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新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 3 Diverse Cultures-Reading and Thinking教学设计
Discuss these questions in groups.Q1: Have you ever been to a place that has a diverse culture ? What do you think about the culture diversity ?One culturally diverse place that I have been to is Harbin, the capital city of Heilongjiang Province. I went there last year with my family to see the Ice and Snow Festival, and I was amazed at how the culture as different to most other Chinese cities. There is a big Russian influence there, with beautiful Russian architecture and lots of interesting restaurants. I learnt that Harbin is called “the Oriental Moscow” and that many Russians settled there to help build the railway over 100 years ago.Q2: What are the benefits and challenges of cultural diversity ?The benefits: People are able to experience a wide variety of cultures, making their lives more interesting, and it can deepen the feelings for our national culture, it is also helpful for us to learn about other outstanding culture, which helps improve the ability to respect others. The challenges: People may have trouble communicating or understanding each other, and it may lead to disappearance of some civilizations and even make some people think “The western moon is rounder than his own.”Step 7 Post reading---RetellComplete the passage according to the text.Today, I arrived back in San Francisco, and it feels good (1) _____(be) back in the city again. The city succeeded in (2)_________ (rebuild) itself after the earthquake that (3)________ (occur) in 1906, and I stayed in the Mission District, enjoying some delicious noodles mixed with cultures. In the afternoon, I headed to a local museum (4)____ showed the historical changes in California. During the gold rush, many Chinese arrived, and some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown to earn a (5)_____ (live). Many others worked on (6)______ (farm), joined the gold rush, or went to build the railway that connected California to the east. The museum showed us (7)____ America was built by immigrants from (8)________ (difference) countries and cultures. In the evening, I went to Chinatown, and ate in a Cantonese restaurant that served food on (9)________(beauty) china plates. Tomorrow evening, I’m going to (10)__ jazz bar in the Richmond District. 答案：1. to be 2. rebuilding 3. occurred 4. that 5.living6. farms 7.how 8. different 9. beautiful 10. a
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Discovering Useful Structure教学设计
The theme of the section is “Describe space facts and efforts to explore space”. Infinitives are one of non-finite verbs, as the subjects, objects, predicative, attributes and adverbials. This unit is about space exploration, which is a significant scientific activity, so every scientific activity has strong planning. Therefore, using the infinitives to show its purpose, explanations or restrictions is the best choice.1. Learn the structure, functions and features of infinitives.2. Learn to summarize some rules about infinitives to show purpose and modify.3. Learn to use infinitives in oral and writing English. 1. Learn the structure, functions and features of infinitives.2. Learn to summarize some rules about infinitives to show purpose and modify.3. Learn to use use infinitives in oral and writing English.Step 1 Lead in---Pair workLook at the following sentences and focus on the italicized infinitives. In pairs, discuss their functions. 1. I trained for a long time to fly airplanes as a fighter pilot..(作目的状语)2. As we all know, an astronaut needs to be healthy and calm in order to work in space..(作目的状语)3. First of all, you must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree..(作目的状语)4. Some scientist were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space..(作定语)5. On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space..(作定语)Summary:1. 不定式的结构：to+do原形。2. 分析上面的句子，我们知道在描述太空探索时，动词不定式不仅可以用来表目的，还可以用来作定语，表修饰。
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Reading and Thinking教学设计二
The theme of this unit focuses on “space exploration.” Students will learn about the training and experience needed to become an astronaut. The text is mainly about the development of space exploration. On the one hand, the text helps students to have a good understanding about the great feats humans have achieved, on the other hand, they will further understand the contributions that we Chinese have achieved, and feel confident and proud about our homeland and strengthen their love for our country. The teacher should instruct students to aim high and study harder to make great progress in the space career if possible.1. Read about the development and value of space exploration.2. Explore the mysteries of the universe and the achievements in space exploration.3. Skillfully use the vocabulary of this text to cultivate self-study ability 4. Develop cooperative learning ability through discussion.1. Enable the Ss to talk about the development and value of space exploration.2. Guide the Ss to summarize the main idea of each paragraph as well as the main idea of the text.3. Help Ss comprehend the main reasons for space exploration. Multi-media, textbook, notebooks.Step 1: Warming up and predictionLook at the title and the pictures of the text and predict what the text will be about?2. What are the main reasons for space exploration?
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Reading and Thinking教学设计一
Q4: What is the function of the International exploration ?Having astronauts from different countries on boardQ5: What can you learn from Para 4 ?China has made great achievements in exploring spaceQ6: What is the attitude to the space exploration ?SupportiveStep 6 Post reading---RetellPeople have always wanted to learn more about space. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt (1)_________ (travel) into space was an impossible dream. However, (2)____ the help of scientists, peoplesucceeded in realizing their dream (3) _________ (explore) space. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite (4) ____________(launch) by the USSR. (5) ________________ scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen. These disasters made everyone(6)___________(disappoint), but people still believe in the importance of (7) ________(carry) on space exploration. In 2003, China became the third country to (8)_____________ (independent) send humans into space. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed (9)____ second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk. In spite of the difficulties, scientists hope future (10)__________ (discovery) will not only enable us to understand the universe but also help us survive well into the future.Answers: 1. travelling 2. with 3. to explore 4. was launched 5. Although6. disappointed 7. carrying 8. independently 9. a 10. discoveriesStep 6 Post reading---Critical thinkingQ1: What do you think of the space exploration ? I think it is beneficial to us. Through further study of space, people will make full use of it in the future, such as the space experiments by Wang Yaping in Tian Gong 1.Q2: If you are determined to be an astronaut, what should you prepare at present ?First of all, I should study hard to get a related college degree. Besides, I must keep mental and physical healthy.Step 7. HomeworkTry to summarize the structure of the article by a mind map.
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Reading For Writing教学设计一
另一方面，其余的人反对这个计划，因为它可能会导致一些不好的影响。7.I hold the belief that space exploration not only enable us to understand how the universe began but also help us survived well into the future.我坚信探索太空不仅能够使我们了解宇宙的起源而且能够帮助我们更好地走进未来。8.I think we should spend more time and money exploring space so as to provide new and better solutions to people's shortterm and longterm problems.为了给人类的短期和长期问题提供更新和更好的解决方法，我认为我们应该花更多的时间和金钱来探索太空。9．From my point of view，it is wrong of young people to depend on their telephones too much，which may do harm to both their physical and mental health.在我看来，年轻人过度依赖手机是不对的，因为它们可能会对他们的身心健康都有害。最近你班同学就“人类是否应该进行宇宙探索”这个问题进行了激烈的讨论。有人认为，探索宇宙不仅让人类更好地了解宇宙的发展，还可以用来指导农业生产，以及把一些探索太空的高新技术用于现实生活；也有一些人认为探索太空花掉了大量的人力物力；影响了人们的生活水平。请你根据以下情况写一篇报告并发表自己的观点。注意：1.写作内容应包括以上全部要点，可适当发挥，使上下文连贯；
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 5 The Value of Money-Listening &Speaking＆Talking教学设计
4. A：We’d like to have someone to say a word at the beginning to welcome the group.B：↙Who?A：We thought that you or Dr.Johnson might do it.B用降调说Who，其意思是问，对方想让谁在开场时致欢迎词。Step 6 Pronunciation---Practice1. Listen to the short conversation and mark the intonation with ↗, ↙ or ↙, ↗. Then discuss with a partner what they intend to convey by using different intonation.Owner: You know what ?↗ It’s a million-pound bank note↙.Waiter 1: Really ?↗(question)Waiter 2: Really !↙(unbelievable and surprised)Waiter 3: Really ?!↙↗(first question then surprised)2. Listen to the conversations. Underline the parts that are stressed and mark the intonation. Then talk about the implied meanings of the responses with different intonations. Listen again and repeat.1) Henry: It’s a nice suit.Owner: Oh, it’s perfect!↙(The intonation means it is very suitable for Henry.)2) Henry: Well, that’s very kind of you.Owner: Kind, sir ?↗(what you said is not right) No, it’s kind of you. You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like. Just having you sit here is a great honour !!↙(welcome you to come again)3)Henry:Well, to be honest, I have none. Oliver:(happily) What luck!(excited) Brother↗, what luck!↙(It means “Didn’t you hear it?”)Henry: Well, it may seem lucky to you but not to me!↗(angry) If this is your idea of some kind of joke, I don’t think it’s very funny. Now if you’ll excuse me, I ought to be on my way.↙(If so, I would leave.)Roderick: Please don’t go↙...(hope Henry can wait for a moment)Part B Viewing and Talking---Describe people’s changing attitudes in a film clipStep 1 Before-listening---Tell the filmYou are going to watch part of the film The Million Pound Bank Note. Look at these photos and guess what happens in the film.
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 5 The value of money-Reading and Thinking教学设计二
? Could you offer me some kind of work here?? I don’t want your charity, I just want an honest job.? Careless: I landed in Britain by accident.Step 7:Consolidation.? Find Henry? Roderick and Oliver were I .making a bet when they saw Henry, a poor young man. ? Know Henry? About a month ago, Henry was sailing and later he found himself carried out to sea by a strong wind. Fortunately, he 2.was spotted by a ship. And it was the ship that brought him to 3.England? Offer money to Henry ? Oliver and Roderick gave Henry a letter and told him that there was money in it. They 4.persuaded him to accept it, and made him 5.promise that it wouldn't be opened until 2 o'clock.Step 8：Language pointsa large amount of: a large quantity of; a great deal ofe.g. They bought a large amount of furniture before they moved their new house.make a bet: make an arrangement to risk money, etc. on an event of which the result is doubtful.e.g. We made a bet on the result of the match.permit sb to do something: allow somebody to do somethinge.g. My mother doesn’t permit me to ride in the street after it rained.by accident: as a result of chancee.g. I only found it by accident.stare at: look at somebody or something with the eyes wide open in a fixed gaze( in astonishment, wonder, fear, etc)to be honest: to tell you the truth; to be franke.g. To be honest, I don’t think we have a chance of winning.Step7 Homework:What do you think will happen to Henry? Will the bank-note help him or get him into trouble?
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 5 The Value of Money-Reading for Writing教学设计二
2. 您能看到, 我头发太长了。You can see that my hair is much too long.3. 无论什么时候, 只要您想回来就回来。Please come back whenever you want.4. 您仅有很少的头发要理! You only have too little hair to cut !5. 为您服务是我的荣幸！It is my honour to serve you!Step 9 Writing(Henry is walking down the street when he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to have it cut. )H=Henry B=BarberH: Good afternoon, I’d like to have my hair cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry’s hair and continues cutting another man’s hair. ) Er, I’d really like a haircut. As you can see it’s much too long. B: (in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H: Fine, well, I’ll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber’s chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B: It’s quite expensive here, you know! Are you sure you can afford it?H: Yes. I think so. (After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B: Why Mr. . . (looks shocked)H: Adams. Henry Adams. I’m sorry. I don’t have any change. B: Please don’t worry! (wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about! Nothing at all! Please come back whenever you want, even if you only have too little hair to cut! It will be my honour to serve you!Step 10 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Are all the elements of a play included and in good order ?2. Do the character use suitable language ?3. Are the stage directions clear and useful ?4. Is the plot clear and exciting enough ?
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 5 the value of money-Reading For Writing教学设计一
【参考范文】Narrator：(Henry is smiling as he leaves the restaurant. As he is walking down the street, he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to get it cut. )H＝Henry；B＝Barber；R＝rude manH：Good afternoon, I'd like to get a cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry's hair and continues cutting another man's hair. )Er, I'd really like a haircut. As you can see it's much too long. B：(in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H：Fine, well I'll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber's chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B：It's quite expensive here, you know！Are you sure you can afford it?H：Yes. I think so. (In comes the rude man. )R：Hey you there. I need a haircut quickly. Can you do me straightaway?B：All right, then, get in the chair and I'll see what I can do. R：Thank you. (sits down in one of the barber's chairs)H：Excuse me, but I was here first. Aren't you going to do my hair first?B：This man's in a hurry. H：Well so am I！I insist that you cut my hair first. B：OK, but I'll have to be quick. This gentleman is waiting. H：Thank you. (They both become quiet. After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B：Why, Mr . . . (looks shocked)H：Adams. Henry Adams. I'm sorry, I don't have any change. R：You're that Mr Adams! Well，I'm glad I waited or I might never have known it was you. B：Why, Mr Adams, please don't worry！(wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about！Nothing at all!Please come back any time, even if you only need too little hairs cut！It will be my honour to serve you!
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 1 Science and Scientists-Discovering useful structures教学设计
The grammatical structure of this unit is predicative clause. Like object clause and subject clause, predicative clause is one of Nominal Clauses. The leading words of predicative clauses are that, what, how, what, where, as if, because, etc.The design of teaching activities aims to guide students to perceive the structural features of predicative clauses and think about their ideographic functions. Beyond that, students should be guided to use this grammar in the context apporpriately and flexibly.1. Enable the Ss to master the usage of the predicative clauses in this unit.2. Enable the Ss to use the predicative patterns flexibly.3. Train the Ss to apply some skills by doing the relevant exercises.1.Guide students to perceive the structural features of predicative clauses and think about their ideographic functions.2.Strengthen students' ability of using predicative clauses in context, but also cultivate their ability of text analysis and logical reasoning competence.Step1: Underline all the examples in the reading passage, where noun clauses are used as the predicative. Then state their meaning and functions.1) One theory was that bad air caused the disease.2) Another theory was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.3) The truth was that the water from the Broad Street had been infected by waste.Sum up the rules of grammar:1. 以上黑体部分在句中作表语。2. 句1、2、3中的that在从句中不作成分，只起连接作用。 Step2: Review the basic components of predicative clauses1.Definition
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 1 Science and Scientists-Learning about Language教学设计
Step 7: complete the discourse according to the grammar rules.Cholera used to be one of the most 1.__________ (fear) diseases in the world. In the early 19th century, _2_________ an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died. But neither its cause, 3__________ its cure was understood. A British doctor, John Snow, wanted to solve the problem and he knew that cholera would not be controlled _4_________ its cause was found. In general, there were two contradictory theories 5 __________ explained how cholera spread. The first suggested that bad air caused the disease. The second was that cholera was caused by an _6_________(infect) from germs in food or water. John Snow thought that the second theory was correct but he needed proof. So when another outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, he began to investigate. Later, with all the evidence he _7_________ (gather), John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Therefore, he had the handle of the pump _8_________ (remove) so that it couldn't be used. Through his intervention，the disease was stopped in its tracks. What is more, John Snow found that some companies sold water from the River Thames that __9__________________ (pollute) by raw waste. The people who drank this water were much more likely _10_________ (get) cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water. Through John Snow's efforts, the _11_________ (threaten) of cholera around the world saw a substantial increase. Keys： 1.feared 2.when 3. nor 4.unless 5.that/which 6.infection 7.had gathered 8.removed 9.was polluted 10.to get 11. threat
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 2 Bridging Cultures-Discovering useful structures教学设计
The grammar of this unit is designed to review noun clauses. Sentences that use nouns in a sentence are called noun clauses. Nominal clauses can act as subject, object, predicate, appositive and other components in compound sentences. According to the above-mentioned different grammatical functions, nominal clauses are divided into subject clause, object clause, predicate clause and appositive clause. In this unit, we will review the three kinds of nominal clauses. Appositive clauses are not required to be mastered in the optional compulsory stage, so they are not involved.1. Guide the students to judge the compound sentences and determine the composition of the clauses in the sentence.2. Instruct students to try to learn grammar by generalizing grammar rules, controlling written practice, and semi-open oral output.3. Inspire the students to systematize the function and usage of noun clause1.Instruct students to try to learn grammar by generalizing grammar rules, controlling written practice, and semi-open oral output.2.Inspire the students to systematize the function and usage of noun clauseStep1: The teacher ask studetns to find out more nominal clauses from the reading passage and udnerline the nominal clauses.
人教版高中地理必修1第三章第三节水资源的合理利用教案
5、请列举开源的措施。（包括合理开发和提取地下水；修筑水库；开渠引水实行跨流域调水；海水淡化；人工增雨等。6、开源“五水”歌：开发地下水、蓄积洪水，跨流域调水，淡水海水，人增雨水。能马上背出来吗？7、请列举节流的措施。（包括加强宣传教育，提高公民节水意识；重视改进农业灌溉技术，提高工业用水的重复利用率等。）8、水资源时刻影响着我们的生存和发展，尽管我们已经学习了关于如何合理利用水资源的知识，但关键还是要研究问题和解决问题，面对复杂的生活环境，具体问题要具体分析，看课本70页“活动”，请小组派代表回答问题。提示：（1）西北地区的水资源供给，从可持续发展的角度，解决水资源的供求矛盾应体现在：控制人口数量，减少用水规模；发展节水农业；保护生态环境，退耕还林还草。（2）我国缺水问题，谈谈看法：通过电视、报纸杂志、互联网收集有关水资源的资料；确定综合思维、立体思维的方法，全面多角度地寻找解决缺水的对策。
人教版高中地理必修1第三章第一节自然界的水循环教案
浅层地下水是贮存于地表松散堆积物中的潜水。主要受降水、气温、蒸发等气象因素影响，有明显的季节变化与日变化，并与河水有相应补给关系，即河水高于潜水面时，河水补给地下水，反之地下水补给河流；深层地下水是长时间内渗入地下深入储存起来的，它缓慢地流出补给河流，受气象因素影响很小，通常只有年变化，季节变化已不明显。当然，一条河流的河水补给来源往往不是单一的，而是以某一种形式为主的混合补给形式，对流域自然条件复杂的大的河流来说尤其如此。我国长江上游地区除雨水、地下水外，高原高山上冰川、积雪在夏季融化也补给河流；东北地区的河流，由春季融化积雪补给，夏季则由雨水和地下水补给；西北内陆盆地除雨水外，夏季高山冰川、积雪融化成为河流的主要补给形式。我国季风地区，大部分河流以雨水补给为主，而冬季则由地下水补给。
人教版高中地理必修1第四章第三节河流地貌的发育教案
1．流水堆积地貌由于河床坡度降低，导致流速减小 ，或者其他原因，引起河流搬运能力降低，促使沉积发生，形成堆积地貌。常见的河流堆积地貌主要有以下几种：(1)冲积扇平原冲积扇是河流出山口处的扇形堆积体。河流出 山口后，比降显著减小，水流又分成许多交汉，成扇状向外流动，河流能量显著降低，大量物质堆积下来，又有利于河流改道。随着各支汊的不断堆积和变迁，就形成冲积扇。冲积扇的物质结构，一般是顶部物质较粗，主要为沙、砾 ，随着水流搬运能力向边缘减弱，堆积的物质逐渐变细，边缘一般多为沙、粉沙及亚粘土，分选性较好，所以冲积扇是较好的含水层，边缘常有泉水出 露，可发展自流灌 溉。若山地河谷随山地间歇抬升，也可形成叠置冲积扇。(2)河漫滩平原河漫滩平原发源于河流中下游。在河流中下游地区，河流下蚀作用减弱，侧蚀作用加强，河流往往凹岸侵蚀，在凸岸堆积形成水下堆积体。堆积体 的面积逐渐扩大，在枯水季节露出水面，形成河漫滩(见下图)。
人教版高中地理必修1第一章第二节太阳对地球的影响教案
一、知识和技能1．使学生能够正确认识太阳的基本特征及其外部结构；2．了解太阳能量的来源，理解太阳是地球的主要能量源；3．了解太阳活动（主要是黑子和耀斑）对地球的影响。二、过程和方法1．能通过展示的图片理解太阳活动增强时会使地球无线电短波通讯受干扰及产生磁暴现象的原因。2.通过对各种资料的观察以及课前室外的观测，培养学生获取地理信息的能力和分析、判断、推理等逻辑思维能力三、情感、态度、价值观培养学生树立正确的人地观、科学的宇宙观，和热爱科学勇于探索的精神【教学重点】1.知道太阳辐射对地球的影响； 2.知道太阳活动对地球的影响；3.太阳的外部结构和能量来源【教学难点】太阳活动（黑子和耀斑）对地球的影响
人教版高中地理必修1第一章第四节地球的图层结构教案
一、知识和技能1．使学生了解地球的圈层构造，初步掌握地球内部圈层的组成和划分依据2．使学生了解各内部圈层的界限、厚度、物理性状等。二、过程和方法1．使学生了解研究地球内部构造的方法，从而认识人类对未知事物所进行的探索实践，激发同学们学科学、爱科学的兴趣及责任感。2．了解地球内部圈层划分实况及各层主要特点，从宏观上认识全球的整体面貌，形成地球系统观念。3．通过归纳、总结、对比地球内部各层的特点，对学生进行综合归纳等思维能力的培养和训练。三、情感、态度、价值观通过学习对学生进行热爱自然、热爱科学的教育，鼓励学生献身于科学教育事业。【教学重点】1．地震波的波速及传播特点，区别横波与纵波。2．地球内部圈层划分实况及各层主要特点，特别是地壳的特点。3．岩石圈概念，软流层知识。
人教版高中地理必修2以种植业为主的农业地域类型精品教案
知识与技能：掌握亚洲水稻种植业和商品谷物农业两种农业生产地域类型的特点；以及这种农业地域类型产生的自然、社会、经济原因。学习农业区位因素分析的方法，分析农业地域类型的主导因素；过程与方法:1.结合文字资料与图示资料的阅读，初步掌握提取地理信息的基本方法；2.利用案例完成知识的学习与应用分析。情感态度价值观：1、理解世界和我国粮食问题的重要性；2、初步形成农业的可持续发展观念。二、教学重点1.利用农业区位因素分析的方法，学习水稻种植业和商品谷物农业的特点；2.对比水稻种植业和商品谷物农业两种农业生产地域类型，理解在农业地域类型形成的过程中，各个农业区位因素对其发展的影响。三、教学难点1.学习农业区位因素分析的方法，分析形成农业地域类型的主导因素；2.结合文字资料与图示资料的阅读，初步掌握提取地理信息的基本方法。
人教版高中地理必修2如何看待农民工现象精品教案
尽管如此，农民工作为一个新的社会阶层，其独特的经济需求和政治诉求应该得到充分的尊重。虽然农民工的“根”还在农村，但是他们已经脱胎换骨，日益成长为一个迫切需要社会认可的新兴阶层。3.农民工处于何种生存境况？作为“廉价劳动力”，工资水平低，拖欠时有发生。作为“超时劳动力”，工作时间极长，超负荷从事繁重工作。作为“高危劳动力”，社会保障缺失，各种安全事故频繁。4.农民工问题有多么重要？农民工问题关系到农业增效、农民增收和农村繁荣。农民工问题关系到工业化、城镇化和“以工补农、以城促乡”。农民工问题关系到社会主义和谐社会建设。5.解决农民工问题应该做些什么？构建城乡一体化就业体系。健全农民工权益保障制度。强化农民工输出地和输入地培训。稳妥解决农民工户籍问题。改进对农民工的管理和服务。
人教版高中地理必修3地理环境对区域发展的影响教案
(1)下面列出的是我国南北方传统民居的差异，分析形成这些差异的自然原因：——北方民居正南正北的方位观比南方强；——北方民居的墙体严实厚重，南方民居的墙体轻薄；——从北到南，民居的屋顶坡度逐渐增大，房檐逐渐加宽，房屋进深和高度逐渐加大。(2)下面列出的是我国南北方城市住宅搂的差异，分析导致这些差异的自然原因：——如果不考虑地价、建筑材料等因素，建同等面积的住房，北方的建筑成本比南方高 ；——建同样高度的多幢楼房，北方楼房的南北间距比南方大。点拨：本活动要求学生了解由于地理环境的差异造成南北方建筑物特点的不同，并由此认识地理环境 差异对人们生活的影响。（1）比较而言，北方的冬季寒冷而漫长，南方的夏季湿热而漫长。为了在冬季充分利用太阳光照和热量，北方民居正南正北的方位观比南方强。北方民居的墙体严实厚重，利用在冬季保温御寒；南方民居的墙体轻薄，利于在夏季通风透气。从北到南，年降水量逐渐增大，民居的屋顶坡度也逐渐增大（利于排水） ；随着对保温要求的降低和对通风纳凉要求的提高，民居的屋檐逐渐加宽，房屋进深和高度逐渐加大。
