【参考范文】Narrator:(Henry is smiling as he leaves the restaurant. As he is walking down the street, he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to get it cut. )H=Henry;B=Barber;R=rude manH:Good afternoon, I'd like to get a cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry's hair and continues cutting another man's hair. )Er, I'd really like a haircut. As you can see it's much too long. B:(in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H:Fine, well I'll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber's chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B:It's quite expensive here, you know!Are you sure you can afford it?H:Yes. I think so. (In comes the rude man. )R:Hey you there. I need a haircut quickly. Can you do me straightaway?B:All right, then, get in the chair and I'll see what I can do. R:Thank you. (sits down in one of the barber's chairs)H:Excuse me, but I was here first. Aren't you going to do my hair first?B:This man's in a hurry. H:Well so am I!I insist that you cut my hair first. B:OK, but I'll have to be quick. This gentleman is waiting. H:Thank you. (They both become quiet. After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B:Why, Mr . . . (looks shocked)H:Adams. Henry Adams. I'm sorry, I don't have any change. R:You're that Mr Adams! Well,I'm glad I waited or I might never have known it was you. B:Why, Mr Adams, please don't worry!(wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about!Nothing at all!Please come back any time, even if you only need too little hairs cut!It will be my honour to serve you!
The grammatical structure of this unit is predicative clause. Like object clause and subject clause, predicative clause is one of Nominal Clauses. The leading words of predicative clauses are that, what, how, what, where, as if, because, etc.The design of teaching activities aims to guide students to perceive the structural features of predicative clauses and think about their ideographic functions. Beyond that, students should be guided to use this grammar in the context apporpriately and flexibly.1. Enable the Ss to master the usage of the predicative clauses in this unit.2. Enable the Ss to use the predicative patterns flexibly.3. Train the Ss to apply some skills by doing the relevant exercises.1.Guide students to perceive the structural features of predicative clauses and think about their ideographic functions.2.Strengthen students' ability of using predicative clauses in context, but also cultivate their ability of text analysis and logical reasoning competence.Step1: Underline all the examples in the reading passage, where noun clauses are used as the predicative. Then state their meaning and functions.1) One theory was that bad air caused the disease.2) Another theory was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.3) The truth was that the water from the Broad Street had been infected by waste.Sum up the rules of grammar:1. 以上黑体部分在句中作表语。2. 句1、2、3中的that在从句中不作成分,只起连接作用。 Step2: Review the basic components of predicative clauses1.Definition
当孩子们由父母陪同时,他们才被允许进入这个运动场。3.过去分词(短语)作状语时的几种特殊情况(1)过去分词(短语)在句中作时间、条件、原因、让步状语时,相当于对应的时间、条件、原因及让步状语从句。Seen from the top of the mountain (=When it is seen from the top of the mountain), the whole town looks more beautiful.从山顶上看,整个城市看起来更美了。Given ten more minutes (=If we are given ten more minutes), we will finish the work perfectly.如果多给十分钟,我们会完美地完成这项工作。Greatly touched by his words (=Because she was greatly touched by his words), she was full of tears.由于被他的话深深地感动,她满眼泪花。Warned of the storm (=Though they were warned of the storm), the farmers were still working on the farm.尽管被警告了风暴的到来,但农民们仍在农场干活。(2)过去分词(短语)在句中作伴随、方式等状语时,可改为句子的并列谓语或改为并列分句。The teacher came into the room, followed by two students (=and was followed by two students).后面跟着两个学生,老师走进了房间。He spent the whole afternoon, accompanied by his mom(=and was accompanied by his mom).他由母亲陪着度过了一整个下午。
Step 7: complete the discourse according to the grammar rules.Cholera used to be one of the most 1.__________ (fear) diseases in the world. In the early 19th century, _2_________ an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died. But neither its cause, 3__________ its cure was understood. A British doctor, John Snow, wanted to solve the problem and he knew that cholera would not be controlled _4_________ its cause was found. In general, there were two contradictory theories 5 __________ explained how cholera spread. The first suggested that bad air caused the disease. The second was that cholera was caused by an _6_________(infect) from germs in food or water. John Snow thought that the second theory was correct but he needed proof. So when another outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, he began to investigate. Later, with all the evidence he _7_________ (gather), John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Therefore, he had the handle of the pump _8_________ (remove) so that it couldn't be used. Through his intervention,the disease was stopped in its tracks. What is more, John Snow found that some companies sold water from the River Thames that __9__________________ (pollute) by raw waste. The people who drank this water were much more likely _10_________ (get) cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water. Through John Snow's efforts, the _11_________ (threaten) of cholera around the world saw a substantial increase. Keys: 1.feared 2.when 3. nor 4.unless 5.that/which 6.infection 7.had gathered 8.removed 9.was polluted 10.to get 11. threat
Step 5: After learning the text, discuss with your peers about the following questions:1.John Snow believed Idea 2 was right. How did he finally prove it?2. Do you think John Snow would have solved this problem without the map?3. Cholera is a 19th century disease. What disease do you think is similar to cholera today?SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.keys:1. John Snow finally proved his idea because he found an outbreak that was clearly related to cholera, collected information and was able to tie cases outside the area to the polluted water.2. No. The map helped John Snow organize his ideas. He was able to identify those households that had had many deaths and check their water-drinking habits. He identified those houses that had had no deaths and surveyed their drinking habits. The evidence clearly pointed to the polluted water being the cause.3. SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.Step 6: Consolidate what you have learned by filling in the blanks:John Snow was a well-known _1___ in London in the _2__ century. He wanted to find the _3_____ of cholera in order to help people ___4_____ it. In 1854 when a cholera __5__ London, he began to gather information. He ___6__ on a map ___7___ all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had ___8____ (drink) the dirty water from the __9____ died. So he decided that the polluted water ___10____ cholera. He suggested that the ___11__ of all water supplies should be _12______ and new methods of dealing with ____13___ water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was __14_____.Keys: 1. doctor 2. 19th 3.cause 4.infected with 5.hit 6.marked 7.where 8.drunk 9.pump 10.carried 11.source 12.examined 13.polluted 14.defeatedHomework: Retell the text after class and preview its language points
This happens because the dish soap molecules have a strong negative charge, and the milk molecules have a strong positive charge. Like magnets, these molecules are attracted to each other, and so they appear to move around on the plate, taking the food coloring with them, making it look like the colors are quickly moving to escape from the soap.Listening text:? Judy: Oh, I'm so sorry that you were ill and couldn't come with us on our field trip. How are you feeling now? Better?? Bill: Much better, thanks. But how was it?? Judy: Wonderful! I especially liked an area of the museum called Light Games.it was really cool. They had a hall of mirrors where I could see myself reflected thousands of times!? Bill: A hall of mirrors can be a lot of fun. What else did they have?? Judy: Well, they had an experiment where we looked at a blue screen for a while, and then suddenly we could see tiny bright lights moving around on it. You'll never guess what those bright lights were!? Bill: Come on, tell me!? Judy: They were our own blood cells. For some reason, our eyes play tricks on us when we look at a blue screen, and we can see our own blood cells moving around like little lights! But there was another thing I liked better. I stood in front of a white light, and it cast different shadows of me in every color of the rainbow!? Bill: Oh, I wish I had been there. Tell me more!? Judy: Well, they had another area for sound. They had a giant piano keyboard that you could use your feet to play. But then, instead of playing the sounds of a piano, it played the voices of classical singers! Then they had a giant dish, and when you spoke into it, it reflected the sound back and made it louder. You could use it to speak in a whisper to someone 17 meters away.? Bill: It all sounds so cool. I wish I could have gone with you? Judy: I know, but we can go together this weekend. I'd love to go there again!? Bill: That sounds like a great idea!
The grammar of this unit is designed to review noun clauses. Sentences that use nouns in a sentence are called noun clauses. Nominal clauses can act as subject, object, predicate, appositive and other components in compound sentences. According to the above-mentioned different grammatical functions, nominal clauses are divided into subject clause, object clause, predicate clause and appositive clause. In this unit, we will review the three kinds of nominal clauses. Appositive clauses are not required to be mastered in the optional compulsory stage, so they are not involved.1. Guide the students to judge the compound sentences and determine the composition of the clauses in the sentence.2. Instruct students to try to learn grammar by generalizing grammar rules, controlling written practice, and semi-open oral output.3. Inspire the students to systematize the function and usage of noun clause1.Instruct students to try to learn grammar by generalizing grammar rules, controlling written practice, and semi-open oral output.2.Inspire the students to systematize the function and usage of noun clauseStep1: The teacher ask studetns to find out more nominal clauses from the reading passage and udnerline the nominal clauses.
The newspaper reported more than 100 people had been killed in the thunderstorm.报纸报道说有一百多人在暴风雨中丧生。(2)before、when、by the time、until、after、once等引导的时间状语从句的谓语是一般过去时,以及by、before后面接过去的时间时,主句动作发生在从句的动作或过去的时间之前且表示被动时,要用过去完成时的被动语态。By the time my brother was 10, he had been sent to Italy.我弟弟10岁前就已经被送到意大利了。Tons of rice had been produced by the end of last month. 到上月底已生产了好几吨大米。(3) It was the first/second/last ... time that ...句中that引导的定语从句中,主语与谓语构成被动关系时,要用过去完成时的被动语态。It was the first time that I had seen the night fact to face in one and a half years. 这是我一年半以来第一次亲眼目睹夜晚的景色。(4)在虚拟语气中,条件句表示与过去事实相反,且主语与谓语构成被动关系时,要用过去完成时的被动语态。If I had been instructed by him earlier, I would have finished the task.如果我早一点得到他的指示,我早就完成这项任务了。If I had hurried, I wouldn't have missed the train.如果我快点的话,我就不会误了火车。If you had been at the party, you would have met him. 如果你去了晚会,你就会见到他的。
The discourse explores the link between food and culture from a foreign’s perspective and it records some authentic Chinese food and illustrates the cultural meaning, gerography features and historic tradition that the food reflects. It is aimed to lead students to understand and think about the connection between food and culture. While teaching, the teacher should instruct students to find out the writing order and the writer’s experieces and feelings towards Chinese food and culture.1.Guide the students to read the text, sort out the information and dig out the topic.2.Understand the cultural connotation, regional characteristics and historical tradition of Chinese cuisine3.Understand and explore the relationship between food and people's personality4.Guide the students to use the cohesive words in the text5.Lead students to accurately grasp the real meaning of the information and improve the overall understanding ability by understanding the implied meaning behind the text.1. Enable the Ss to understand the structure and the writing style of the passage well.2. Lead the Ss to understand and think further about the connection between food and geography and local character traits.Step1: Prediction before reading. Before you read, look at the title, and the picture. What do you think this article is about?keys:It is about various culture and cuisine about a place or some countries.
You have no excuse for not going.你没有理由不去。He was punished for not having finished his homework.他因未完成作业而受到惩罚。2.动词ing形式复合结构由物主代词或人称代词宾格、名词所有格或普通格加动词ing,即“sb./sb.'s+doing”构成。动词ing形式的复合结构实际上是给动词ing形式加了一个逻辑主语。动词ing形式的复合结构有四种形式:①形容词性物主代词+动词ing②名词所有格+动词ing③代词宾格+动词ing④名词+动词ingHer coming to help encouraged all of us.她来帮忙鼓舞了我们所有人。The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting.这个婴儿被突然的关门声吵醒了。Can you imagine him/Jack cooking at home?你能想象他/杰克在家做饭的样子吗?无生命名词无论是作主语还是作宾语都不能用第②种形式。Tom's winning first prize last year impressed me a lot.汤姆去年得了一等奖使我印象深刻。Do you mind my/me/Jack's/Jack leaving now?你介意我/杰克现在离开吗?Excuse me for my not coming on time.很抱歉我没能按时来。His father's being ill made him worried.他父亲病了,他很担心。We are looking forward to the singer's/the singer to give us a concert.我们盼望着这位歌手来给我们举办一场演唱会。
一、教材分析在初中阶段,物理量单位的学习是学生较为困惑的问题之一。前面关于1N的规定给学生的印象总好像是有些随意。尤其是牛顿、帕斯卡、安培、伏特、焦耳、瓦特等单位的规定。使得学生感动物理太复杂。事实上,只有把单位制放在整个物理学框架中加以认识,并且知识有了一定的积累。经历了充分的学习过程后才能体会物理量单位的命名和使用规则。体会到其中对一些单位进行规定的合理性和方便特征。物理学单位中,有很少几个基本物理量,它们的单位就是基本单位。在进行了这种选定之后,其它物理量的单位就是根据它的定义式,有所选择的其他物理量的单位共同确定的。国际单位制的建立和使用,不仅方便了国际间的交流,也逐渐成为科学研究中计算和运用的一种规范约束。中学生应该注意学习,逐步习惯,在记录、表达和计算中规范使用。二、教学目标(一)知识与技能1.了解什么是单位制,知道力学中的三个基本单位;2.认识单位制在物理计算中的作用
(一)研学前评价重在明确目标。红色研学的价值不仅在于学生与红色文化、精神进行对话,而且希望促进学生更为主动、积极地投入其中,自主开展相关学习、生活。因此,研学前,学校着重引导学生明确要做什么、怎样做。教师利用两节行前课程,通过发布力所能及的系列任务,帮助学生梳理已有经验,对即将开展的红色研学作出合理规划,并从中发现学生需要提供帮助的细节。此阶段的评价从多维度自我评价、交流心得体会等方面进行设计。评价内容包括前期搜集资料准备充分,对本次红色研学主题、内容有一定了解;能对本组探究的红色研究主题有兴趣、认真对待、积极参与交流;对本次研学物品准备、文化储备、文明礼仪方面的行前准备到位等。例如,在红色研学旅行开展前,校领导会组织指导教师与研学团队一起,立足研学方案制定评价标准,进行多轮讨论,力求评价准确有效。
【教学目标】知识目标:⑴ 理解任意角的三角函数的定义及定义域;⑵ 理解三角函数在各象限的正负号;⑶掌握界限角的三角函数值.能力目标:⑴会利用定义求任意角的三角函数值;⑵会判断任意角三角函数的正负号;⑶培养学生的观察能力.【教学重点】⑴ 任意角的三角函数的概念;⑵ 三角函数在各象限的符号;⑶特殊角的三角函数值.【教学难点】任意角的三角函数值符号的确定.【教学设计】(1)在知识回顾中推广得到新知识;(2)数形结合探求三角函数的定义域;(3)利用定义认识各象限角三角函数的正负号;(4)数形结合认识界限角的三角函数值;(5)问题引领,师生互动.在问题的思考和交流中,提升能力.
5.循环经济当前,发展循环经济和知识经济已成为国际社会的两大趋势,有的发达国家甚至以立法的方式加以推进。循环经济本质上是一种生态经济,它要求运用生态学规律而不是机械的规律来指导人类社会的经济活动,减量化、再利用和资源化是其三大原则。传统经济是一种“资源——产品——污染排放”单向流动的线性经济,特征是高开采、低利用、高排放;与之不同,循环经济倡导的是一种与环境和谐的经济发展模式,它要求把经济活动组织成一个“资源——产品——再生资源”的反馈式流程,特征是低开采、高利用、低排放。目前,我国已经把发展循环经济作为编制“十一五”规划的重要指导原则。6.当心被优势“绊倒”有三个旅行者同时住进一家旅店,早上同时出门旅游。晚上归来时,拿伞的人淋得浑身是水,拿拐杖的人跌得满身是伤,而什么也没有带的人却安然无恙。
(2)历史课本中历朝历代的文化发展。(3)政治生活中关于综合国力竞争的相关知识。(4)了解文化产业的发展,深入体会知识经济、文化经济现象。五、【方法点津】:(1)坚持理论联系实际的方法,感悟文化现象,理解文化内涵,分析文化的作用,增强文化学习的自觉性。(2)自学探究。以课本的简单提示为线索,深入探究文化与经济、政治的相互交融,探究文化在综合国力竞争中的地位和作用。(3)集体讨论。针对当前国际竞争的实质,探讨我国应如何发展文化产业、发展文化生产力、增强文化竞争力;讨沦为更好地应对文化竞争,作为中学生目前应做好哪些准备。六、【课文导语】:文化,一个我们十分熟悉的词汇。然而“熟知并非真知”。有人说,文化是知识;有人说,文化是艺术。究竟什么是“文化”?只要在社会生活中细细体味,我们就能真切地感悟“文化”的内涵与文化的力量。
在数学上,0这个数是解决记数和进位问题而引进的概念,由于它不能表示实在的东西,很长时间人们不把它看作是一个数。认为0是无,是对有的否定。从唯物辩证法的观点看,这种否定不是形而上学的简单否定,而是具有丰富内容的辨证否定。辨证的否定是发展的环节。0是从无到有的必经之路,是连接无和有的桥梁。0又是正数和负数之间的界限,它既否定了任何正数,也否定了任何负数,是唯一的中性数。但它又是联结正数和负数的中间环节。没有0,负数就过渡不到正数去,正数也休想发展到负数来。数学中的0是对任何定量的否定。如果没有这一否定,任何量的发展都无从谈起。这个否定不是一笔勾销,而是扬弃。因为它克服了任何定量的有限性,成为其发展的环节。在现实生活中,0作为辨证的否定,也体现出联系和发展的性质。如0度不是没有温度,而是非常确定的温度。
接下来,学生讲一讲自己和家人过中秋节时的内心体验,并用写一写、画一画、唱一唱等自己喜欢的方式来表达,之后,全班交流展示。板书:幸福 团圆设计意图:体会“中秋节,团圆夜”的中秋文化味道,明白中秋团圆之意义。环节三:快快乐乐咏中秋学生阅读教材第14页到第15页的绘本《古诗词中的月》,学生说说还知道的咏月思亲的佳句,也可以自己创作一两句儿歌。设计意图:学以致用,感受中秋文化所蕴含的人文情怀,感悟中华文化的魅力。环节四:感悟明理,育情导行学生谈一谈学习本节课的收获,教师相机引导。设计意图:梳理总结,体验收获与成功的喜悦,内化提升学生的认识与情感。环节五:拓展延伸,回归生活回家后,与爸爸妈妈分享课上学到的有关中秋的一些话题。设计意图:将课堂所学延伸到学生的日常生活中,有利于落实行为实践。
(一)产业链不完善。这是制约企业生存发展的最大和最具风险的问题。从当前国家对XX原材料的管理要求上看是越来越严格,实现XX原材料采购数据信息化、严格运输数量将是今后进一步强化管理的必然趋势,一旦XX原材料管理趋严,就会影响到占企业年总收入达XX%的主导产品XX的生产,就可能带来企业效益的滑坡,更可能会影响到企业的生存和内部的稳定。
首先,请允许我代表集团领导班子向荣获集团舞台艺术终身成就奖的艺术家致敬!向荣获集团首届“德艺双馨文艺工作者”称号的同志致敬!向获得年度先进的单位和个人表示祝贺并致以深深的谢意!杰出者永远是我们的标杆,榜样的引领永远是强大的动能。我想,这种评选和颁授应该成为演艺集团的一个传统。演艺集团是一个特殊的企业,或许我们暂时还做不到财源滚滚(尽管我们做梦都希望财源滚滚),但一定要精品不断,好戏连台,人才辈出。换句话说,只要我们精品不断,好戏连台,人才辈出,我们就是一个卓越的企业。出人才,出精品,用好的作品讴歌时代,奉献人民,才是我们的核心价值和永恒追求。从今天受表彰的艺术家身上,从他们的经历、创作、成就,尤其是精神、品格和情怀,我们能感悟到一些什么?可能每个人的体会不尽相同,但起码有几点我们应该形成共识。
刘义庆(403~444)南朝宋著名文学家,字季伯,彭城(今江苏徐州)人,南朝宋宗室,武帝时袭封临川王。官至兖州刺史、都督加开府仪同三司。自幼才华出众,爱好文学,喜纳文士,其撰笔记小说集《世说新语》,是六朝志人小说的代表。记叙汉末至东晋士族阶层人物的言谈轶事,生动形象地反映出当时士族的生活方式与精神面貌。语言精炼、生动传神,对后世小说影响极大。其中“周处除三害”、“望梅止渴”、“击鼓骂曹”等故事,成为后世戏曲小说的素材,“新亭对泣”、“子猷献戴”等也成为后世诗文常用的典故。梁刘孝标作注,旁征博引,为后人所重。另有《幽明录》,今佚。鲁迅《古小说钩沉》辑其佚文200余条,皆记诡异之事。
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