养出来的。文化素养的形成,离不开生活、实践和教育。人们在社会实践中创造和发展文化,也在社会生活中获得和享用文化。(2)人的文化素养表现在日常言行中。教师活动:引导学生阅读教材7页“公交车漫画”材料,并思考所反映的问题学生活动:积极思考并讨论问题教师点评:人们的精神活动离不开物质活动,人们的文化素养总是要通过他在日常生活中的言行、在社会实践活动中的表现等表现出来。我们通过观察人们的社会行为,就可以从中透视人们的精神世界和精神生活。4、文化的传承和发展离不开物质载体。社会文化和精神产品离不开物质载体,一个时代的文化和精神产品,往往是这一时代社会发展轨迹的反映。
尊敬的李教授:我校读书节活动将于4月25日在图书馆拉开帷幕。读书节期间,①学校将开展征文比赛、读书交流会、课本剧表演等。②您对名著阅读的研究确实有点水平,学校③特邀您开设《傅雷家书》阅读方法专题讲座,请您百忙之中参加为盼!
【教学目标】 1.理解人口数量在社会的发展过程中的变化趋势,并能一一解释其原因;2.理解发达国家和发展中国家人口增长的差异和成因,并理解不同国家有不同的人口政策;3.运用图表分析世界人口增长模式的特点,并比较人口增长模式的时间和空间的差异;4.通过学习,能读懂并分析人口增长坐标图;同时能辩证地认识人口增长的不同状况采取的人口政策也不同。【教学重、难点及解决办法] 】重点:分析并比较人口增长模式在时间和空间上的差异难点:理解人口增长模式的三个指标解决方法:读图分析比较法 调查研究法 案例分析法 自主学习与合作探究 【教学准备】多媒体课件缺勤登记:【板书设计】第一节人口数量的变化第一节 人口数量的变化一、人口的自然增长(一)人口在数量变化在时间上是不均匀的(二)世界人口增长在空间上的差异——不均衡二、人口的增长模式及其转变
学生已经学习了指数运算性质,有了这些知识作储备,教科书通过利用指数运算性质,推导对数的运算性质,再学习利用对数的运算性质化简求值。课程目标1、通过具体实例引入,推导对数的运算性质;2、熟练掌握对数的运算性质,学会化简,计算.数学学科素养1.数学抽象:对数的运算性质;2.逻辑推理:换底公式的推导;3.数学运算:对数运算性质的应用;4.数学建模:在熟悉的实际情景中,模仿学过的数学建模过程解决问题.重点:对数的运算性质,换底公式,对数恒等式及其应用;难点:正确使用对数的运算性质和换底公式.教学方法:以学生为主体,采用诱思探究式教学,精讲多练。教学工具:多媒体。一、 情景导入回顾指数性质:(1)aras=ar+s(a>0,r,s∈Q).(2)(ar)s= (a>0,r,s∈Q).(3)(ab)r= (a>0,b>0,r∈Q).那么对数有哪些性质?如 要求:让学生自由发言,教师不做判断。而是引导学生进一步观察.研探.
对数与指数是相通的,本节在已经学习指数的基础上通过实例总结归纳对数的概念,通过对数的性质和恒等式解决一些与对数有关的问题.课程目标1、理解对数的概念以及对数的基本性质;2、掌握对数式与指数式的相互转化;数学学科素养1.数学抽象:对数的概念;2.逻辑推理:推导对数性质;3.数学运算:用对数的基本性质与对数恒等式求值;4.数学建模:通过与指数式的比较,引出对数定义与性质.重点:对数式与指数式的互化以及对数性质;难点:推导对数性质.教学方法:以学生为主体,采用诱思探究式教学,精讲多练。教学工具:多媒体。一、 情景导入已知中国的人口数y和年头x满足关系 中,若知年头数则能算出相应的人口总数。反之,如果问“哪一年的人口数可达到18亿,20亿,30亿......”,该如何解决?要求:让学生自由发言,教师不做判断。而是引导学生进一步观察.研探.
幂函数是在继一次函数、反比例函数、二次函数之后,又学习了单调性、最值、奇偶性的基础上,借助实例,总结出幂函数的概念,再借助图像研究幂函数的性质.课程目标1、理解幂函数的概念,会画幂函数y=x,y=x2,y=x3,y=x-1,y=x 的图象;2、结合这几个幂函数的图象,理解幂函数图象的变化情况和性质;3、通过观察、总结幂函数的性质,培养学生概括抽象和识图能力.数学学科素养1.数学抽象:用数学语言表示函数幂函数;2.逻辑推理:常见幂函数的性质;3.数学运算:利用幂函数的概念求参数;4.数据分析:比较幂函数大小;5.数学建模:在具体问题情境中,运用数形结合思想,利用幂函数性质、图像特点解决实际问题。重点:常见幂函数的概念、图象和性质;难点:幂函数的单调性及比较两个幂值的大小.
函数在高中数学中占有很重要的比重,因而作为函数的第一节内容,主要从三个实例出发,引出函数的概念.从而就函数概念的分析判断函数,求定义域和函数值,再结合三要素判断函数相等.课程目标1.理解函数的定义、函数的定义域、值域及对应法则。2.掌握判定函数和函数相等的方法。3.学会求函数的定义域与函数值。数学学科素养1.数学抽象:通过教材中四个实例总结函数定义;2.逻辑推理:相等函数的判断;3.数学运算:求函数定义域和求函数值;4.数据分析:运用分离常数法和换元法求值域;5.数学建模:通过从实际问题中抽象概括出函数概念的活动,培养学生从“特殊到一般”的分析问题的能力,提高学生的抽象概括能力。重点:函数的概念,函数的三要素。难点:函数概念及符号y=f(x)的理解。
1、明喻: 明喻就是本体、喻体和比喻词都出现的比喻。例句:例如:长城像一条长龙。这个句子中,“长城”是本体,“像”是比喻词,“一条长龙”是喻体。2、暗喻: 暗喻又叫隐喻,只出现本体和喻体,不用比喻词语或用“是、变成、成为、等于”等喻词。例句:例如:山间的云雾构成了一幅精妙的山水画。这个句子中“山间的云雾”是本体,“构成”是比喻词,“一幅精妙的山水画”是喻体。3、借喻: 借喻是只出现用来代替本体的喻体,而本体和喻词都不出现。例句:落光了叶子的柳树上挂满了毛茸茸、亮晶晶的银条儿。这个句子中,本体、比喻词均没有出现,喻体是“银条儿”。
一、教学目标1、让学生懂得使用文明用语是学生应有的美德。2、让学生知道常用的文明用语,并学会运用。3、培养学生使用文明用语的良好习惯。
【教学参考】对“新政”作用的评价史学界对“新政”作用的评价是仁者见仁、智者见智,但基本上有三种观点,即“功大于过论”、“过大于功论”和“功过参半论”。持“功大于过论”者认为“新政”在美国历史上基本上是一种进步现象,首先,“新政”挽救了危机,使美国人民摆脱了危机的困苦局面;其次,在缺少足够的宏观经济政策知识的时代,罗斯福所做的努力确实是开创性的;再次,罗斯福“新政”开启了美国以后历届政府实施国家干预政策的大门,成为缓解自由主义经济制度之弊病的一剂良方,并在实质上加强了美国联邦政府的权威;最后,在30年代资本主义世界经济危机的背景下,同日本、德国为转嫁危机而发动战争的策略相比,“新政”无疑代表了一种进步、民主的解救危机方式。持“过大于功论”者认为“新政”未能使美国走出萧条、步入繁荣。
This theme of the part is “ Describe people or things in greater detail”. Students have learned the grammar(restrictive relative clauses) in Book 1, and further review and consolidate its structure “prep+relative pronouns(which/whom)” and the relative adverbs(when, where and why), besides students should understand its form, meaning and functions. In this section, students should be able to express the grammar correctly in daily communication and in the writing. 1. Review the basic usages of relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses . 2. Learn to use some special cases about restrictive relative clauses.3. Learn to write sentences with restrictive relative clauses flexibly according to the context.1. Review the basic usages of relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses .2. Learn to use some special cases about restrictive relative clauses.3. Learn tow rite sentences with restrictive relative clauses flexibly according to the context.Step 1. Observe the following sentences, and mark the relative pronouns and the adverbs. 1. After listening to the scientists who had studied the problems, and citizens who lived near the dam, the government turned to the United Nations for help.2. Temples and other cultural sites were taken down piece by piece, and then moved and put back together again in a place where they were safe from the water.Step 2 PracticePlease complete these sentences with relative pronouns and relative adverbs and answer the following questions.Questions: 1. What is the head noun ?2. What relative words should be used ?3. What elements do they act in these sentences ?
The theme of the reading and thinking is about “Understanding how a problem was solved”.The Listening & Speaking & Talking is about international co-work to protect the Mount Tai, in which the students from seven countries came up with many solutions even create the Mount Tai App. This section aims at showing how to solve a difficult and even tough problem about protecting the cultural heritage by the international co-work. So in this section, cultivating students’ international awareness is very clear and important. Concretely, with the economic development, how to balance the protection of cultural relics and social development is a big challenge for human. In the 1950s, the Egyptian government wanted to build the Aswan Dam across the Nile to control floods, produce electricity and water farms. But the proposal led to protests because it would destroy a lot of cultural relics. The Egyptian had no choice but ask the UN for help. Therefore, a international cooperation about how to protect the cultural relics began, which involved the time length about 20 years and a large amount of fund. Then, the problems was solved. 1. Read quickly to get the main idea and the structure of the article; read careful to get detailed information.2. Learn to use the reading strategy---making a timeline3. Learn how to solve a tough problem by asking for help and cooperation4. Have the international awareness and understand the great strength of international cooperation.1. Read quickly to get the main idea and the structure of the article; read careful to get detailed information.2. Learn to use the reading strategy---making a timeline.3. Learn how to solve a tough problem by asking for help and cooperation.
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “ask about online habits”. Many middle school students have been surfing the Internet for many years, but what they do with the Internet and how much time they spend every day may not be very clear to themselves, nor to other students. This section allows students to investigate their peers' Internet use, which is conducive to their mutual understanding and understanding of the Internet. It can also help them reflect on their own online behavior, learn from other people's good online habits, and get rid of their bad online behavior.The listening text of this section is an investigation interview. The investigators interview specific groups with the same questions to obtain information, so as to understand their views, practices or attitudes on this issue. There are two specific questions: “how much time do you spend online every day? What do you usually do online?”. The answers of the three respondents provide rich and different information, and achieve the purpose of the investigators. The oral discourse structure of survey interviews generally includes greeting and explaining the purpose of the interview, presenting the interview questions and the respondents' answers. Listening and Talking introduces the theme of “choosing the right application ". Listening text is a conversation between Laura and Xiao Bo. In this part of listening, “oink”; “piggy bank” may cause the students' hearing comprehension limitation. Oink refers to sound word and pig's sound. So, add some oink to my piggy bank is often used to describe "making a little money".1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of listening for definitions.2. Cultivate students' ability to define words and understand an investigation interview.
Q5:What's Jan's next goal?Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money for children in poor countries.Q6:What can we learn from her experiences?We learn that when we go through tough times, we can find help and support from other people online. We learn that we can feel less lonelyStep 5: While reading---rethinkingQ1: What is Jan’s attitude to the Internet ?Thankful/Grateful, because it has changed her and her life.Q2: What writing skills is used in the article ?Examples(Jan’s example, the 59-year-old man’s and the 61-year-old woman’s example)Q3: Can you get the main idea of the article ?The Internet has changed Jan’s life/Jan’s life has been changed by the Internet.Step 6 Post reading---Retell the storyMuch has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web. There are countless articles (1)telling(tell) us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient. But the Internet has done a lot (2)more(much) for people than simply make life more convenient. People’s lives (3) have been changed(change) by online communities and social networks so far. Take Jan for example, who developed a serious illness that made her (4)stuck(stick) at home with only her computer to keep (5)her(she) company. She joined an online group (6)where she could share problems, support and advice with others. She considered the ability to remove the distance between people as one of the greatest (7)benefits(benefit). She was so inspired (8)that she started an IT club in which many people have been helped. She has started to learn more about how to use the Internet to make society better. Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money (9)for children in poor countries. Jan’s life has been (10)greatly(great) improved by the Internet.
⑦identity theft 身份盗窃⑧chat room 聊天室⑨draft your blog post 起草博客帖子⑩post embarrassing photos 张贴尴尬照片 【话题句式】 1. How do you stay safe online and avoid bad experiences on the Internet? 你如何在网上保持安全, 避免在网上的不良经历? 2. I’m not an expert, but many years as a blogger have taught me a thing or two. 我不是专家, 但作为一个博主, 我已经学了好几年了。 3. If you see or read something that makes you feel uncomfortable, leave the site immediately. 如果你看到或读到一些让你觉得不舒服的东西, 立即离开这个网站。4. Don’t give out your address or phone number. 别告诉别人你的地址或电话号码。 5. Identity theft is a common and serious problem. 身份盗窃是一个常见而严重的问题。6. Being online is no excuse for being rude, and you don’t want to become a target for a troll or cyberbully. 上网并不是无礼的借口, 你也不想成为发挑衅帖子的人或网络恶霸的目标。 7. Trolls often use several false names so that they can stay on a site. 发挑衅帖子的人经常使用几个假名, 这样他们就可以留在一个网站上。8. However, the more polite you are, the less likely it is you will be attacked. 然而, 你越有礼貌, 你被攻击的可能性就越小。
This teaching period mainly deals with grammar: The past participle is used as attributive and objective complement.1. Guide students to review the basic usages of the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.2. Lead students to learn to use some special cases concerning the past participle used as attributive and objective complement flexibly.3. Strengthen students’ great interest in grammar learning.1. Help students to appreciate the function of the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.2. Instruct students to write essays using the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.Step1:温故而知新。Analyze the underlined phrases and then sum up the common usages of the past participles.1.(教材P41)They had castles built(build) all around England, and made changes to the legal system.2.(教材P42)They use the same flag, known(know) as the Union Jack,...3.(教材P42)Judy and I had our car parked(park) in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square, where we could get our car battery charged(charge).Common points: f the past participle used as attributive and objective complement.Step 2:过去分词作定语时的意义1.及物动词的过去分词作定语,在语态上表示被动;在时间上,常表示动作已经发生或完成,有时也不表示时间性。Our teacher watched us doing the experiment and gave us a satisfied smile at last.我们的老师看着我们做实验,最后给了我们一个满意的微笑。The plan put forward at the meeting will be carried out soon.会上提出的计划将很快被执行。2.不及物动词的过去分词作定语,它不表示被动意义,只强调动作完成。Many little kids like gathering fallen leaves in the yard.
这个地区有着深厚的传统。既学既练:为了让更多的外国游客了解中国文化,欣赏中国美丽的自然风光,感受中国发生的巨大变化,某外文杂志社将出版一本英语小册子来介绍中国的旅游景点。该杂志社邀请你为该小册子写一篇英语短文来介绍杭州,内容包括:1.杭州的位置(中国东南部)、面积(16 000多平方公里)及历史(2 200多年)等;2.杭州的旅游特色(自然风景、传统文化、特色小吃等);3.希望更多的游客来杭州参观。注意:1.词数80左右;2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。Located in the southeast of China, Hangzhou is a beautiful city.Dating back more than 2,200 years, Hangzhou covers an area of more than 16,000 square kilometers.In Hangzhou, you can visit the West Lake, whose scenery is fascinating.In addition, you can’t miss its cultural relics and historical sites, from which you will learn more about excellent Chinese traditional culture and traditions.In Hangzhou, the special snacks are famous and visitors from different parts of the world think highly of them.As a tourist attraction, Hangzhou attracts a large number of visitors from home and abroad every year.Once you come to China, Hangzhou is a scenic spot you can’t miss.
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