《湖心亭看雪》是一篇审美型古文,其具体体现在文中的雪景和“痴”情的部分。尤其是文中“雾凇沆砀,天与云与山与水,上下一白,湖上影子,惟长堤一痕、湖心亭一点、与余舟一芥、舟中人两三粒而已”这文学作品中白描的经典之句,从整体到局部,由大到小,由远到近,实写与虚写交融,写出了作者视野的开阔,天地的空旷,人物的渺小,给人一种天地之大、人物之小、人于茫茫天地间如沧海一粟的深沉感慨。如此,给学生的审美和鉴赏提供了另外一种全新的方向:突出主体、不求细致、朴实无华。这种白描写法,可使景物描写的内涵更丰富,更能使情节发展和人物性格变化融合到环境中,使语言更有嚼头。白描用于写人,只需三言两语即可勾画出人物的外貌和神态,使读者如见其人,能洞穿人物骨髓,由貌触及本质、灵魂;能传神表达人物内心,展现情操品质;能使人物内心情感的表露更准确。这样的审美能力对学生创造更有真情实感的作品有更深远的影响。[疑难探究]
单元分析单元目标: Talk about what people are doing 单元主要句型:1.What are you doing ?I’m doing my homework .2.Do you want to go swimming ?Yes , I do .3.When do you want to go ?At three o’clock .4.What is he doing ?He is watching TV. 单元词汇:watching , doing , eating , cleaning , playing , reading , swimming , shopping , pool ,school , mall , library , wait , talk to , talk about , activity , camero , bird 重点、难点:1.be动词am , is , are的用法;be动词前面我们已经学过,这一单元主要是与分词一起构成现在进行时态,即be (am , is , are)+V-ing,表示正在干什么。它主要是随主语人称的变化而选择不同的。2..现在进行时态上面我们讲be (am , is , are) 时已提及进行时态,其句子的构成情况我们通过下面的两个表格中的问句、答句来具体体现:3.现在分词的构成现在进行时态中be + V - ing 的构成中V-ing被称为现在分词,它的基本构成是动词原形+ing,但也有些特殊情况,下面分几类说明:(1)一般情况+ing如:read→reading,go→going,do→doing,look→looking,listen→listening,watch→watching.(2)以不发音的e结尾的词,去掉e,再加ing.如:write→writing,skate→skating,type→typing,wake→waking,make→making
3.小组合作,交流阅读体会,填写阅读任务卡4.师点评并展示优秀的阅读任务卡【设计意图】本环节侧重寻找《朝花夕拾》中表现鲁迅先生儿童教育观念的地方,通过细节审视,深入体会鲁迅先生对于儿童教育观念的独特认识和深切关怀。在这轻松而有感染力的文字里,我们能真切地感受到鲁迅先生对儿童教育的切身感受。联系现实,让学生对鲁迅先生的儿童教育观的现实意义也有强烈的认同感,从而理解鲁迅先生,理解文本里的情感,拉近与文本的距离。三、汇报探究成果,评选优秀学生1.各小组内汇总专题探究阅读任务卡2.各小组内不记名投票,评选出最优秀的阅读任务卡3.师汇总各小组最优秀的阅读任务卡,在全班展示4.评选优秀汇报者针对最优秀的阅读任务卡和各小组汇报情况,全班填写“《朝花夕拾》阅读汇报评价表”,评选出三位阅读任务卡优秀制作者和一名优秀专题汇报者。课件出示:
(1)Have you ever been to …? Yes, I have. / Yes, I have ever been to …No, I haven’t. / No, I have never been to …(2)When did you go there? I went there last year. (3)I have never been to a water park. Neither have I. I have ever been to an amusement park. So have I. (4)How long have you been studying English? I’ve been studying English since nine o’clock. I’ve been studying English since I came back home. I’ve been studying English for five hours. (5)What’s that? It’s an amusement park in Japan. I’ve never been to an amusement park like it before. It’s fun to learn another language. Let’s go tonight. Isn’t this great?space museum, amusement park, water park, South America, Peru, Holland, European culture, tour guide, flight attendant, musical instrument, more than, be from, get to, take lessons, neither, discover, graduate, change
区分宾语从句、定于从句和状语从句宾语从句和状语从句,都叫做主从复合句。宾语从句主要是中考必考的,是初中阶段必掌握的从句,宾语从句主要是掌握三要素,所谓宾语从句,就是宾语在主从复合句当中充当宾语的一个句子,叫做宾语从句。主句的谓语动词是及物动词,后面如果是词或者是短语的话,是简单句,如果是句子的话,肯定是宾语从句。I know that he good at English.就是宾语从句,三要素,一要素是要注意连词,连词一共学了三类连词,一类连词是that口语当中可以省略,就像刚才说的那一句,I hear he is good at English.还有疑问代词、疑问副词,how where when,疑问代词、疑问副词。还有一类连词weather是否的意思,不是状语从句当中的如果,这一定要和如果区分开,这是是否。I don't know if he interested at English。宾语从句要注意if是连词。第二要素是语序,要用陈述举语序。比如说你家有几口人,我们都说How many people are there in you family?但是这是简单句,一旦说成宾语从句,你可以告诉我你家有几口人吗?Could you tell me how many people there are in you family ?
"Hello! Welcome to English class! Introduce yourself. Meet your new classmates." That's what the teacher says. What do you say? "Oh no!" It can be difficult talking to new people. But it can be fun, and you can make friends. How do you do it? Make small talk. Small talk is polite conversation. "Wang Nan is a great pingpang player, isn't she?" "I'd love to meet her, wouldn't you?" "It's been raining a lot, hasn't it?" Tag questions are a form of polite speech. To make small talk successfully, you should know how to make them. You should also know what topics to talk about. Try to learn this unit carefully. The next time you're in English class, you'll find out. Making small talk's easy, isn't it? (“你好!欢迎你!请做一下自我介绍。认识一下你的新同学。”通常在课上老师会这样说。你会说什么呢?“噢,不!”与陌生人谈话太困难了。但是这也很有意思,并且你还能交到朋友。你该怎么做呢?闲聊。闲聊指得是礼貌的对话。“王楠是一个很棒的乒乓球运动员,不是吗?”“我希望自己能认识她,你呢?“今年的雨水很多,不是吗?”反意疑问句是一种礼貌用语。为了使得谈话成功,你应该知道怎样去进行闲聊。你还应该知道与不同的人该谈论什么样的话题。认真的学习这个单元吧,下次在英语课上,你会发现与大家展开谈话是一件很容易的事情,不信我们来试试。)
This activity introduces some new vocabulary and provide oral practice using the target language.Task 1 . Ask four students to stand in front of the class, and the teacher asks them the following questions as a reporter.1.What are you going to do when you grow up?2.What are you going to do next week?3.What are going to do after school?The students will give different answers, then ask a good student to report what they said.I am going to e a doctor.What did she say?----------She said she was going to be a doctor.I am going to have a party on Friday night.What did he say?-------He said he was going to have a party on Friday night.I am going to do my homework.What did she say ?------ She said she was going to do her homework.I am going home after school.What did she say?-----She said she was going home after school.Say In this unit we are going to learn to use words like to report what someone said.Task 2. Read the instructions. Then ask a student to read the four questions. And write the words on the Bb. Explain what soap opera is.Task 3. Ask the students to Look at the pictures, point out the TV screens in the picture. Ask one girl to read what Marcia said.What did Marcia say? She said She said she was having a surprise party for Lana on Friday night. Repeat the other pictures in the same way.Activity3. Listen and number the pictures in activity 1a.
(一).知识方面: 1.培养学生能运用过去进行时来描述、谈论过去某个时间正在发生的事情或动作的意识和能力,能就过去某个时间正在发生的动作做出正确的描述。 2.培养学生的想象力和角色扮演的合作能力。 3.培养学生讲述过去发生的事情经过的能力。能正确运用一般过去时来讲述故事。 (二).技能方面: 1.本单元的语言目标是Talk about past events and tell a story(谈论过去的时间和讲述一个故事),围绕这一目标,要涉及句型: What were you doing when the UFO arrived? ----I was sitting in the barber’s chair. The barber was cutting my hair. 因此必须学习standing、studying、cleaning、sleeping、cooking、making、eating、cutting、等表示地点的词,以便为上述句型提供语言材料。2.学习过去进行时的有关知识。Was/were+现在分词,是该时态的表达式。 3.在学习过程中,要区分The boy was walking down the street when the UFO landed.和While the boy was walking down the street, the UFO landed.这两种由when和while引导的状语从句的句型结构。注意它们的不同。
教师带领学生复习有关描述宠物的词汇,采用教师提问学生回答的方进行。如:T:What animals do you think would be good pets?What animals do you think would be bad pets?What do you think are good animals for a six-year-old child?然后学生进行 pairwork 练习。Task two: 师生互动,学习探究 1、播放3a部分的录音,引导学生一边听录音,一边跟读。2、通过听录音学生回答以下问题:Why do you think pot-bellied pigs are popular?What are the advantages and disadvantages of keeping such a pet?教师对学生的回答进行及时点评。3.学习范文,学习重点短语,为下步的模仿写作提供语言素材。T :1. )Have you ever kept a pig as a pet?Do you like pigs? St.:No.…Why don’t you like to keep a pig? St: No.They’re too dirty and lazy(Do you know in some foreign countries like Hollyland, Australia,pigs are the most popular pet.there’s a kind of pig.(图)it has an interesting name? it ‘s called a pot-bellied pig.) Now,let’s learn an article about this kind of interesting pet.2.)play the tapeSt.:Listen and repeat3.)show some Qs on computer(本子St.: read silently,then answerthe Qs(本子)4.)Ask ss. Close book and retell this passage.(what is a pot-bellied pig? Is it a good or bad pet? ) St.: retell it to each other“A pot –bellied pig is a popular pet now…”5.read the article together.St.:.practice reading
Step 4. Group work (4)1. Ask a pair of students to read the dialogue. Say, This activity provides speaking, listening and writing practice using the target language.2. Ask students to complete the work in groups.3. Check the answers with the whole class. 4. Explain some of the language points. Step 5. Word review (Self check 1)1. Ask students to read the words and the phrases given. 2. Fill in the blanks with proper forms of these words to complete the sentences. 3. Check the answers with the whole class. Homework:Do activity 2 on page 57 after class. Period 6Teaching aims: 1. Teach vocabulary words and the useful expressions. 2. Enable the students to learn etiquette in different culture. 3. Help the students learn how to behave politely in public places and in daily life. Teaching procedures:Step 1. RevisionHelp students to review the function of making requests through a free talk. Then lead them to the topic of etiquette. Explain the meaning of etiquette. Or, ask students to look it up in the dictionary. Step 2. Pre-reading (Section 1)1. Ask students to read the picture and make a list with their partner about how many rules of etiquette can be seen being broken.
说明:在帮Li Lei提建议的同时,教育学生如何学好英语。第三课时教学目标1. 语言目标:a) 词汇: Original, in style, haircut, the same as.b) 语言结构:My friend wears the same clothes and has the same haircut as I do.2. 能力目标:大多数学生能够谈论自己喜欢哪种服装,提高查找信息的能力。3. 情感目标:学会如何与朋友相处,要有自己对时尚的看法。教学重点掌握一些重要词汇。教学难点学会谈论问题,并能提出书面建议。◆教学突破首先针对Erin的问题,提出个人的建议,模仿2c部分的对话展开双人交际Pair-work;听老师诵读3a部分的信件,并找出LEFT OUT的问题所在;学生完成3b部分的内容,给Left Out提出书面的建议;学以口头形式提出自己目前存在的某个问题,讲给大家听,让同学们给自己提出一个建议,并作笔录;学生两、三个人分成一组,随意性地进行口语交际,谈论P14的第4部分的某个问题,相互交换意见。
Step Ⅱ Show the new words on the screen and teach the new words. Read the new words to students and ask them to repeat.Step Ⅲ 3aThis activity introduces new vocabulary and provides reading practice using the target language.In this activity first look at the four pictures.T: What can you see in the pictures?Ss: Four snow globes.T: Right. There are four snow globes in the pictures. And what are they?Ss: They are a monster, two polar bears, two penguins and a birthday cake.Write these words on the blackboard: snow globe; monster; polar bear; penguin and birthday cake. Read them to the class and ask students to repeat each one. Make sure students understand each word.Use a computer to show the E-mail message on the screen and read the message to students.Get students to read the e-mail on their own, and then draw lines connecting each snow globe and its description.Correct the answers.AnswersA line should connect each snow globe picture with the words that describe it in the letter.Step Ⅳ 3bThis activity provides writing practice using the target language.First review Activity 2a on Page 47.Then ask students to complete the message according to Activity 2a.Some partial sentences are given to students. Write about one person's collection.When students work, walk around the room checking the progress and offering help as needed.When they finish, ask some students to read their messages to the class.
(1)思考:作者是按什么顺序写的?写了哪些内容?明确:作者是按事情发展的先后顺序来写的。首先描述了一望无际的草原美景,使人感受到了一种境界美;接着又展示了主人欢迎远方客人的隆重场面;最后把酒话别,用“蒙汉情深何忍别,天涯碧草话斜阳”来收束全文。(板书:初到草原——远迎客人——热情相见——盛情款待——联欢话别)作者笔下的草原给你留下了什么印象?(学生讨论、交流自己的印象,可与读此文之前对草原的印象进行对比并探讨。)
1.会写8个生字。能正确读写词语表中的词语。2.朗读课文,能借助文中语言文字的描述展开想象,感受草原之美。(重点)3.能体会在写景中融入感受的好处。4.背诵第1自然段。一、谈话引入,创设情境(播放关于草原的歌曲)同学们,听了这首歌你们是不是有一种置身于草原的感觉呢?谁能谈一谈你心中的草原?(课件出示相关图片,自由交流)当老舍先生第一次来到内蒙古大草原时,他看到的是一番怎样的情景呢?现在我们就随着老舍先生一起到美丽的草原去看一看。(板书课题:草原)
【教学提示】教师可以示范分析其中两个意象,注意引导学生把握普通事物之所以形成诗歌意象的原因,领悟诗歌意象的内蕴意义。3.诗人在诗中运用了许多表修饰、限制的形容词和数量词,它们有什么特点?它们共同突出了诗歌中四个意象的什么特征?请你简要说说它们在诗歌中的表达效果。明确:“一枚”“一张”“一方”“一湾”四个数量词和“小小的”“窄窄的”“矮矮的”“浅浅的”四个形容词,都是面积小重量轻的词语。然而,邮票虽小,却承载了母子深情;船票虽窄,却联系着夫妻之间浓浓的恋情;矮矮的坟墓,盛不下生死离情之痛;海峡虽浅,隔断的思乡哀愁却是如此之深。这一系列限定修饰词,都反衬了乡愁的浓郁。目标导学四:把握诗歌艺术特征探究:本诗除了在意象选取上颇费心思,在结构艺术上也见出笔力。请同学们说说,本诗还具有哪些令你欣赏的艺术特征。
【分析杨二嫂形象】1.昔日的杨二嫂是怎样的一个形象?明确:昔日被称作“豆腐西施”,“擦着白粉”“终日坐着”,是一个安分守己的妇女形象。2.如今的杨二嫂是怎样的形象?作者是从哪些方面刻画的?明确:“凸颧骨”“薄嘴唇”“圆规”等肖像描写,“尖利的怪声”“大叫”“两手搭在髀间”“贵人眼高”等动作和语言描写,表现出了杨二嫂泼悍、放肆、尖刻的性格特征。讨东西、造谣、塞手套又表现出她的自私、泼悍、爱贪小便宜。探究:作者塑造杨二嫂这一形象有什么作用?杨二嫂的形象是作者“悲哀”的源头吗?明确:杨二嫂的变化说明了辛亥革命后,城镇小市民阶层的贫困化,反映了当时社会经济破产的广度和深度。杨二嫂的变化,是不合理制度下的人性转变,如果说闰土是“精神麻木”的状态让作者觉得“悲哀”,那么杨二嫂便是因为失去真善美的人性而使作者觉得“悲哀”。
提问(1):“引”也是个领字,到底“引”出了哪些英雄人物?他们有什么共性?明确:秦始皇、汉武帝、唐太宗、宋太祖、成吉思汗。他们都是中国历史上杰出的人物,是无数英雄中的佼佼者,都是雄才大略、战功赫赫,对中国历史的发展产生过巨大影响的人。提问(2):对于这样杰出的历史人物,词人用一个字对他们做了总的评价,请找出这个字,并说说这个字所包含的感情。明确:“惜”字。包含的感情:第一,惜中含褒。肯定他们是英雄人物,同时也就肯定了中华民族是一个英雄辈出的伟大民族。第二,委婉地批评了他们缺少文治,文学才华欠缺。第三,他们的不足是时代、阶级局限造成的。第四,表现了作者后来者居上的伟大气概。提问(3):作者对秦皇汉武、唐宗宋祖、成吉思汗的评价有区别吗?从哪里可以看出来?明确:有区别,“略输”“稍逊”二词表现作者对秦皇汉武和唐宗宋祖在文治方面的不足只是略有批评,而“只识”一词则表现出对成吉思汗是一种近乎嘲讽的评价。
目标导学二:再读课文,理解诗意1.品读第一节,思考:第一节包含的意象有哪些?表现了春天大自然的哪些特点?明确:春风、青草。表现了大自然的勃勃生机和美丽生动。2.画出第一节中能表现春风和春草特点的词语,分析它们的表达效果。(可用“以什么修辞或者表现手法表现了什么事物什么特点”的格式来表达)明确:“揉过”“低首”运用拟人的修辞手法,写出了春风吹过草地,小草随风摇曳的情景。“也许远水荡起了一片绿潮”运用比喻的修辞手法,把草地比作“绿潮”,写出了绿草像“潮水”一样涌动,给人带来无限生机和活力。3.品读第二节,思考:第二节紧承第一节哪个词语?第二节描写的意象有哪些?描绘了一幅怎样的画面?明确:紧承第一节的“向晚”。意象:展翅的飞鸟、天边的流云和大地。画面:在黄昏时分,鸟儿在深邃的天空中翱翔,夕阳染红了天边的流云,彩霞铺满天空,也映红了大地。
四、说教学重难点1.默读课文,借助插图,了解课文内容。(重点)2.懂得任何一样东西都是很多很多人共同劳动的成果。(难点)3.通过了解制作过程的不易,使学生明白在生活中要养成勤俭节约的习惯。(难点)五、说教法和学法[说教法]本文故事性强,在教学中我会运用多媒体课件、图片、视频等教学手段引导学生进入课文的故事情节,把自己当成文中的孩子与爸爸进行对话,结合实际生活来理解千人糕的制作过程,达到事半功倍的效果。[说学法]我选择了导读法、谈话法、讨论法来组织教学,指导学生在感悟文章的主旨,理解“千人糕”的制作过程,明白许多东西都是成千上万人共同劳动的成果。
一、说教材《古诗二首》是统编版语文小学二年级下册第六单元的第一篇课文。《晓出净慈寺送林子方》是一首送别诗,作者抓住了那满湖的荷花荷叶作为写作对象,前两句议论,后两句写景,抒发了诗人对西湖美景的赞叹热爱之情。整首诗口语成诗,景色醉人,韵味十足。特别是:“接天莲叶无穷碧,映日荷花别样红”句,意境广阔,给人无尽的喜悦和想象。二、说学情因为学生在课外阅读和积累中已经背诵过大量的古诗,课文中出现的古诗学生早就能背诵了,对描写荷花的这句诗应该比较熟悉了,他们能够也有了一定的学习力了,能够把诗句的意思大概地连起来表述。三、说教学目标1.会认“晓、慈”等12个生字,读准多音字“行”,会写“湖、莲”等8个生字。 2.学习有节奏、有感情地诵读古诗《晓出净慈寺送林子方》,背诵古诗。3.结合画面,理解诗句的意思,品味重点词语的表达效果。4.理解诗歌内容,想象诗歌呈现的画面,体会诗人热爱大自然的情感。5.初步掌握学习古诗的基本方法。