一、说教材本节课选自于人教版语文必修二第二单元诗三首中的一首诗歌,它是陶渊明归隐后的作品。写的是田园之乐,实际表明的是作者不愿与世俗同流合污的心声,甘愿守着自己的拙志回归田园。学习该诗,有助于学生了解山水田园诗的特点,感受者作者不同流俗的高尚情操,同时可以培养学生初步的鉴赏古典诗歌的能力。
(3)改造主观世界同改造客观世界的关系。改造客观世界同改造主观世界,是相互联系、相互作用的。改造主观世界是为了更好地改造客观世界,人们在改造客观世界的同时也改造着自己的主观世界。通过自觉改造主观世界,又能提高改造客观世界的能力。师:人们对自己的思想道德境界的追求,是永远止境的。让我们共同努力,在践行社会主义思想道德的过程中,不断追求更高的目标,像无数先辈那样,加入到为共产主义远大理想而奋斗的行列中吧!课堂小结通过本节课学习使我们认识到面对现实生活中的思想道德冲突,加强知识文化修养和思想道德修养,不断追求更高的思想道德目标的必要性;把握了知识文化修养与思想道德修养的含义及其相互关系;明确了我们应该和怎样追求更高的思想道德目标;认识到这是一个永无止境的过程。我们要脚踏实地,从现在做起、从点滴小事做起,不断提高知识文化修养和思想道德修养,追求更高的思想道德目标。
五、说教学过程(重点说)1、课题引入:我设计以提问哲学到底是什么?的问题激发学生的阅读兴趣。我设计典型事例,通过学生讨论,教师总结的形式,并得出其实哲学就在我们身边。2、讲授新课:(35分钟)通过教材第一目的讲解,让学生明白,生活和学习中有许多蕴涵哲学道理的故事,表明哲学并不神秘总结并过渡:生活也离不开哲学,哲学可以是我正确看待自然、人生、和社会的发展,从而指导人们正确的认识和改造世界。整个过程将伴随着多媒体影像资料和生生对话讨论以提高学生的积极性。3、课堂反馈,知识迁移。最后对本科课进行小结,巩固重点难点,将本课的哲学知识迁移到与生活相关的例子,实现对知识的升华以及学生的再次创新;可使学生更深刻地理解重点和难点,为下一框学习做好准备。
一、教材地位《音乐与影视艺术》是人教版高中历史必修(III)第八专题中的第三节内容。音乐、影视艺术属于意识形态范畴,是当时政治、经济的反映,是社会进步的产物。19世纪以来的音乐与影视艺术糅合了近代科学技术的元素,直接引领着文明发展趋势和社会风尚,满足人们不同层次的审美需要和精神追求。音乐、影视艺术在人类日常生活中无处不在,已经成为人们日常生活中的重要组成部分,所以具有重要地位。本课分三个部分介绍了19世纪和20世纪音乐的发展与变化以及影视艺术的产生发展。下面我就谈谈对这节课的教学思路。二、教材分析1、课标要求课标的要求是:列举19世纪以来有代表性的音乐作品,理解这些音乐作品的时代性和民族性。了解影视艺术产生与发展的历程,认识其对社会生活的影响。2、教学目标根据新课标、教材内容、学生实际,确定教学目标如下:(1)知识与能力:①列举19世纪以来有代表性的音乐作品,理解这些音乐作品的时代性和民族性。
4.That was an experience that frightened everyone. →That was _____________________. 答案:1. taking 2. being discussed 3. in the reading room 4. a frightening experienceStep 6 The meaning and function of V-ing as the predicative动词-ing形式作表语,它通常位于系动词后面,用以说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”一种表示主语的特质、特征和状态, 其作用相当于形容词; 另一种具体说明主语的内容, 即主语等同于表语, 两者可互换。The music they are playing sounds so exciting. 他们演奏的音乐听起来令人激动。The result is disappointing. 结果令人失望。Our job is playing all kinds of music. 我们的工作就是演奏各种音乐。Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。Step 7 Practice1. It is ________(amaze) that the boy is able to solve the problem so quickly.2. Buying a car is simply _______(waste) money. 3. Please stop making the noise—it’s getting ________(annoy). 4. complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form.La Tomatina is a festival that takes place in the Spanish town Bunol every August. I think many food festivals are __________ because people are just eating. however, this festival is _________ because people don't actually eat the tomatoes. Instead, they throw them at each other! the number of people ________ part in this tomato fight, can reach up to 20,000, and it is a very __________ fight that lasts for a whole hour. The _______ thing is how clean Bunol is after the tomatoes are washed away after the fight. this is because the juice form tomatoes is really good for making surfaces clean!答案:1. amazing 2. wasting 3. annoying4. boring interesting taking exciting amazing
The theme of this section is “Talk about festival activities and festival experiences”.Festival and holiday is a relaxing and interesting topic for students. This part talks about the topic from the daily life of students’. In the part A ---Listening and Speaking, there are three conversations among different speakers from three countries(Japan, Rio and China), where the speakers are participating in or going to participate in the festivals and celebrations. So listening for the relationship among them is a fundamental task. Actually, with the globalization and more international communication, it is normal for Chinese or foreigners to witness different festivals and celebrations in or out of China. In the Conversation 1, a foreign reporter is interviewing a Japanese young girl who just had participated in the ceremony of the Coming-of-Age Day on the street and asking her feeling about the ceremony and the afterwards activities. Conversation 2, Chinese girl Li Mei is witnessing the Rio Carnival for the first time, and her friend Carla gives her some advice on the costumes which enables her to match with the carnival to have a good time. Conversation 3, a Chinese guide is showing a group of foreign visitors around the Lantern Festival and introducing the customs of the festival to them. The three conversations have a strong vitality and insert the festival and cultural elements from different countries. So perceiving the festivals and cultures from different countries is the second task. At the same time, the scripts also insert the targeted grammar --- v-ing as attributive and predicative, which students can perceive and experience in a real context and make a road for the further study. That is the third task. In the Part B--- Listening and Talking, the theme is “Talk about festival experience”, which is the common topic in our daily conversations. During the conversation, Song Lin, a Chinese student, asked Canadian friend Max about how to spend Christmas. In the conversation, Song Lin talked about experience and the feelings during the Chinese Spring Festival, during which there are not only some enjoyable things but some unpleasant things. After the listening, perhaps students find there are some similarities between Christmas and the Chinese Spring Festival as there are some differences in the origins and celebrations. For example, people always visit friends and relatives, decorate their houses, have a big dinner together, chat and give presents to each other.
Step 3 Analyzing article structureActivity 31. Teachers raise questions to guide students to analyze the chapter structure of this diary and think about how to describe the festival experience. (1)What should be included in the opening/body/closing paragraph(s)?(2)How did the writer arrange his/her ideas?(3)What kind of interesting details did the writer describe?(4)How did the writer describe his/her feelings/emotions during the event?2. Students read and compare the three sentence patterns in activity 2. Try to rewrite the first paragraph of the diary with these three sentence patterns. After that, students exchange corrections with their partners. Such as:●This was my first time spending three days experiencing the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and it was an enjoyable and exciting experience. ●I'll never forget my experience at the Naadam Festival because it was my first time to watch the exciting Mongolian games of horse racing, wrestling, and archery so closely. ●I'll always remember my first experience at the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region because it was so amazing to spend three days witnessing a grand Mongolian ceremony. Step 4 Accumulation of statementsActivity 41. Ask the students to read the diary again. Look for sentences that express feelings and emotions, especially those with the -ing form and the past participle. Such as:● …horse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch. ● some amazing performances● I was surprised to see…● I was a little worried about. . . ● feeling really tiredOther emotional statements:●I absolutely enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favourite part. ●I'm finally back home now, feeling really tired, but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it. ●He invited me back for the winter to stay in a traditional Mongolian tent and cat hot pot. I can’t wait!2. In addition to the use of the -ing form and the past participle, the teacher should guide the students in the appreciation of these statements, ask them to memorize them, and encourage them to use them reasonably in writing practice.
The topic of this part is “Write about your festival experience”.During the Listening and Speaking and Talking, students are just asked to say out their festival experiences such as the Spring Festival, Mid-autumn Day, but this part students will be asked to write down their own festival experiences. During the reading part, it introduces the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which can give students a good example to imitate. Students not only learn the festival, but touch and feel the Inner Mongolian’s character, the spirit and cultural atmosphere, which can help students form the cultural awareness and learn to enjoy and value the diversity of Chinese culture.Concretely, the dairy tells the experience that the author spent the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with his/her friend. The structure is clear. In the opening paragraph, it introduces the topic of the Naadam Festival and the whole feeling. Then it introduces the items of the festival like the ceremony, wrestling and horse racing. Finally, it summarizes this experience. Because this part is a travel journal, we must guide students pay more attention to these details: 1. use the first person. 2. use the past tense to tell the past thing and use the present or future tense to describe the scenery. 3. use the timeline to tell the development. 4. be careful for the author’s psychology, emotion and feeling, etc.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information about Naadam Festival.2. Learn the structure of the reading article and language.3. Write an article about a festival experience4. Learn to use the psychology, emotions and feeling in the writing.1. Write an article about a festival experience.2. Use the structure of the reading article and language.
The topic of this part is “Discover the reasons for festivals and celebrations.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at talking about the experiences and feelings or emotions about the festivals and celebrations. This section aims at detecting the reason why the people celebrate the festivals, the time, the places, the types and the way of celebrations. It also explains why some traditions in the old celebrations are disappearing, like the firecrackers in the big cities and some new things are appearing like the prosperity of business or commerce. 1. Students can talk about what festivals they know and the reasons and the way of celebrating them.2. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.3. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them. 4. Students can have the international awareness about the festivals.1. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.2. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat festival do you like best ? Why ?I like the Spring Festivals because I can set off the fireworks, receive the lucky money and enjoy the Gala with my families.Step 2 Before reading---Pair workWhy do people celebrate different festivals ?The Spring Festivals is to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring and new life.The Mid-autumn Day is to celebrate the harvest and admire the moon.
生2:每逢清明,或其他一些死者的纪念日,人们总要为死去的亲人烧纸钱。这幅漫画由烧纸钱演变为烧“家电”,说明随着社会环境的变化,人们根深蒂固的一些封建思想,还在影响着人们的生活。要花大力气去破除封建迷信活动。师:说到底,算命、烧纸钱是封建迷信活动,从文化角度来说,是落后文化。我们一起来看看在现实生活中,还有哪些落后文化在影响着人们的生活。生1:在一些边远落后地区,大人小孩生了病,不是看医生,而是让巫婆神汉来治,结果往往耽误了诊疗时间,有的甚至还丢掉了性命。生2:“重男轻女”“多子多福”,红白事大操大办现象在有些地方还很严重。师:这些落后文化都有哪些共同特征?在你看来,这些现象有哪些危害?生3:这些落后文化,在内容上带有迷信、愚昧、颓废、庸俗等色彩,在形式上常常以传统习俗的形式表现出来,如人们常见的看相、算命、测字、看风水等。它会麻痹人的意志,使人消极、悲观、绝望,对理想、前途、信念丧失信心;破坏社会的风气。
一、说教材《质点 参考系和坐标系》是人教版普通高中物理必修一第一章第一课的内容。本节课主要介绍了质点、参考系、坐标系的基本概念。通过本节课的学习为进一步学习后续课程起到了铺垫的作用。根据上述教材的结构和内容分析,又考虑到高一年级学生的认知结构及其心理特征,我制定了以下三维教学目标:1、知识与技能:知道质点的概念及条件;知道参考系的概念及作用;掌握坐标系的简单应用。2、过程与方法:促进学生自主学习,让学生积极参与、乐于探究、勇于实验、勤于思考,培养学生的科学探究能力。3、情感态度与价值观:通过质点 参考系和坐标系的学习,使学生了解生活与物理的关系,让学生学会用科学的思维去看待事物。根据普通高中物理课程标准,并在吃透教材的基础上,我确定了以下教学重点和难点:教学重点:质点概念的建立。只有掌握了这一点才能更加准确的理解和掌握后续教材的相关内容。
研究一种物理现象,总是要先从现象的描述入手。机械运动作为自然界最简单和最基本的运动形态,它所描述的是物体空间位置随时间变化的情况。因此,本节学习描述质点做机械运动需要时刻、时间间隔和位移等概念。相当一部分高一学生在具体过程中难以区别时刻和时间间隔。另外,由于思维的定式,在第一次接触既要考虑大小又要考虑方向的问题时,会因不适应造成学习困难。所以,区别“路程与位移”“时刻和时间间隔”是教学的重难点所在。学习这些内容的过程与方法对学习速度和加速度可以起到奠定基础的作用。教学的对象是高一的学生,这一时期的学生处在好奇善问、创新意识强烈的青少年期。对于生活中出现的各种现象具有浓厚的兴趣。但他们的思维还停留在简单的代数运算阶段,对于矢量和矢量运算的理性认识几乎没有。且对生活中出现的时间、时刻、时间间隔等不能做出很好的区分,对时常提及的路程、距离等形成了模糊的前概念。
学生回答的方法多样,让各小组根据自己讨论出来的方法对自己实验出来的纸带进行数据处理,并求出加速度,并且将多条纸带都进行处理,同时提醒学生对纸带的选择。接着,我会用多媒体展示重物下落实验打出来的纸带,用表格列出一段纸带上各点的瞬时速度,准确画出v-t图像,求出加速度,将结果给予学生的结果作对比,确定出正确结论。最后让学生分析总结:自由落体运动是初速度为零的匀加速直线运动,而且,多条纸带算出来的加速度的数值都接近相等,即加速度在实验误差允许范围内是相等的。引出重力加速度,介绍概念、方向及大小。(强调“同一地点”,让学生阅读教材中一些地点的重力加速度,可以了解重力加速度的大小与纬度有关,纬度越大加速度越大)。学习了重力加速度后让学生根据之前学习的匀变速直线运动公式推导出自由落体的运动规律。设计意图:让学生在学习过程中的主体地位和自主观能动性得到充分发挥,取长补短,培养了学生的实验操作能力,又使学生对自由落体运动的性质有深刻的印象,从而解决了本节课第二个难点。
设计意图:通过设疑、讨论及学生的亲身体验与教师的引导,得到描述圆周运动快慢的两个物理量,也就成功的打破了学生在认识上的思维障碍,突破了物理概念教学的难点。在解决线速度和角速度的问题之后,我将引领学生学习匀速圆周运动的概念以及匀速圆周运动中线速度、角速度的特点。并引出匀速圆周运动中周期、转速的知识。为了加深学生对线速度、角速度与半径关系的认识,我设计了第三个学生体验活动:四名学生以我为圆心做圆周运动,四名学生始终并列,这时里圈同学走动不急不慢,而外圈同学则要小跑。通过学生的活动,不难发现在角速度相同的情况下,半径越大的线速度也越大。定性的得到了线速度、角速度与半径的关系。接下来让学生利用所学知识推导线速度、角速度与半径的关系。设计意图:这样就通过设疑、学生猜想、体验、推导的方式得到了结论,突破了本节课的难点即线速度、角速度与半径的关系。
师:同学们这个暑假过得真不错呀,都有自己最开心的日子。同学们经历的这些活动,让你们自己长了知识,丰富了阅历,你们今天的介绍,也让我和更多的同学大开了眼界。由此可见,在今天,通过亲身参与、实践,通过网络、电影,通过交流发言,大家获得了许多新的信息、知识,增强了对祖国美好河山的热爱、对科技的向往和异国的友谊。同学们信息交流的过程,实际上也是文化传播的过程。板书课题:第二课时文化在交流中传播话题导入讨论话题:如何建设文明校园?(课前准备:要求同学们仔细观察、了解关于校园文明现象的问题,并就如何建设文明校园提出自己的建议。教师可按自然组,让学生推选一名代表发言,就校园文明方面谈谈存在的问题和不足,或提出一些中肯的改进意见)(学生交流)生1:建设文明校园,首先要净化语言环境,我们学校不少同学爱说脏话,与文明校园很不相称。
2、学生分析 九十年代初期出生的孩子,生活在一个充满活力的时代,张扬个性成为他(她)们的主旋律。面对这一时代的学生,沟通需要用心、用技巧,那也是一门艺术。高中学生的心理日趋成熟,有一定的知识积累,且比较丰富;语言逻辑性强,有较强的参与意识,求知欲望及表现欲望。学生主体参与的充分,表现在其主动性,积极性得到极大的调动。这与教师的主导作用是分不开的。本课教案就是要引导学生自己先阅读书本、独立思考、激发学生思维,引导学生各抒己见,让学生自己得出解答问题的结论,不追求答案的唯一。充分体现了读书是一种个体行为,每个学生有不同的体验。教师应跳出教案的问题模式,和学生一道去创造地发现问题、分析问题、解决问题,在成功中寻找快乐、在快乐中更加成功。同时特别注重创设的情景的选择性,有针对性和实效性,引导学生们积极、主动参与,使他们的潜能、智慧得出充分挖掘、展示。只有当学生们在课堂上表现出来的独特的、有创意的设计见解,学生主体参与和教师主导二者完美结合,才能表明该课的设计卓有成效。
3、问题设计:文化除了影响人们的交往行为和交往方式外,还影响人们的什么?4、师生总结得出结论:文化影响人们的实践活动、认识活动和思维方式。设计意图:通过主题的指引,让学生查阅并说说中国传统节日的来源、传说和意义。这是基于丰富课程资源的设计,将生活和学习领域的多种资源纳入课程的范畴,在活动中自主建构知识,并在教师的引导下,提高分析和解决问题能力,培养热爱祖国的思想感情,突破本框题第二个重点。过渡设问:文化对人影响有什么特点?设计意图:通过问题提示,集中学生的注意力,导入下一个环节的教学。环节三:文化对人潜移默化的影响。教案:1、多媒体播放“孟母三迁”故事动画片。2、讨论问题:“孟母三迁”的故事给我们什么启示?3、师生总结得出结论:文化对人具有潜移默化的影响。设计意图:“孟母三迁”的故事学生比较熟悉,而且这个故事的思想教育性较强。
2、文化反作用经济政治师:经济政治决定文化,那么,文化不是被动消极的呢?生:思考回答:文化反作用经济政治,不同的文化对经济政治的影响不同。师:文化反作用经济政治,对社会发展有重要影响。文化反作用表现在,文化可以为经济政治的发展,对社会的发展,提供方向保证、智力支持和精神动力。(1)文化反作用的体现。师:现代民主国家中,世界民主的先驱是英国,但英国却有国王,亚洲民主的先驱是日本,但日本却有天皇,其一个重要原因是文化的影响。这说明什么?生:思考发言……师:不同民族的文化,影响不同民族和国家的历史和发展道路。师:中东地区一直以来都是世界热点地区,如巴以冲突、伊拉克战争、阿富汗战争、基地组织等,其一个重要原因是宗教文化的冲突。这说明什么?生:思考发言……师:不同文化的冲突,影响社会的和谐安定和世界的和平安宁。
4.They were going to find someone to take part in their bet when they saw Henry walking on the street outside.[归纳]1.过去将来时的基本构成和用法过去将来时由“would+动词原形”构成,主要表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作(尤其用于宾语从句中),还可以表示过去的动作习惯或倾向。Jeff knew he would be tired the next day.He promised that he would not open the letter until 2 o'clock.She said that she wouldn't do that again.2.表示过去将来时的其他表达法(1)was/were going to+动词原形:该结构有两个主要用法,一是表示过去的打算,二是表示在过去看来有迹象表明将要发生某事。I thought it was going to rain.(2)was/were to+动词原形:主要表示过去按计划或安排要做的事情。She said she was to get married next month.(3)was/were about to+动词原形:表示在过去看来即将要发生的动作,由于本身已含有“即将”的意味,所以不再与表示具体的将来时间状语连用。I was about to go to bed when the phone rang.(4)was/were+现在分词:表示在过去看来即将发生的动作,通常可用于该结构中的动词是come,go,leave,arrive,begin,start,stop,close,open,die,join,borrow,buy等瞬间动词。Jack said he was leaving tomorrow.
知识目标1.了解传统工业区的分布、条件和工业部门。2.掌握传统的鲁尔工业区优越的区位条件,了解它的衰落原因及其综合整治途径。能力目标1.读图分析矿产资源与工业部门之间的联系,培养学生的地理思维能力、综合分析能力,明确工业生产也应因地制宜。2.联系实际,了解当地传统工业发展状况,为适应当今世界经济发展状况,应有哪些改善措施,培养学生的创新能力。德育目标1.通过了解鲁尔区的发展变化,用发展的观点看待传统工业区的改造,适应世界发展潮流。2.中国已经“入世”,我们应用辩证唯物主义观点分析我国传统工业今后遇到的机遇和挑战。