商业活动、人口迁徙、教育活动是文化传播的主要途径。随着科学技术的不断进步,文化传播的手段也越来越多样,越来越先进。现代文化传播已经不仅限于这些,传播的媒介越来越多。经历了口语、文字、印刷、电子和网络等发展阶段。二、大众传媒:现代文化传播的手段1、 传媒:传播的媒介2、 发展:口语――文字――印刷――电子――网络3、 现代传媒包括:报刊、广播、电视、网络、杂志、书籍、手机、电子读物等各种现代传媒的作用各具特色,各有优点。(学生讨论并畅谈各自的优缺点)归纳:新的传媒的出现,并不意味着旧传媒的消失,各种传媒都在文化传播中发挥着重要的作用。传媒的真正开始面向大众传递信息,是以印刷媒体的推广为标志的。如今,依托电子技术、微电子技术、光纤通信技术、网络技术、多媒体技术等现代信息技术,大众传媒能够最大程度地穿越时空局限,汇集来自世界各地的信息,日益显示出文化传递、沟通、共享的强大功能,已经成为文化传播的主要手段。
另一方面,文化素质影响公民政治权利的行使。随着民主和法制建设的发展,人们为了参与政治生活,需要更高的文化素养。文化水平提高了,人们受到的教育、接受的信息就越多,活动的领域就越广,民主法制和权利意识就越强,这些都会影响人们的民主素质和民主水平,使人们更好地进行政治参与,行使民主权利。(2)文化与国际政治相互交融,成为当代国际政治斗争的重要内容。随着世界多极化的发展,奉行霸权主义的国家,借助文化渗透的方式,竭力推销自己的价值观念,企图削弱和取代别国的民族文化,以推行强权政治。这使世界范围内反对文化霸权主义的斗争,成为当代国际政治斗争的重要内容。文化已经成为进行政治斗争、国际斗争的重要形式之一。对文化市场的争夺不仅仅是争夺票房价值、争夺经济效益,更主要的是对受众对象的争夺,对受众注意力这种特殊的稀缺资源的占有,以及在此基础上对舆论的控制与引导。因此,失去文化市场就意味着失去政治优势,意味着政治影响力的边缘化乃至萎缩或丧失。这一点,从目前世界正在进行的空前规模的“文化战争”,可以看得非常清楚。
4、中国积极发展与区域性国际组织的关系。中国积极发展与区域性国际组织的关系。中国与欧盟建立了领导人年度会晤机制,致力于发展全面战略伙伴关系。中国重视与非洲国家的传统友谊,与非洲联盟团结合作。中国与阿拉伯国家联盟、石油输出国组织等发展中国家组建的国际组织发展友好关系,支持它们维护自身的正当权益,并与它们共同为建立公正合理的国际政治经济新秩序而努力。新中国与国际组织关系的历史演变大致经历了三个时期。从中华人民共和国建立初期到1971年:新中国被排斥在联合国等国际组织之外,为恢复在联合国的合法席位进行了不懈的斗争。从1 9 7 1年到改革开放前:中国恢复了在联合国的合法席位,并与大批国际组织建立、恢复了友好合作关系。改革开放以来:中国恢复了在世界银行和国际货币基金组织的席位,加入了世界贸易组织、亚太经合组织等经济组织。世界银行出资兴建的希望小学小结:4个主要特征:国际组织的四个主要特征即:①跨国性、②目的性、③组织性、④自主性。
一、教材分析我们使用的是人教版第四册《生活与哲学》教材,本框属于第四单元第十二课第一框题。其内容主要分两目,第一目主要介绍价值的含义、人是社会一切财富的创造者、人的价值在于创造价值和对社会的责任和贡献,以及对一个人的评价主要看他的贡献等内容。第二目主要介绍价值观的导向作用,内容包括价值观的含义、价值观对人们认识世界和改造世界的活动具有导向作用以及对人生道路的选择具有导向作用。二、教学目标知识目标:1、识记价值和价值观的基本含义;价值观的导向作用。2、理解人的价值是什么?如何评价人的价值。3、运用所学知识及相关哲学原理,分析物的价值和人的价值的 不同,从中加深对人的价值的理解评论分析为什么对一个人的评价要看他的贡献,而不是索取了多少。
①标题——标题应当简洁明了。②导语——导语是消息开头的第一段或第一句话,简明扼要地揭示出消息的核心内容。③主体——主体是消息的主要部分,要用充足的事实表现主题,对导语的内容作进一步的展开和阐述。④结束语——通常是对全文内容进行概括性的总结。3. 新闻报道增分句子(1)陈述事实常用的句型:①A terrible storm hit/struck ... , killing ..②It was a cool autumn night when the earthquake happened. A large number of buildings fell down and roads were destroyed, leaving a great many people homeless.地震发生在一个凉爽的秋夜。大量的建筑物倒塌,道路被毁,许多人无家可归。③With the help of the rescue team, people who were the trapped in the flood were saved.在救援队的帮助下,困在洪水中的人们得救了。(2)陈述观点常用的句型:①Clearly/Obviously/In my opinion/It seemed that people were shocked.显然/在我看来/似乎人们震惊了。②The whole city was in ruins after the earthquake.地震后整个城市成了一片废墟。(3)揭示原因常用的句型:Because of/As a result of/Thanks to the help of the army, people who got injured were sent to the hospital immediately.
【教材分析】本节课是高中英语第一册的最后一个单元的阅读和思考部分,文章难度明显增加,体现在以下几个方面:文章题材是说明文,比较难理解;话题生疏,涉及到历史等知识;生词量增大,而且在语境中理解词汇的要求提高。面对这些,教师的难度和高度也要有所提升,通过探讨说明顺序,了解背景知识等帮助他们找到说明文阅读的方法。【教学目标与核心素养】1. 文化意识目标新课程中指出,文化意识是对中外文化的理解和对优秀文化的认同。文化意识的的培养有助于学生增加国家认同和家国情怀,成为有文明素养和社会责任感的人。我们这个单元很好体现了这一点,通过了解汉字书写的体系和发展,学生可以有一种文化自豪感,同时也能够帮助学生深入挖掘这篇文章,从而想到更多和中国文化相关的方面。2. 学习能力目标
This report is short, concise and has typical news content and language features. The title uses the verb phrases, embodying the characteristics of being concise and general. The introduction is the first two sentences in the first paragraph, describing the general situation of the cultural heritage protection project, including time, place, characters, events and other news elements, so that readers can see the main points of the news report at a glance. The main body is the second and third paragraphs, which report the important historical and cultural value of Mogao Grottoes and the production of Mogao Grottoes Material digital photos, which are of great significance to the inheritance of historical culture and the promotion of international cultural understanding, exchange and cooperation. Direct citation is used in the report, as well as background introduction and other news writing techniques.1. Get students to have a good understanding of some features about a news report by reading the text.2. Instruct students to write a summary about a news report properly using some newly acquired writing skills in this period.3. Develop students’ writing and cooperating abilities.4. Strengthen students’ great interest in writing discourses.1. Stimulate students to have a good understanding of how to a summary about a news report 2. Cultivate students to write a news report properly and concisely.Step 1: Lead in Do you think it is necessary for us to circulate our cultural heritage to the world? Why or why not?Do we need to learn more about other countries’ cultural heritage? Why or why not?Step 2: Read to discover details concerning the main body of the news report.
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “how to save endangered wildlife and help wildlife in their neighborhood.” Due to the continuous deterioration of the living environment, a large number of wild animals are always facing the threat of endangered or extinction. Listening and speaking period enables students to understand the fact and reason why wild species are disappearing from the earth at an amazing speed, and realize that human beings ought to enhance the awareness of protecting wild species as soon as possible.Listening and Talking introduces the theme of " how to help wildlife in Ss’ neighborhood.". Now there are many volunteers who spontaneously protect wild animals, carry out various activities according to local conditions, and contribute their own strength to local animal protection with practical actions. Middle school students are also enthusiastic participants. They organize activities in their spare time, and take this opportunity to make friends, broaden their horizons, cultivate team spirit and communication skills. This section describes a bird watching activity organized by several middle school students of Bird watching Club. It aims to stimulate students' interest, improve their understanding of bird watching activities, and use the language structure of “being used for; in order to, so as to, to, so that, in order that ” to express the purpose for communication and discussion.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of using visuals to predict content.2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to save endangered wildlife and help wildlife in their neighborhood.3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “I am concerned about…” “what do you know about the endangered animals in…" and so on to talk about one of the endangered animals.
This unit is about the Internet, which has a great influence to our humans and our lives. During the Listening & Speaking & Talking and Reading and Thinking section, the influence in examples has been shown. Thus, use the Present Perfect Tense is appropriate. However, in order to show the justice or weaken the doer of the behavior/action, it’s better to use the Present Perfect Passive Voice than the Present Perfect Tense. Besides, having learned to use the Present Perfect Passive Voice, students can beautify their language in their writing. 1. Learn the structure of the Present Perfect Passive Voice and its functions. 2. Learn to change the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice into the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice. 3. Learn to write sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly according to the context. 1. Learn the structure of the Present Perfect Passive Voice and its functions. 2. Learn to change the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice into the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice. 3. Learn to write sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly according to the context. Step 1 Observe the following sentences, then change the sentences into passive voice.He has been selected to take part in the sports meeting.(肯定句)他已被挑选出来参加运动会。The ink has not been removed from his overcoat.(否定句)墨迹还没有从他外套上去掉。
Paragraph 3. Jan decided to start an IT club to teach old people how to use computers and the Internet. Paragraph 4. Jan has started taking online classes to learn more about how to use the Internet to make society better. Paragraph 5. Jan’s life has been greatly improved by the Internet. Step 5: Critical thinking:(1)How do you arrange your time spent on study and the Internet? Is it reasonable? I usually surf the Internet using my mobile phone for only an hour after class, and it is reasonable for me.(2)What are your online activities? Are they safe? I chat with my friends, read news and play games. I never give away my private information so I think they are safe.Step 4: summary Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web. There are countless articles (1)______(tell) us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient. But the Internet has done a lot (2)_____(much) for people than simply make life more convenient. People’s lives (3) _________________(change) by online communities and social networks so far. Take Jan for example, who developed a serious illness that made her (4)_____(stick) at home with only her computer to keep (5)___(she) company. She joined an online group (6)______ she could share problems, support and advice with others. She considered the ability to remove the distance between people as one of the greatest (7)_______(benefit). She was so inspired (8)____ she started an IT club in which many people have been helped. She has started to learn more about how to use the Internet to make society better. Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money (9)___ children in poor countries. Jan’s life has been (10)______(great) improved by the Internet. Step 5 Homework:Review what we have learned and find out the key language points in the text.
⑦identity theft 身份盗窃⑧chat room 聊天室⑨draft your blog post 起草博客帖子⑩post embarrassing photos 张贴尴尬照片 【话题句式】 1. How do you stay safe online and avoid bad experiences on the Internet? 你如何在网上保持安全, 避免在网上的不良经历? 2. I’m not an expert, but many years as a blogger have taught me a thing or two. 我不是专家, 但作为一个博主, 我已经学了好几年了。 3. If you see or read something that makes you feel uncomfortable, leave the site immediately. 如果你看到或读到一些让你觉得不舒服的东西, 立即离开这个网站。4. Don’t give out your address or phone number. 别告诉别人你的地址或电话号码。 5. Identity theft is a common and serious problem. 身份盗窃是一个常见而严重的问题。6. Being online is no excuse for being rude, and you don’t want to become a target for a troll or cyberbully. 上网并不是无礼的借口, 你也不想成为发挑衅帖子的人或网络恶霸的目标。 7. Trolls often use several false names so that they can stay on a site. 发挑衅帖子的人经常使用几个假名, 这样他们就可以留在一个网站上。8. However, the more polite you are, the less likely it is you will be attacked. 然而, 你越有礼貌, 你被攻击的可能性就越小。
Step 1 Lead inThere are many interest of places in the UK. What do you know ?The Big Ben the London Tower the Thames RiverStep 2 Before reading---analyze the titleBeautiful Ireland and its traditionWe know that the article mainly tells about the beauty and traditions of Ireland. Step 3 While reading---Task 1Read the text and answer the following questions.Q1: What makes the Irish countryside exciting and inspiring?Its beauty and how it offers something for all the scenes.Q2: What are the best ways to experience some Irish traditions and cultures?By stopping by a village pub and relaxing with a drink and traditional meal while listening to music and watching dancingQ3: What is the meaning of “breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song ?”It means to not just smell but also breathe in the smell of fresh flowers early in the morning as the birds sing their first song of the new day.Q4: What are the best ways to experience Chinese traditions and customs ?By travelling to different places and using all your senses to experience everything and by interacting with local people.Step 4 While reading---Task 2Analyze the descriptive paragraph1. Identify and underline the paragraph’s introductory sentence and the ending sentence.Introductory sentence: Ireland’s beautiful countryside has always had a great influence on its people and traditions.Ending sentence: And if you introduce yourself to a friendly face, you are more than likely to experience local culture and customs first-hand.2. The paragraph talks about different senses in different places. Write the senses and places in the order that they appear.
This lesson is about music. Students can classify the types of music through the instruments and its sound and can talk about their preferences about music, even join some activities and play a role in them according to their musical talents. On the basis, they are guided to use the languages to express their preferences and some plosive sounds and their rules.1. Classify the music types through the instruments and its sound.2. Listen and understand what the speakers’ preferences are and the reasons; talk about their own preferences and give their own reasons, using these sentences: “What kind of music do you like? And why? “ “Because it makes/gives me energy/peaceful.../touches my heart...”.3. Learn some plosives and the rules.4. Join some activities and play a role in them according to the talents. 1. Listen and understand what the speakers’ preferences are and the reasons;2. talk about their own preferences and give their own reasons, using these sentences: “What kind of music do you like? And why? “ “Because it makes/gives me energy/peaceful.../touches my heart...”.3. Learn some plosives and incomplete plosives and its rules.Step 1 Lead inPoint at the pictures on P50 and ask Q1: What are the people doing in the pictures below?Q2: What kind of music they are?Then play the MP3s one by oneStep 2 ListeningTask 1: A reporter from the school newspaper is interviewing students about music. Listen to the interviews. Draw lines between the words to make complete sentences. Some words will not be used.
(4)Now we have heard a number of outstanding speeches ... 我们已经聆听了许多精彩的发言……(5)Because we wanted the nations of the world, working together, to deal with ... 因为我们希望全世界各国团结起来去应对……(6)And if we do not act ... 如果我们不采取行动……(7)Now, I share the concerns that have been expressed ... 我也同意对于……表达的担心(8)Let us show the world that by working together we can ... 让我们告诉全世界,通过一起努力我们可以……(9)It is now time for us to ... 是时候我们……(10)And I have always wished that ... 我一直希望……(11)Thank you for letting me share this day with me.感谢你们和我共度这一天。实践演练:假如你是高中生李华,你校将举办一次以“音乐”为主题的演讲比赛,请你按照主题,写下你的演讲稿。注意:词数100左右。First of all, thank you for listening to my speech. My topic is: love music like love yourself.Music is like the air we need to maintain our normal lives around us. You can't imagine how terrible a world without music would be. Movies and TV shows have no music, only dry conversations and scenes; mobile phones only vibrations; streets only noisy crowds; cafes, western restaurants only depressed meals. What a terrible world it is!As a student, I hope we all can enjoy the fun brought by music in our spare time. Instead of just listening to music, we can even make our own music. Let's enjoy the fun of music!Thanks again for your attention!
2. Explore the significance of the establishment of Sarek National Park.Q1: Which event is the most important one in the park’s history?Ss: The establishment of Sarek national park in 1909 is the most important one.Q2: Is it worth making a place like Sarek a national park? Give your reasons.Ss: Yes. In this way, the place can be kept in its natural state and natural beauties and other rare and valuable resources can be preserved instead of being destroyed by endless exploitation driven by profits.Q3: How does the writer organize his introduction to the history of Sarek?Ss: The writer organizes his introduction in the sequence of time, using time indicators such as “used to”, “around 9,000 years ago”, “soon after”, “following the reindeer”, and “in 1909”.Q4: What is the feature of the language used to introduce the history of the park?Ss: The introduction to the park is to provide facts, using time indicators to organize the events. Sentences starts with “third person” and passive voice is used more often, feeling objective.【设计意图】学生寻找和梳理公园历史上的重要事件,体会人与自然的和谐关系,评鉴介绍性语言的特点。【核心素养提升点】发展自主提取、梳理文本信息能力,训练逻辑思维和高阶思维。Activity 3: Highlighting the secret of the text
【设计意图】 基于上述分析,学生总结新闻故事语篇类型的特征,即标题的省略性、导语的概括性、数据的支撑性和引语的重要性。在此过程中,学生对新闻故事语篇类型有了更深层次的了解,对于学生阅读和写作具有重要意义。Activity 7: Discussing to make a writing outline.本活动为实现课时目标3。1.Discuss and make an outline.Ask students to discuss in groups of four and make their own writing outline.To celebrate the 70th anniversary of the People’s Republic of China, our school newspaper starts a new column about “People of Achievement”. You plan to write a news story about one of the winners of the Medal of the Republic in 2019, including Yu Min, Shen Jilan, Sun Jiadong, Li Yannian, Zhang Fuqing, Yuan Longping, Huang Xuhua and Tu Youyou.【设计意图】 教师创设情境,即为庆祝新中国成立70周年,校报新增有关卓有成就人物的栏目,你将从共和国勋章获得者中,选择一位写一篇新闻故事,向该栏目投稿。学生以小组合作形式,展开讨论,并写出新闻故事框架,有助于学生课后收集人物信息,撰写新闻故事。
【设计意图】以“新科技是一把双刃剑”为主题开展讨论活动。这个话题比较大,所以给了一定的限制,首先需要以智能家居为例来阐述科技发展对未来生活产生的影响,然后列举其优点和缺点,最后就以上现象发表自己的观点。这个活动是对整个文本的创意性总结与意义的升华,留给学生一定的想象空间,学生借此机会可以运用文本内容和语言表达自己对科技发展的看法和态度。Assignments:1. Finish Exercise 4 on Page 15 of the textbook.A smart home is one that integrated computers into the structure of the building itself. In this way, many of the things that we now do ourselves become automatic. For example, the smart home could control the air conditioning and lights so that you would no longer have to turn switches on and off, and so that your home would be more energy-efficient. The smart home could also monitor itself to make sure that everything is working as it should, and send you warnings if there is a problem. Such smart homes could even be programmed to detect your health problems, and then give you reasonable advice as to the food you should eat or if you should see a doctor. So, in a sense, smart homes will lead us to living smarter lives.2.Create a smart function for your home, and share your creation in the next period.
本阅读材料的话题是交际中的肢体语言,作者从三个方面讲述了肢体语言的特征与作用,通过主题句和举例阐述的方式让读者了解不同文化中肢体语言的相同或者不同的意义,并从更抽象、概括的维度深入认识肢体语言的特点,理解肢体语言的作用。基于肢体语言的特点,作者提醒读者在与人交流中,尤其是当文化背景有差异的时候,要使用得体的肢体语言,尊重、理解和包容不同的文化,进行有效、有素养的沟通。文本共由六个段落组成,篇章结构为“总—分”。第一段用简练的语言引出了话题,并且从我们自身表达的需要和了解他人感受两个角度讲述了肢体语言的作用。第二段阐述了肢体语言的第一个重要特点——肢体语言在不同的文化中有不同的内涵——这也是文中写作篇幅最大的一个要点,最为重要。通过讲述肢体语言的这一特点,作者向读者传递了要尊重不同的文化、要使用与所在文化相宜的肢体语言。
1. 完成文本主要信息填空(斜体字部分设空):As a witness to farmers’ poor harvests and even a severe shortage of food, Yuan Longping was determined to devote his life to tackling this crisis. After graduation, he realized that what farmers needed most was to boost yields in the fields. Yuan was convinced that the answer lay in the creation of hybrid rice, one characteristic of which is that it usually achieve higher output than conventional crops. However, it was no easy job. The first difficulty he needed to overcome was scientists’ general assumption that this could not be done. Through trial and error, Yuan managed to generate this incredible crop. It is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China was comprised of crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains. His innovation has enabled Chinese farmers to considerably expand their output and helped feed the world. Unwilling to retire early to a life of leisure and unconcerned about celebrity or fortune, Yuan continues to turn one vision after another into realities.2. 模仿写作:Do some research via the Internet and introduce another agricultural scientist, Chen Risheng(陈日胜), using the structure, expressions and writing techniques you have learnt from the text “A Pioneer for All People”.【设计意图】任务1是对文本内容和词汇学习成效的检测。任务2借助文本中学到的词汇和写作手法仿写另一位科学家,提升学生迁移运用词汇、文体结构和写作方法的能力。
本活动旨在落实课时教学目标2。 1.Think, discuss and share. Students form groups of 4, discuss about the given ending make comments. Q1: Do you like the ending? Q2: Was it a logical ending? Why so or why not? [设计意图]通过引导学生思考、讨论、评价,比较个人、同伴所预测的结局和听力文本所给定的结局的异同点,深化对文本的认知,发展学生的评判性思维能力。 Activity 4: Exploring Asimov’s three laws of robotics and the purpose of the writing 本活动旨在落实课时教学目标3。 1. Get to know Isaac Asimov’s three laws of robotics. The teacher shares Isaac Asimov’s three laws of robotics. The three laws state that: ①A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm. ②A robot must obey any orders given to it by human beings, except where such orders would conflict with the First Law. ③A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law. Q: How does Tony’s story relate to the laws? 2. Figure out Isaac Asimov’s purpose of writing Satisfaction Guaranteed. The students express their opinions about the author’s writing purpose. Q: Why did Isaac Asimov write such a story? S: To explore the relationship between robots and humans. [设计意图]通过了解艾萨克·阿西莫夫所制定的机器人三大定律,加深学生对文本的理解,深入探究文本的主题意义。推理作者的写作目的,联系生活实际,思考人类与机器人的关系。
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