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人教部编版语文八年级下册小石潭记教案
结束语：怀才不遇的柳宗元，他像陶渊明一样“采菊东篱下，悠然见南山”，也像吴均一样“从流飘荡，任意东西”，面对“凄神寒骨，悄怆幽邃”的小石潭，他选择“记之而去”，这其实体现的是柳宗元的人生态度。他有着高贵的灵魂，选择了自己想要的人生。在柳宗元身上，我们看到了古代圣贤在人生困顿之时坚守的济世情怀，那么我们又该如何实现人生的价值呢？这是我们要认真思考的一个人生命题。【设计意图】本环节通过抓住景物特点，帮助学生揣摩分析作者情感，体会寓情于景的特点。并通过插入作者的相关背景，引导学生准确把握作者心情由乐而悲的缘由，依据文本，具体深入而非概念化地理解作者“悲”的由来。三、存储总结1.师小结山水游记的写法（1）合理安排写景方法。如移步换景、定点观察等。（2）细致生动地描绘游览过程中所看到的主要景物，突出其特点。（3）巧妙地运用多种修辞手法、描写手法，使语言生动优美，富于变化。（4）融情于景，情景交融。2.推荐阅读课后阅读“永州八记”中的其他篇目。
人教版高中数学选择性必修二变化率问题教学设计
导语在必修第一册中，我们研究了函数的单调性，并利用函数单调性等知识，定性的研究了一次函数、指数函数、对数函数增长速度的差异，知道“对数增长” 是越来越慢的，“指数爆炸” 比“直线上升” 快得多，进一步的能否精确定量的刻画变化速度的快慢呢，下面我们就来研究这个问题。新知探究问题1 高台跳水运动员的速度高台跳水运动中，运动员在运动过程中的重心相对于水面的高度h(单位：m)与起跳后的时间t(单位：s)存在函数关系h(t)＝－4.9t2＋4.8t＋11.如何描述用运动员从起跳到入水的过程中运动的快慢程度呢？直觉告诉我们，运动员从起跳到入水的过程中，在上升阶段运动的越来越慢，在下降阶段运动的越来越快，我们可以把整个运动时间段分成许多小段，用运动员在每段时间内的平均速度v ?近似的描述它的运动状态。
人教版高中数学选修3离散型随机变量的均值教学设计
对于离散型随机变量，可以由它的概率分布列确定与该随机变量相关事件的概率。但在实际问题中，有时我们更感兴趣的是随机变量的某些数字特征。例如，要了解某班同学在一次数学测验中的总体水平，很重要的是看平均分；要了解某班同学数学成绩是否“两极分化”则需要考察这个班数学成绩的方差。我们还常常希望直接通过数字来反映随机变量的某个方面的特征，最常用的有期望与方差.二、 探究新知探究1.甲乙两名射箭运动员射中目标靶的环数的分布列如下表所示：如何比较他们射箭水平的高低呢？环数X 7 8 9 10甲射中的概率 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4乙射中的概率 0.15 0.25 0.4 0.2类似两组数据的比较,首先比较击中的平均环数,如果平均环数相等，再看稳定性.假设甲射箭n次，射中7环、8环、9环和10环的频率分别为：甲n次射箭射中的平均环数当n足够大时，频率稳定于概率，所以x稳定于7×0.1+8×0.2+9×0.3+10×0.4=9.即甲射中平均环数的稳定值(理论平均值)为9,这个平均值的大小可以反映甲运动员的射箭水平.同理，乙射中环数的平均值为7×0.15+8×0.25+9×0.4+10×0.2=8.65.
人教版高中数学选修3分类变量与列联表教学设计
一、 问题导学前面两节所讨论的变量,如人的身高、树的胸径、树的高度、短跑100m世界纪录和创纪录的时间等,都是数值变量,数值变量的取值为实数.其大小和运算都有实际含义.在现实生活中,人们经常需要回答一定范围内的两种现象或性质之间是否存在关联性或相互影响的问题.例如,就读不同学校是否对学生的成绩有影响,不同班级学生用于体育锻炼的时间是否有差别,吸烟是否会增加患肺癌的风险,等等,本节将要学习的独立性检验方法为我们提供了解决这类问题的方案。在讨论上述问题时,为了表述方便,我们经常会使用一种特殊的随机变量,以区别不同的现象或性质,这类随机变量称为分类变量.分类变量的取值可以用实数表示,例如,学生所在的班级可以用1,2,3等表示,男性、女性可以用1,0表示,等等.在很多时候,这些数值只作为编号使用,并没有通常的大小和运算意义,本节我们主要讨论取值于{0,1}的分类变量的关联性问题.
人教版高中数学选修3一元线性回归模型及其应用教学设计
1.确定研究对象，明确哪个是解释变量，哪个是响应变量；2.由经验确定非线性经验回归方程的模型；3.通过变换，将非线性经验回归模型转化为线性经验回归模型；4.按照公式计算经验回归方程中的参数，得到经验回归方程；5.消去新元，得到非线性经验回归方程；6.得出结果后分析残差图是否有异常 ．跟踪训练1.一只药用昆虫的产卵数y与一定范围内的温度x有关，现收集了6组观测数据列于表中： 经计算得： 线性回归残差的平方和: ∑_(i=1)^6?〖(y_i-(y_i ) ?)〗^2=236,64,e^8.0605≈3167.其中 分别为观测数据中的温度和产卵数，i=1,2,3,4,5,6.(1)若用线性回归模型拟合，求y关于x的回归方程 (精确到0.1）；(2)若用非线性回归模型拟合，求得y关于x回归方程为 且相关指数R2＝0.9522． ①试与(1)中的线性回归模型相比较，用R2说明哪种模型的拟合效果更好 ?②用拟合效果好的模型预测温度为35℃时该种药用昆虫的产卵数.(结果取整数).
人教版高中数学选修3离散型随机变量及其分布列(1)教学设计
4.写出下列随机变量可能取的值，并说明随机变量所取的值表示的随机试验的结果．(1)一个袋中装有8个红球，3个白球，从中任取5个球，其中所含白球的个数为X.(2)一个袋中有5个同样大小的黑球，编号为1,2,3,4,5，从中任取3个球，取出的球的最大号码记为X.(3). 在本例(1)条件下，规定取出一个红球赢2元，而每取出一个白球输1元，以ξ表示赢得的钱数，结果如何？[解] (1)X可取0,1,2,3.X＝0表示取5个球全是红球；X＝1表示取1个白球，4个红球；X＝2表示取2个白球，3个红球；X＝3表示取3个白球，2个红球．(2)X可取3,4,5.X＝3表示取出的球编号为1,2,3；X＝4表示取出的球编号为1,2,4；1,3,4或2,3,4.X＝5表示取出的球编号为1,2,5；1,3,5；1,4,5；2,3,5；2,4,5或3,4,5.(3) ξ＝10表示取5个球全是红球；ξ＝7表示取1个白球，4个红球；ξ＝4表示取2个白球，3个红球；ξ＝1表示取3个白球，2个红球．
人教版高中数学选修3离散型随机变量的方差教学设计
3.下结论.依据均值和方差做出结论.跟踪训练2. A、B两个投资项目的利润率分别为随机变量X1和X2，根据市场分析， X1和X2的分布列分别为X1 2% 8% 12% X2 5% 10%P 0.2 0.5 0.3 P 0.8 0.2求：(1)在A、B两个项目上各投资100万元， Y1和Y2分别表示投资项目A和B所获得的利润，求方差D(Y1)和D(Y2)；(2)根据得到的结论，对于投资者有什么建议？ 解：(1)题目可知，投资项目A和B所获得的利润Y1和Y2的分布列为：Y1 2 8 12 Y2 5 10P 0.2 0.5 0.3 P 0.8 0.2所以 ;; 解：(2) 由(1)可知 ，说明投资A项目比投资B项目期望收益要高；同时 ，说明投资A项目比投资B项目的实际收益相对于期望收益的平均波动要更大.因此，对于追求稳定的投资者，投资B项目更合适;而对于更看重利润并且愿意为了高利润承担风险的投资者，投资A项目更合适.
人教版高中数学选修3离散型随机变量及其分布列(2)教学设计
温故知新 1.离散型随机变量的定义可能取值为有限个或可以一一列举的随机变量,我们称为离散型随机变量.通常用大写英文字母表示随机变量,例如X,Y,Z;用小写英文字母表示随机变量的取值,例如x,y,z.随机变量的特点: 试验之前可以判断其可能出现的所有值，在试验之前不可能确定取何值；可以用数字表示2、随机变量的分类①离散型随机变量:X的取值可一、一列出；②连续型随机变量:X可以取某个区间内的一切值随机变量将随机事件的结果数量化．3、古典概型:①试验中所有可能出现的基本事件只有有限个；②每个基本事件出现的可能性相等。二、探究新知探究1.抛掷一枚骰子,所得的点数X有哪些值？取每个值的概率是多少？ 因为X取值范围是{1，2，3，4，5，6}而且"P(X=m)"=1/6,m=1,2,3,4,5,6.因此X分布列如下表所示
人教部编版语文八年级下册课外古诗词诵读教案
预设 “海内存知己，天涯若比邻”一反送别诗伤感悲戚的格调，体现出高远的志趣和旷达的胸怀，表明诚挚的友谊可以超越时空。此句蕴含哲理，给人以莫大的安慰和鼓舞，因此成为远隔千里的朋友间表达深情厚谊的名句。设问3：“气蒸云梦泽，波撼岳阳城”中的“蒸”和“撼”换成“滋”和“摇”好不好？为什么？预设 不好。“蒸”是蒸腾的意思，形象地描绘了洞庭湖雾气蒸腾、湖面浩渺的画面；“撼”是摇撼的意思，描绘出了洞庭湖波涛汹涌似要撼动岳阳城的雄伟壮阔的景象，且“撼”还能传达出诗人面对湖水时心胸似乎也被震荡，从而想要建功立业的主观感受。如果换成“滋”和“摇”则显得境界小、力度弱，没有这样的气势和表达效果。【设计意图】此环节主要采用问题引领的方式，一步步引导学生品味诗歌中的名句和富有表现力的字词，感受古人炼字的智慧，从而更加深入地理解诗歌情感和艺术手法。
人教部编版语文九年级下册课外古诗词诵读（1）教案
《朝天子·咏喇叭》：这篇散曲借咏喇叭，讽刺和揭露了明代宦官作威作福、鱼肉百姓的罪恶行径，表达了对宦官专横跋扈、趾高气扬嘴脸的强烈憎恶之情。（2）根据上面的分析，适当运用轻重音、升降调等朗读技巧，有感情地反复朗读。（3）这几首诗词曲中，你最喜欢哪几句？说说你喜欢的理由，而后有感情地诵读。预设 【示例一】我喜欢“山河千古在，城郭一时非”。这两句以祖国山河万世永存与城郭一时沦陷进行对比，突出诗人对收复大宋江山的信念和对元人的蔑视。【示例二】我喜欢“无限山河泪，谁言天地宽”。从这两句我感受到了作者的满腔悲愤。作者一直盼望明王朝东山再起，可时运不济，命运多舛，恢复国土、重整山河的宏愿一次次落空，令作者感到深深的失望。【示例三】我喜欢“赢，都变做了土；输，都变做了土”。这两句揭示了深刻的道理，意为国家间无论怎样争斗，终究会在历史的长河中渐渐湮灭，在无尽的沧桑中被遗忘，化为沉寂的黄土。经过前面的诵读、品读环节，学生们对这几首诗词已经有了了解，再安排学生背诵，可以使学生印象更深。
人教部编版语文九年级下册课外古诗词诵读（2）教案
【示例二】我喜欢“斫去桂婆娑，人道是，清光更多”。这里的“桂婆娑”指带给人民黑暗的婆娑桂影，它不仅包括南宋朝廷内外的投降势力，也包括了金人的势力。作者在这一句中，运用神话传说，以超现实的奇思妙想，表达渴望扫除黑暗，让光明普照人间的愿望。【设计意图】在这一环节，引导学生先理解词作的意思和情感再诵读，加深学生对词作的印象，提升学生对词作的诵读感悟能力。五、反复诵读，默写诗词1.学生独立背诵。2.同桌互相检查背诵。3.开展背诵比赛。4.集体默写四首词。结束语：诵读古诗词，可以陶冶我们的情操，激发我们的想象力，与古人对话。希望同学课下能自主阅读一些经典古诗词，在感受它们魅力的同时提升我们的文学素养。【设计意图】在前面几个环节，学生已经从不同层次诵读了四首词，对这四首词有了一定的理解。本环节让学生在此基础上用不同方式背诵，加深记忆。
部编版五年级语文下册全册教案及教学反思
初读古诗，整体感知。 1.请同学们用自己喜欢的方式读古诗《四时田园杂兴》（其三十一）。要求借助拼音学会生字，把古诗读正确，读通顺。 2.指名多个学生朗读古诗，师生评议，纠正读得不准确的字音。尤其注意读准“昼、耘”的读音。指导读准多音字“供”（[ gōng ]作动词时，准备着东西给需要的人应用:供应、供给（jǐ）、供求、供需、供销、提供、供不应求。[ góng ]奉献:供养、供献、供奉、供佛、供职；祭祀用的东西:供桌、供品、供果、上供；被审问时在法庭上述说事实:招供、口供、供状、供认、供词。）在诗中读四声。 3.把古诗反复多读几遍，通过查字典、问同学、问老师等方式，结合课文注释，理解诗句中词语的意思，用自己的话说说这首诗大体写了什么。记下不理解的地方和不明白的问题。 4.学生自愿举手发言，其他同学进行评议，也可以做补充发言。全班交流，教师相机引导并小结。
部编版二年级语文下册全册教案及教学反思
在入情入境中诵读成韵 1.配乐范读，想象画面： （1）学生边看插图边听老师配乐朗读，想象诗中所描绘的画面。 （2）学生自由交流想象中的画面，老师激励小结。 预设：山坡上的小草发芽了，嫩绿嫩绿的。黄莺在空中飞来飞去。河堤旁的柳条发芽了，几个下朋友放学回来，趁着东风，赶忙放起了风筝…… 2.借助插图，启发想象：黄莺一边飞一边干什么?（叽叽喳喳地叫）它好像在说什么? 再次启发想象：春风轻轻地吹来，柳条会怎样呢?（轻轻摆动，好像在跳舞陶醉在了美丽的春色里……） 诗人高鼎看到这样的景致写下了这样的诗句：出示“草长莺飞二月天，拂堤杨柳醉春烟”。（学生齐读） 让我们想象着春天的美丽景色，有滋有味地诵读。学生练读、指名读、引读。 3.联系生活，换位体验，：在这样美妙的春光里，沐浴着和煦的春风，（出示儿童放纸鸢图片）孩子们放起风筝，你们放过风筝吗?你放风筝时是怎样的心情?（学生自由发言）
人教版高中语文《劝学》教案
(1)吾尝(曾经)终日而思矣，不如须臾(片刻)之所学也；吾尝肢(踮起脚跟)而望矣，不如登高之博见(看得广)也。(学、思对比，强调了学习的作用；跛望与登高对比，登高的收获大。两例证明利用学习、利用外物的作用。)(2)登高而招(招手)，臂非加长也，而见者(看的人)远(远也看得见)；顺风而呼(呼喊)，声非加疾(快)也，而闻者(听的人)彰(听得更清楚)。(两例证明利用自然条件的作用。)(3)假(借助)舆马者(的人)，非利足(快脚)也，而致(达到)千里；假舟楫者，非能水(善游)也，而绝(横渡)江河。(两例证明利用工具的作用。)(4)君子生(性)非异也，善假(利用)于(对)物(外物)也。连用比喻，得出结论：那些有才德的君子，生来本性与普通人没有什么两样(生非异也)，只是由于他善于利用学得的知识和本领，善于利用处界条件弥补自身的不足，不断提高自己，所以才成为君子的。
中班科学活动 《小火箭上天》课件教案
活动目标：1、引导幼儿探索小火箭上天的原因。2、激发幼儿科学探索的兴趣，培养幼儿科学探索的精神。活动准备：1、物质准备：1) 小火箭人手一个（大可乐瓶上盖一个纸做的圆锥体）。2) 在活动室柱子或墙面上做好不同高度的标记。
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 2 Morals and Virtues-Listening &Speaking＆Talking教学设计
Example:One day, a poor boy who was trying to pay his way through school by sending newspapers door to door found that he only had one dime(一角）left. He was so hungry that he decided to beg for a meal at the next house.However, he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door. Instead of a meal he asked for a drink of water. She thought he looked hungry so she brought him a large glass of milk. He drank it slowly, and then asked, “How much do I owe you?” “You don’t owe me anything,” she replied, “Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness.” “Then I thank you from the bottom of my heart.” With these words, Howard Kelly left that house.Years later the woman became badly ill and was finally sent to the hospital in a big city. Dr. Howard Kelly, now famous, was called in. When he heard the name of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. Dressed in his doctor’s clothes, Dr. Kelly went into her room and recognized her at once. From that day on, he gave special attention to her, and decided to do his best to save her life.At last the woman was saved. Dr. Kelly asked the business office to pass the final bill to him. He looked at it and then wrote something on the side. The bill was sent to the woman’s room. She was afraid to open it because she was sure that it would take the rest of her life to pay for it off. Finally she looked, and the note on the side of the bill caught her attention. She read these words: “Paid in full with a glass of milk, Dr. Howard Kelly.” Tear of joy flooded her eyes.
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 3 Diverse Cultures-Reading for Writing教学设计
The topic of this part is “Describe a place with distinctive cultural identity”.This section focuses on Chinese culture by introducing Chinatown, whose purpose is to show the relationship between the Chinese culture and American culture. The Chinese culture in Chinatown is an important part of American culture. Chinatown is an important window of spreading Chinese culture and the spirit homeland of oversea Chinese, where foreigners can experience Chinese culture by themselves.Concretely, the title is “Welcome to Chinatown!”, from which we can know that the article aims at introducing Chinatown. The author used the “Introduction--Body Paragraph--Conclusion” to describe the people, language, architecture, business, famous food and drinks and people’s activities, which can be a centre for Chinese culture and shows its unique charm.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information.2. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.3. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.4. Learn to correct others’ writing.1. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.2. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.Step 1 Lead in ---Small talkIn the reading part, we mentioned the Chinatown of San Francisco. How much do you know about Chinatown of San Francisco ?Chinatown is a main living place for Chinese immigrants, where you can see many Chinese-style buildings, costumes, operas, restaurants, music and even hear Chinese.Step 2 Before reading ---Predict the contentWhat is the writer’s purpose of writing this text ? How do you know ?From the title(Welcome to Chinatown) and some key words from the text(tourist, visit, visitors, experience), we can know the purpose of the text is to introduce Chinatown and show the relationship between Chinese culture and American culture.
新人教版高中英语必修3Unit 5 The Value of Money-Listening &Speaking教学设计
Step 4: Listen again and decide if the following statements are true (T) or false (F).1 It was the first time Chen Liyan's story was reported. T口 F口2 Chen found 10,000 yuan in a small plastic bag in Taiyuan railway station口 F口3 Wang Zheng apologized to Chen because he couldn't offer her more money. T口 F口4 Chen took out a large loan to cure her daughter, T口 F口5 Wang set up a fundraising website for Chen's daughter after Chen told him about her situation. T口 F口Step 5：After listening, discuss the questions.1 What kind of person do you think Chen Liyan is?Chen Liyan is generous and honest because she returned a large sum of money to the owner.2 Did Chen return the money because she didn't need it?No. She returned the money because it was the right thing to do. Evidence for this is that she refused to accept the reward money because she felt that it had not been earned. 3 Is it common for people to do what Chen did?It depends on the culture. In some countries it is quite common to return money that has been found. In other countries, people believe "Finders are keepers!" 4 How did Wang Zheng feel about the return of his money?He must have been very happy and relieved to have gotten his money back. We know this because he thanked Chen repeatedly and even offered her a reward.5 Why did Ma Dongbao tell Wang about Chen's family?He must have had great sympathy for Chen and her daughter and wanted to help them.'We know this because he arranged help for them. 6 How did the news reporter feel about Chen's actions?The news reporter felt that it showed that money wasn't the most important thing in life. We know this because the reporter told us that this is what Chen believes. and then said, “that's a great attitude to take."
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land教学设计
当孩子们由父母陪同时，他们才被允许进入这个运动场。3．过去分词(短语)作状语时的几种特殊情况(1)过去分词(短语)在句中作时间、条件、原因、让步状语时，相当于对应的时间、条件、原因及让步状语从句。Seen from the top of the mountain (＝When it is seen from the top of the mountain), the whole town looks more beautiful.从山顶上看，整个城市看起来更美了。Given ten more minutes (＝If we are given ten more minutes), we will finish the work perfectly.如果多给十分钟，我们会完美地完成这项工作。Greatly touched by his words (＝Because she was greatly touched by his words), she was full of tears.由于被他的话深深地感动，她满眼泪花。Warned of the storm (＝Though they were warned of the storm), the farmers were still working on the farm.尽管被警告了风暴的到来，但农民们仍在农场干活。(2)过去分词(短语)在句中作伴随、方式等状语时，可改为句子的并列谓语或改为并列分句。The teacher came into the room, followed by two students (＝and was followed by two students)．后面跟着两个学生，老师走进了房间。He spent the whole afternoon, accompanied by his mom(＝and was accompanied by his mom)．他由母亲陪着度过了一整个下午。
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 1 Science and Scientists-Learning about Language教学设计
Step 7: complete the discourse according to the grammar rules.Cholera used to be one of the most 1.__________ (fear) diseases in the world. In the early 19th century, _2_________ an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died. But neither its cause, 3__________ its cure was understood. A British doctor, John Snow, wanted to solve the problem and he knew that cholera would not be controlled _4_________ its cause was found. In general, there were two contradictory theories 5 __________ explained how cholera spread. The first suggested that bad air caused the disease. The second was that cholera was caused by an _6_________(infect) from germs in food or water. John Snow thought that the second theory was correct but he needed proof. So when another outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, he began to investigate. Later, with all the evidence he _7_________ (gather), John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Therefore, he had the handle of the pump _8_________ (remove) so that it couldn't be used. Through his intervention，the disease was stopped in its tracks. What is more, John Snow found that some companies sold water from the River Thames that __9__________________ (pollute) by raw waste. The people who drank this water were much more likely _10_________ (get) cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water. Through John Snow's efforts, the _11_________ (threaten) of cholera around the world saw a substantial increase. Keys： 1.feared 2.when 3. nor 4.unless 5.that/which 6.infection 7.had gathered 8.removed 9.was polluted 10.to get 11. threat
