【参考范文】Narrator:(Henry is smiling as he leaves the restaurant. As he is walking down the street, he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to get it cut. )H=Henry;B=Barber;R=rude manH:Good afternoon, I'd like to get a cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry's hair and continues cutting another man's hair. )Er, I'd really like a haircut. As you can see it's much too long. B:(in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H:Fine, well I'll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber's chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B:It's quite expensive here, you know!Are you sure you can afford it?H:Yes. I think so. (In comes the rude man. )R:Hey you there. I need a haircut quickly. Can you do me straightaway?B:All right, then, get in the chair and I'll see what I can do. R:Thank you. (sits down in one of the barber's chairs)H:Excuse me, but I was here first. Aren't you going to do my hair first?B:This man's in a hurry. H:Well so am I!I insist that you cut my hair first. B:OK, but I'll have to be quick. This gentleman is waiting. H:Thank you. (They both become quiet. After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B:Why, Mr . . . (looks shocked)H:Adams. Henry Adams. I'm sorry, I don't have any change. R:You're that Mr Adams! Well,I'm glad I waited or I might never have known it was you. B:Why, Mr Adams, please don't worry!(wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about!Nothing at all!Please come back any time, even if you only need too little hairs cut!It will be my honour to serve you!
The grammatical structure of this unit is predicative clause. Like object clause and subject clause, predicative clause is one of Nominal Clauses. The leading words of predicative clauses are that, what, how, what, where, as if, because, etc.The design of teaching activities aims to guide students to perceive the structural features of predicative clauses and think about their ideographic functions. Beyond that, students should be guided to use this grammar in the context apporpriately and flexibly.1. Enable the Ss to master the usage of the predicative clauses in this unit.2. Enable the Ss to use the predicative patterns flexibly.3. Train the Ss to apply some skills by doing the relevant exercises.1.Guide students to perceive the structural features of predicative clauses and think about their ideographic functions.2.Strengthen students' ability of using predicative clauses in context, but also cultivate their ability of text analysis and logical reasoning competence.Step1: Underline all the examples in the reading passage, where noun clauses are used as the predicative. Then state their meaning and functions.1) One theory was that bad air caused the disease.2) Another theory was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.3) The truth was that the water from the Broad Street had been infected by waste.Sum up the rules of grammar:1. 以上黑体部分在句中作表语。2. 句1、2、3中的that在从句中不作成分,只起连接作用。 Step2: Review the basic components of predicative clauses1.Definition
当孩子们由父母陪同时,他们才被允许进入这个运动场。3.过去分词(短语)作状语时的几种特殊情况(1)过去分词(短语)在句中作时间、条件、原因、让步状语时,相当于对应的时间、条件、原因及让步状语从句。Seen from the top of the mountain (=When it is seen from the top of the mountain), the whole town looks more beautiful.从山顶上看,整个城市看起来更美了。Given ten more minutes (=If we are given ten more minutes), we will finish the work perfectly.如果多给十分钟,我们会完美地完成这项工作。Greatly touched by his words (=Because she was greatly touched by his words), she was full of tears.由于被他的话深深地感动,她满眼泪花。Warned of the storm (=Though they were warned of the storm), the farmers were still working on the farm.尽管被警告了风暴的到来,但农民们仍在农场干活。(2)过去分词(短语)在句中作伴随、方式等状语时,可改为句子的并列谓语或改为并列分句。The teacher came into the room, followed by two students (=and was followed by two students).后面跟着两个学生,老师走进了房间。He spent the whole afternoon, accompanied by his mom(=and was accompanied by his mom).他由母亲陪着度过了一整个下午。
Step 7: complete the discourse according to the grammar rules.Cholera used to be one of the most 1.__________ (fear) diseases in the world. In the early 19th century, _2_________ an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died. But neither its cause, 3__________ its cure was understood. A British doctor, John Snow, wanted to solve the problem and he knew that cholera would not be controlled _4_________ its cause was found. In general, there were two contradictory theories 5 __________ explained how cholera spread. The first suggested that bad air caused the disease. The second was that cholera was caused by an _6_________(infect) from germs in food or water. John Snow thought that the second theory was correct but he needed proof. So when another outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, he began to investigate. Later, with all the evidence he _7_________ (gather), John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Therefore, he had the handle of the pump _8_________ (remove) so that it couldn't be used. Through his intervention,the disease was stopped in its tracks. What is more, John Snow found that some companies sold water from the River Thames that __9__________________ (pollute) by raw waste. The people who drank this water were much more likely _10_________ (get) cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water. Through John Snow's efforts, the _11_________ (threaten) of cholera around the world saw a substantial increase. Keys: 1.feared 2.when 3. nor 4.unless 5.that/which 6.infection 7.had gathered 8.removed 9.was polluted 10.to get 11. threat
Step 5: After learning the text, discuss with your peers about the following questions:1.John Snow believed Idea 2 was right. How did he finally prove it?2. Do you think John Snow would have solved this problem without the map?3. Cholera is a 19th century disease. What disease do you think is similar to cholera today?SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.keys:1. John Snow finally proved his idea because he found an outbreak that was clearly related to cholera, collected information and was able to tie cases outside the area to the polluted water.2. No. The map helped John Snow organize his ideas. He was able to identify those households that had had many deaths and check their water-drinking habits. He identified those houses that had had no deaths and surveyed their drinking habits. The evidence clearly pointed to the polluted water being the cause.3. SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.Step 6: Consolidate what you have learned by filling in the blanks:John Snow was a well-known _1___ in London in the _2__ century. He wanted to find the _3_____ of cholera in order to help people ___4_____ it. In 1854 when a cholera __5__ London, he began to gather information. He ___6__ on a map ___7___ all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had ___8____ (drink) the dirty water from the __9____ died. So he decided that the polluted water ___10____ cholera. He suggested that the ___11__ of all water supplies should be _12______ and new methods of dealing with ____13___ water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was __14_____.Keys: 1. doctor 2. 19th 3.cause 4.infected with 5.hit 6.marked 7.where 8.drunk 9.pump 10.carried 11.source 12.examined 13.polluted 14.defeatedHomework: Retell the text after class and preview its language points
This happens because the dish soap molecules have a strong negative charge, and the milk molecules have a strong positive charge. Like magnets, these molecules are attracted to each other, and so they appear to move around on the plate, taking the food coloring with them, making it look like the colors are quickly moving to escape from the soap.Listening text:? Judy: Oh, I'm so sorry that you were ill and couldn't come with us on our field trip. How are you feeling now? Better?? Bill: Much better, thanks. But how was it?? Judy: Wonderful! I especially liked an area of the museum called Light Games.it was really cool. They had a hall of mirrors where I could see myself reflected thousands of times!? Bill: A hall of mirrors can be a lot of fun. What else did they have?? Judy: Well, they had an experiment where we looked at a blue screen for a while, and then suddenly we could see tiny bright lights moving around on it. You'll never guess what those bright lights were!? Bill: Come on, tell me!? Judy: They were our own blood cells. For some reason, our eyes play tricks on us when we look at a blue screen, and we can see our own blood cells moving around like little lights! But there was another thing I liked better. I stood in front of a white light, and it cast different shadows of me in every color of the rainbow!? Bill: Oh, I wish I had been there. Tell me more!? Judy: Well, they had another area for sound. They had a giant piano keyboard that you could use your feet to play. But then, instead of playing the sounds of a piano, it played the voices of classical singers! Then they had a giant dish, and when you spoke into it, it reflected the sound back and made it louder. You could use it to speak in a whisper to someone 17 meters away.? Bill: It all sounds so cool. I wish I could have gone with you? Judy: I know, but we can go together this weekend. I'd love to go there again!? Bill: That sounds like a great idea!
The grammar of this unit is designed to review noun clauses. Sentences that use nouns in a sentence are called noun clauses. Nominal clauses can act as subject, object, predicate, appositive and other components in compound sentences. According to the above-mentioned different grammatical functions, nominal clauses are divided into subject clause, object clause, predicate clause and appositive clause. In this unit, we will review the three kinds of nominal clauses. Appositive clauses are not required to be mastered in the optional compulsory stage, so they are not involved.1. Guide the students to judge the compound sentences and determine the composition of the clauses in the sentence.2. Instruct students to try to learn grammar by generalizing grammar rules, controlling written practice, and semi-open oral output.3. Inspire the students to systematize the function and usage of noun clause1.Instruct students to try to learn grammar by generalizing grammar rules, controlling written practice, and semi-open oral output.2.Inspire the students to systematize the function and usage of noun clauseStep1: The teacher ask studetns to find out more nominal clauses from the reading passage and udnerline the nominal clauses.
The newspaper reported more than 100 people had been killed in the thunderstorm.报纸报道说有一百多人在暴风雨中丧生。(2)before、when、by the time、until、after、once等引导的时间状语从句的谓语是一般过去时,以及by、before后面接过去的时间时,主句动作发生在从句的动作或过去的时间之前且表示被动时,要用过去完成时的被动语态。By the time my brother was 10, he had been sent to Italy.我弟弟10岁前就已经被送到意大利了。Tons of rice had been produced by the end of last month. 到上月底已生产了好几吨大米。(3) It was the first/second/last ... time that ...句中that引导的定语从句中,主语与谓语构成被动关系时,要用过去完成时的被动语态。It was the first time that I had seen the night fact to face in one and a half years. 这是我一年半以来第一次亲眼目睹夜晚的景色。(4)在虚拟语气中,条件句表示与过去事实相反,且主语与谓语构成被动关系时,要用过去完成时的被动语态。If I had been instructed by him earlier, I would have finished the task.如果我早一点得到他的指示,我早就完成这项任务了。If I had hurried, I wouldn't have missed the train.如果我快点的话,我就不会误了火车。If you had been at the party, you would have met him. 如果你去了晚会,你就会见到他的。
The discourse explores the link between food and culture from a foreign’s perspective and it records some authentic Chinese food and illustrates the cultural meaning, gerography features and historic tradition that the food reflects. It is aimed to lead students to understand and think about the connection between food and culture. While teaching, the teacher should instruct students to find out the writing order and the writer’s experieces and feelings towards Chinese food and culture.1.Guide the students to read the text, sort out the information and dig out the topic.2.Understand the cultural connotation, regional characteristics and historical tradition of Chinese cuisine3.Understand and explore the relationship between food and people's personality4.Guide the students to use the cohesive words in the text5.Lead students to accurately grasp the real meaning of the information and improve the overall understanding ability by understanding the implied meaning behind the text.1. Enable the Ss to understand the structure and the writing style of the passage well.2. Lead the Ss to understand and think further about the connection between food and geography and local character traits.Step1: Prediction before reading. Before you read, look at the title, and the picture. What do you think this article is about?keys:It is about various culture and cuisine about a place or some countries.
You have no excuse for not going.你没有理由不去。He was punished for not having finished his homework.他因未完成作业而受到惩罚。2.动词ing形式复合结构由物主代词或人称代词宾格、名词所有格或普通格加动词ing,即“sb./sb.'s+doing”构成。动词ing形式的复合结构实际上是给动词ing形式加了一个逻辑主语。动词ing形式的复合结构有四种形式:①形容词性物主代词+动词ing②名词所有格+动词ing③代词宾格+动词ing④名词+动词ingHer coming to help encouraged all of us.她来帮忙鼓舞了我们所有人。The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting.这个婴儿被突然的关门声吵醒了。Can you imagine him/Jack cooking at home?你能想象他/杰克在家做饭的样子吗?无生命名词无论是作主语还是作宾语都不能用第②种形式。Tom's winning first prize last year impressed me a lot.汤姆去年得了一等奖使我印象深刻。Do you mind my/me/Jack's/Jack leaving now?你介意我/杰克现在离开吗?Excuse me for my not coming on time.很抱歉我没能按时来。His father's being ill made him worried.他父亲病了,他很担心。We are looking forward to the singer's/the singer to give us a concert.我们盼望着这位歌手来给我们举办一场演唱会。
一、教材分析在初中阶段,物理量单位的学习是学生较为困惑的问题之一。前面关于1N的规定给学生的印象总好像是有些随意。尤其是牛顿、帕斯卡、安培、伏特、焦耳、瓦特等单位的规定。使得学生感动物理太复杂。事实上,只有把单位制放在整个物理学框架中加以认识,并且知识有了一定的积累。经历了充分的学习过程后才能体会物理量单位的命名和使用规则。体会到其中对一些单位进行规定的合理性和方便特征。物理学单位中,有很少几个基本物理量,它们的单位就是基本单位。在进行了这种选定之后,其它物理量的单位就是根据它的定义式,有所选择的其他物理量的单位共同确定的。国际单位制的建立和使用,不仅方便了国际间的交流,也逐渐成为科学研究中计算和运用的一种规范约束。中学生应该注意学习,逐步习惯,在记录、表达和计算中规范使用。二、教学目标(一)知识与技能1.了解什么是单位制,知道力学中的三个基本单位;2.认识单位制在物理计算中的作用
1. 课前观看视频《物理学与人类文明》2. 分组讨论,派代表发言,谈学习感受。主要是物理的地位,物理的学习方法。3. 高中物理与初中物理在内容和方法上的区别高中物理除了现象、概念和规律之外还应该关注研究问题的方法,学会从先想到抽象,从定性到定量研究问题,学会用数学方法解决物理问题,学会实验探究,学会独立分析问题解决问题的思维习惯。4. 高中物理学习的基本要求高中物理学习应该“重视实验,勤于思考”和“经历过程,体验方法”。高中物理学习与初中物理学习虽然有一定区别,但也不是孤立的,要继续坚持初中物理学习中积累的学习方法和体会,重视从正反两个方面加以总结和提炼,做到:(1) 认真阅读,学会自学要学好物理,就要认真阅读课本。阅读课本是要抓住关键词语,弄清语句间的逻辑顺序和因果关系,领会文章段落所表达的物理内容,掌握课本叙述物理问题的表达方法。
八、物理学的基础地位及物理学对人类文明、社会进步的影响。(1) 情景一:磁悬浮实验:找两个空心的圆柱片磁铁,同名磁极相对,穿在同一根竹筷上,用手压下上面的磁铁,松手观察它的运动情况。问题1:上面的磁铁为什么会跳起来,为什么会悬浮在下面的磁铁上方?问题2:根据这个实验,你会想到那一种交通工具?总结:人们就是从磁悬浮现象中得到启发,进行磁悬浮列车的研究和制造的,这说明物理学在推动社会进步、人类文明方面起到推动作用。(2) 情景二:感应起电和火花放电实验:用感应起电机或感应圈产生火花放电,让学生观察现象,闻气味,然后联想生活实例。还可以用一张纸试着挡住放电的弧光,最好能引燃纸张,说明雷击引起火灾的现象。问题1:你看、听到了什么现象?问题2:根据这个实验,你会想到那一种自然现象?问题3:放电发生在什么地方?为什么建筑物上方都有尖尖的设置,是干什么用的?问题4:你闻到什么气味了吗?
第一板块:借助“发愁”,引发猜测?,猜猜“胡萝卜先生为什么发愁?”?同时借助图片理解“发愁”的意思“胡萝卜先生常常为长胡子发愁。”那么,接下来故事里可能会发生什么呢?你又是怎么想的?让小组成员在不打开书本的情况下展开讨论,请小组代表分享自己的想法。
童话故事是儿童文学的一种体裁,是富有浓郁幻想的虚构故事。它以现实生活为基础,通过丰富的想象、幻想,把故事中的事物描绘的有思想、有感情,能像人一样说话,富有生命力,并编制生动的情节来反映生活。童话的语言通俗易懂,情节简单,符合幼儿的心理状态和认识水平,富有教育意义,易于幼儿接受。《胆小先生》是一篇充满浓郁儿童情趣的童话故事,它采用了拟人的手法,把胆小先生胆小怕事的性格运用拟人化幽默化的的形象来引入,所产生的夸张美。
1、数字找朋友——激发幼儿对数学活动的兴趣。 2、找数字——幼儿在食物上找数字,并激励幼儿相互交流,说说自己的发现。 3、生活中的数字——通过讲述、猜想来激励幼儿畅所欲言,充分调动幼儿的积极性,营造轻松愉悦的氛围,拓展幼儿已有的生活经验。 4、幸运号码——通过游戏发现数字的趣味性和丰富性,从而更真切的体会数字的神奇,随便的调换数字的位置就可以排成不同的数字组合。 5、设计电话号码——幼儿运用已有的知识解决问题,为自己编电话号码。让没个幼儿参与其中,从而体验成功感,使他们对数字产生极大的兴趣,激励幼儿在生活中主动观察事物和运用数字,为以后学习奠定基础。
二、教学目标 ★知识与技能目标: 1、能正确指认绿色开花植物的六大器官; 2、能说出绿色开花植物的相同点和不同点; 3、能用图画或文字描述并记录所观察的植物。 ★过程与方法: 学生在自主探究解决问题的过程中获取认识新知的方法。 ★情感态度与价值观: 在进行探究活动的过程中激发学生研究植物的兴趣,培养学生的合作意识和创新精神。 三、教学重难点 重点:认识绿色开花植物的六大器官。 难点:能用图画或文字描述并记录所观察的植物。
1.认识掌握生字新词。? 2.通过课文的学习了解生命存在的条件和人类探索宇宙生命的过程。?3.培养学生的自读能力,合作意识及运用处理信息的能力以及培养学生热爱科学的兴趣和科学探索的精神。三、说教学重点? 1.了解人类探索宇宙生命之谜的过程。?2.读懂课文,了解课文围绕“地球之外是否有生命存在”这一问题讲了些什么,培养爱科学、学科学的兴趣和探索未知的好奇心。?四、说教学方法?总体上采用读书指导法。确立学生在课堂的主人地位,教师采用确定阅读范围、出示阅读练习、激发阅读兴趣等手段,尽量放手让学生读书,从阅读中发现问题,提出问题,然后师生一起解决问题,完成教学目标。
说教学目标1.能用较快地速度默读课文,知道课文写了关于鲁迅地哪几件事,?并能给每件事加个小标题。? 2.能通过文章地学习,感受鲁迅先生爱憎分明,为自己想得少、为别?人想得多地崇高品质,交流对鲁迅地认识。3.能够联系上下文或结合时代背景理解含义深刻地句子,学习抓住语言、动作、神态描写表现人物品质地方法。? 三、说教学重难点1.把握课文内容,知道课文写了鲁迅先生地哪几件事,了解鲁迅先生地崇高品质交流对他的认识。2.理解笑谈“碰壁”地深刻含义和救助黄包车夫后鲁迅先生的神情的描写。四、说教法学法? 教学方法是在教学过程中,教师和学生为实现教学目标,完成教学任务而采取地教与学互相作用地活动方式地总称,是教师引导学生掌握知识技能,获得身心发展而共同活动地方法。本课地教学设计重在体现教师地主导作用,学生地主体作用。突出学生地学习过程,创设学习情境,引导学生活动,启迪学生思维。培养学生自主学习和探究意识,养成不动笔墨不读书地好习惯。我主要采取地有以下教学方法:? 情景教学法。根据课文描述地情景,适时创设情境,引导学生思考、想象,为激发学生对鲁迅高尚人品地崇敬之情,奠定情感基调。? 讲解法。在学生探究理解地过程中,教师适当补充背景资料、人物介绍、方法指导等,实现教师地主导作用。? 朗读体会法。通过自由读、默读、表演读、感情朗读等,让学生走进人物,体会作者地写作方法,学习文章描写人物地方法。感受文章地思想感情,与作者产生情感共鸣,提高学生地语言感悟能力。? 自主探究与交流延伸相结合学习法。在阅读故事地过程中,学生自主探究学习,感知故事内容,通过与同学、老师交流,不断深化对鲁迅地认识,感受鲁迅地高尚品格。
一、教材分析(说教材)1、教材所处的地位和作用 本课是部编版《道德与法治》二年级上册,第二单元主题六:《班级生活有规则》。2、教材简析本主题主要通过游戏活动,让学生初步认识规则的意义,并通过自我反省,养成遵守规则的态度和习惯。这一课题的内容贴近学生的生活实际,教科书展示了学生学习、生活中与规则有关的照片,并配以文字说明,从而直观地建立起规则的概念,帮助他们对规则的理解具体化、生活化。此外,教科书还通过展示班级、学校、生活中各种各样遵守规则的情境,如上课时聚精会神地听讲、值日生按时搞好卫生、进校时主动向老师问好,帮助学生认识规则存在的普遍性和重要性,懂得遵守规则会使我们的生活更方便、更安全。在观察、分析、联系实际的基础上,指导学生树立规则意识,养成自觉遵守规则的习惯。3、课时安排:1课时4、教学目标:根据二年级学生的实际情况,我制定了以下教学目标:(1)认知目标:懂得什么是规则,初步树立规则意识。(2)能力目标:能通过讨论与探索感受遵守规则的重要性。开始将《中小学生守则》等学校规则化作行为,自觉遵守。(3)情感目标:通过游戏,认识规则的普遍性,体验规则的重要性,知道没有规则连简单的游戏都没法进行下去;并通过调查和交流,感受学校生活有规则;从小养成按规则办事的习惯,培养社会责任感。
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