《小蝌蚪找妈妈》是统编版二年级上册第一单元的一篇寓水的知识于趣味故事中的科学童话。课文采用拟人手法,以第一人称“我”的叙述方式,生动形象地介绍了自然界中水的变化及其利与害。课文用词准确、语言优美、想象丰富,把知识性、科学性融于趣味性之中,文中多处运用短长句的方式写出了语言的节奏感,拟人化的词句增强了画面感,充满情趣。比如“有时候……有时候……”“落”“打”“飘”体现了用词准确、严谨的特点。教学时以学生为主体,让每个人有尝试的机会和自主选择的权利。力求采用自主、合作的学习方式探究问题,解决问题,使学生在生生互动、师生互动中,相互启发,拓展思路,分享学习之乐。让学生在开放而有活力的课堂氛围中始终处于积极主动的学习状态,变“被动地学”为“主动地学”。 ·教学目标· 1.认识“晒、极”等15个生字,会写“变、极”等10个生字,读准多音字“没”。掌握“天空、傍晚”等词语。2.能正确、流利、有感情地朗读课文,简单说说水的变化过程。3.了解气候常识,知道汽、云、雨、冰雹和雪都是水的不同形态。知道水的利与害。4.通过学习,让学生知道只有合理地利用水资源才能造福人类的道理,树立环保意识,激发学生探究科学的兴趣。 ·教学重难点· 1.教学重点:能正确、流利地朗读课文。简单说出水的变化过程,体会“落、打、飘”用词的准确,并能仿照说句子。2.教学难点:了解气候常识,知道汽、云、雨、冰雹和雪都是水的不同形态。知道水的利与害。
《树之歌》是统编版二年级上册第二单元的一篇识字课文。介绍树木特征的归类识字歌,描写了杨树、榕树、梧桐树……等11种树木,表现了大自然树木种类的丰富。课文安排了一组“木”字旁归类识字。把树木的名称集中在一首诗歌中,让学生在感受美丽景色、感受美好生活的同时,认识事物,认识表示树木的汉字,感知不同树木的名称。教学的过程中可引导学生在诵读文本的同时,体现多样的识字形式,要将识字教学与阅读文本有机融合, 在反复的读书体会中,引导学生发现汉字规律,运用形声字形旁表义、声旁表音的特点归类识字,并鼓励学生运用已经掌握的方法自主识字。 1.认识“梧、桐”等15个生字,会写“杨、壮”等10个生字。学会运用形声字的特点自主识字。2.正确、流利地朗读儿歌,并背诵全文。3.通过看图和读儿歌,初步了解11种树木的基本特点。积累与树木有关的语句。4.引导学生学会观察身边的事物,树立爱护花草树木的意识。 1.教学重点:学会本课生字,利用形声字特点掌握木字旁的8个生字。朗读课文,背诵课文。了解不同树木的特点。2.教学难点:能按掌握形声字的构字特点,了解11种树木的基本特点。积累与树木有关的语句。能背诵课文。 2课时
《植物妈妈有办法》是统编版二年级上册第一单元的一篇讲述植物传播种子的诗歌,作者运用比喻和拟人的修辞手法,以富有韵律感的语言,生动形象地介绍了蒲公英、苍耳、豌豆传播种子的方法。从植物妈妈的办法中,能感到大自然的奇妙,激发学生了解更多的植物知识的愿望,培养学生留心观察身边事物的习惯。教学过程中,可以将课文插图与诗句相配合,感受三种植物传播种子的方式。课文插图画面鲜活、直观、富有儿童情趣,既能激发学生的学习热情,又能辅助学生认识事物,理解重点词句。 1.认识“植、如”等12个生字,会写“法、如”等10个生字,读准多音字“为”和“得”。2.正确、流利、有感情地朗读课文,背诵课文。3.了解蒲公英、苍耳、豌豆三种植物传播种子的方法。4.激发学生观察植物、了解植物知识、探究植物奥秘的兴趣。 1.教学重点:正确、流利、有感情地朗读课文,背诵课文。了解蒲公英、苍耳、豌豆三种植物传播种子的方法。2.教学难点:激发学生观察植物、了解植物知识、探究植物奥秘的兴趣。 2课时
《场景歌》是统编版二年级上册第二单元的一篇识字课文。这是一组数量词归类识字。把数量词分类集中在四幅不同的图画之中,让学生在感受美丽景色、感受美好生活的同时,认识事物,认识表示事物的汉字,初步感知不同事物数量词的表达方式。全文共五节。第一节是一幅大海风景图。第二节是一幅山村田园风光图。第三节是一幅公园景色图。第四幅是少先队员活动的场面。教师要充分调动学生的积极性,采用各种各样的方法,让学生自己认字,朗读。在教学的过程中,通过结合图片和上下文,欣赏美丽景色,感受美好生活,同时认识事物,初步感知不同事物数量词的表达方式。 1.认识“帆、艘”等10个生字,会写“处、园”等10个生字。2.正确朗读课文。初步感受场景展示的美丽景色,了解不同事物数量词的不同的表达。3.选择照片或图画,仿照课文,学习用数量词表达生活中的事物。4.培养学生留心观察周围事物的习惯,培养学生的观察能力和想象能力。 1.教学重点:会认、会写课文相关生字。正确朗读课文。背诵课文。初步感受场景展示的美丽景色,了解不同事物量词的不同表达。2.教学难点:培养学生留心观察周围事物的习惯,培养学生的观察能力和想象能力。学习用数量词表达生活中的事物。 2课时
Step 3 Analyzing article structureActivity 31. Teachers raise questions to guide students to analyze the chapter structure of this diary and think about how to describe the festival experience. (1)What should be included in the opening/body/closing paragraph(s)?(2)How did the writer arrange his/her ideas?(3)What kind of interesting details did the writer describe?(4)How did the writer describe his/her feelings/emotions during the event?2. Students read and compare the three sentence patterns in activity 2. Try to rewrite the first paragraph of the diary with these three sentence patterns. After that, students exchange corrections with their partners. Such as:●This was my first time spending three days experiencing the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and it was an enjoyable and exciting experience. ●I'll never forget my experience at the Naadam Festival because it was my first time to watch the exciting Mongolian games of horse racing, wrestling, and archery so closely. ●I'll always remember my first experience at the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region because it was so amazing to spend three days witnessing a grand Mongolian ceremony. Step 4 Accumulation of statementsActivity 41. Ask the students to read the diary again. Look for sentences that express feelings and emotions, especially those with the -ing form and the past participle. Such as:● …horse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch. ● some amazing performances● I was surprised to see…● I was a little worried about. . . ● feeling really tiredOther emotional statements:●I absolutely enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favourite part. ●I'm finally back home now, feeling really tired, but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it. ●He invited me back for the winter to stay in a traditional Mongolian tent and cat hot pot. I can’t wait!2. In addition to the use of the -ing form and the past participle, the teacher should guide the students in the appreciation of these statements, ask them to memorize them, and encourage them to use them reasonably in writing practice.
The themes of this part are “Talk about how to become an astronaut” and “Talk about life in space”. As Neil Armstrong said “Mystery creates wonder and wonder is the basis of man’s desire to understand. Space is difficult for human to reach, therefore, humans are full of wonders about it. However, if wanting to achieve the dream of reaching the Moon, some of our human should work hard to be an astronaut at first. Part A(Talk about how to become an astronaut) is a radio interview in a radio studio, where the host asked the Chinese astronauts about his story how to become an astronaut. Yang Liwei told his dreamed to be an astronaut since childhood. Then he worked hard to get into college at 22. The next 10 years, he gradually became an experienced pilot. At the same time, to be an astronaut, he had to study hard English, science and astronomy and trained hard to keep in good physical and mental health and to practise using space equipment. Part B (Talk about life in space) is also an interview with the astronaut Brown, who is back on the earth. The host Max asked about his space life, such as his emotion about going back the earth, the eating, shower, brushing, hobbies and his work. Part A and Part B are interviews. So expressing curiosity about the guests’ past life is a communicative skill, which students should be guided to learn.1. Students can get detailed information about how Yang Liwei became an astronaut and Max’s space life.2. Students learn to proper listening strategy to get detailed information---listening for numbers and taking notes.3. Students can learn related sentences or phrases to express their curiosity like “ I wish to know...” “I’d love to know...”4. Students can learn more about the space and astronauts, even be interested in working hard to be an astronaut
The theme of this unit focuses on “space exploration.” Students will learn about the training and experience needed to become an astronaut. The text is mainly about the development of space exploration. On the one hand, the text helps students to have a good understanding about the great feats humans have achieved, on the other hand, they will further understand the contributions that we Chinese have achieved, and feel confident and proud about our homeland and strengthen their love for our country. The teacher should instruct students to aim high and study harder to make great progress in the space career if possible.1. Read about the development and value of space exploration.2. Explore the mysteries of the universe and the achievements in space exploration.3. Skillfully use the vocabulary of this text to cultivate self-study ability 4. Develop cooperative learning ability through discussion.1. Enable the Ss to talk about the development and value of space exploration.2. Guide the Ss to summarize the main idea of each paragraph as well as the main idea of the text.3. Help Ss comprehend the main reasons for space exploration. Multi-media, textbook, notebooks.Step 1: Warming up and predictionLook at the title and the pictures of the text and predict what the text will be about?2. What are the main reasons for space exploration?
⑦在我看来, 探索太空是值得的。As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space.Step 10 Writing---draftRecently, students in our class have had heated a discussion on whether space is worth exploring. Students hold different ideas about it.30% of us think space exploration is not worthwhile. They think space is too far away from us and our daily life and is a waste of money. And the money spent on space exploration can be used to solve the earth’s problems such as starvation and pollution.On the other hand,70% think space is worth exploring because we have benefited a lot from it,such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast. What’s more,with further space research,we may solve the population problem by moving to other planets one day. Also,space research will enable us to find new sources to solve the problem of energy shortages on the earth.As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space. Not only can it promote the development of society but also enrich our life. Step 11 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1.Does the writer explain why he/she changed/wanted to change?2.Does the writer tell how the changes have improved or will improve his/her life?3.Is the text well-organised?4.Does the writer use words and expressions to show similarities and differences?5.Are there any grammar or spelling errors?6.Does the writer use correct punctuation?
? Could you offer me some kind of work here?? I don’t want your charity, I just want an honest job.? Careless: I landed in Britain by accident.Step 7:Consolidation.? Find Henry? Roderick and Oliver were I .making a bet when they saw Henry, a poor young man. ? Know Henry? About a month ago, Henry was sailing and later he found himself carried out to sea by a strong wind. Fortunately, he 2.was spotted by a ship. And it was the ship that brought him to 3.England? Offer money to Henry ? Oliver and Roderick gave Henry a letter and told him that there was money in it. They 4.persuaded him to accept it, and made him 5.promise that it wouldn't be opened until 2 o'clock.Step 8:Language pointsa large amount of: a large quantity of; a great deal ofe.g. They bought a large amount of furniture before they moved their new house.make a bet: make an arrangement to risk money, etc. on an event of which the result is doubtful.e.g. We made a bet on the result of the match.permit sb to do something: allow somebody to do somethinge.g. My mother doesn’t permit me to ride in the street after it rained.by accident: as a result of chancee.g. I only found it by accident.stare at: look at somebody or something with the eyes wide open in a fixed gaze( in astonishment, wonder, fear, etc)to be honest: to tell you the truth; to be franke.g. To be honest, I don’t think we have a chance of winning.Step7 Homework:What do you think will happen to Henry? Will the bank-note help him or get him into trouble?
2. 您能看到, 我头发太长了。You can see that my hair is much too long.3. 无论什么时候, 只要您想回来就回来。Please come back whenever you want.4. 您仅有很少的头发要理! You only have too little hair to cut !5. 为您服务是我的荣幸!It is my honour to serve you!Step 9 Writing(Henry is walking down the street when he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to have it cut. )H=Henry B=BarberH: Good afternoon, I’d like to have my hair cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry’s hair and continues cutting another man’s hair. ) Er, I’d really like a haircut. As you can see it’s much too long. B: (in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H: Fine, well, I’ll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber’s chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B: It’s quite expensive here, you know! Are you sure you can afford it?H: Yes. I think so. (After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B: Why Mr. . . (looks shocked)H: Adams. Henry Adams. I’m sorry. I don’t have any change. B: Please don’t worry! (wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about! Nothing at all! Please come back whenever you want, even if you only have too little hair to cut! It will be my honour to serve you!Step 10 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Are all the elements of a play included and in good order ?2. Do the character use suitable language ?3. Are the stage directions clear and useful ?4. Is the plot clear and exciting enough ?
方法总结:(1)若被开方数中含有负因数,则应先化成正因数,如(3)题.(2)将二次根式尽量化简,使被开方数(式)中不含能开得尽方的因数(因式),即化为最简二次根式(后面学到).探究点三:最简二次根式在二次根式8a,c9,a2+b2,a2中,最简二次根式共有()A.1个 B.2个C.3个 D.4个解析:8a中有因数4;c9中有分母9;a3中有因式a2.故最简二次根式只有a2+b2.故选A.方法总结:只需检验被开方数是否还有分母,是否还有能开得尽方的因数或因式.三、板书设计二次根式定义形如a(a≥0)的式子有意义的条件:a≥0性质:(a)2=a(a≥0),a2=a(a≥0)最简二次根式本节经历从具体实例到一般规律的探究过程,运用类比的方法,得出实数运算律和运算法则,使学生清楚新旧知识的区别和联系,加深学生对运算法则的理解,能否根据问题的特点,选择合理、简便的算法,能否确认结果的合理性等等.
属于此类问题一般有以下三种情况①具体数字,此时化简的条件已暗中给定,②恒为非负值或根据题中的隐含条件,如(1)小题。③给出明确的条件,如(2)小题。第二类,需讨论后再化简。当题目中给定的条件不能判定绝对值符号内代数式值的符号时,则需讨论后化简,如(4)小题。例3.已知a+b=-6,ab=5,求 的值。解:∵ab=5>0,∴a,b同号,又∵a+b=-6<0,∴a<0,b<0∴ .说明:此题中的隐含条件a<0,b<0不能忽视。否则会出现错误。例4.化简: 解:原式=|x-6|-|1+2x|+|x+5|令x-6=0,得x=6,令1+2x=0,得 ,令x+5=0,得x=-5.这样x=6, ,x=-5,把数轴分成四段(四个区间)在这五段里分别讨论如下:当x≥6时,原式=(x-6)-(1+2x)+(x+5)=-2.当 时,原式=-(x-6)-(1+2x)+(x+5)=-2x+10.当 时,原式=-(x-6)-[-(1+2x)]+(x+5)=2x+12.当x<-5时,原式=-(x-6)+(1+2x)-(x+5)=2.说明:利用公式 ,如果绝对值符号里面的代数式的值的符号无法决定,则需要讨论。方法是:令每一个绝对值内的代数式为零,求出对应的“零点”,再用这些“零点”把数轴分成若干个区间,再在每个区间内进行化简。
观察实验视频实验验证师:其实大家完全可以利用身边的器材来验证。实验1、用弹簧秤挂上钩码,然后迅速上提和迅速下放。现象:在钩码被迅速上提的一瞬间,弹簧秤读数突然变大;在钩码被迅速下放的一瞬间,弹簧秤读数突然变小。师:迅速上提时弹簧秤示数变大是超重还是失重?迅速下放时弹簧秤示数变小是超重还是失重?生:迅速上提超重,迅速下放失重。体会为何用弹簧秤测物体重力时要保证在竖直方向且保持静止或匀速实验2、学生站在医用体重计上,观察下蹲和站起时秤的示数如何变化?在实验前先让同学们理论思考示数会如何变化再去验证,最后再思考。(1)在上升过程中可分为两个阶段:加速上升、减速上升;下蹲过程中也可分为两个阶段:加速下降、减速下降。(2)当学生加速上升和减速下降时会出现超重现象;当学生加速下降和减速上升时会出现失重现象;(3)出现超重现象时加速度方向向上,出现失重现象时加速度方向向下。完全失重
教师出示相关校园安全知识。(1)食品安全a. 不到没有卫生许可证的小摊贩处购买食品,选择新鲜和安全的食物;注意查看食品的保质期限、配方等安全信息。b. 养成良好的卫生习惯,饭前洗手。 c. 彻底洗净蔬果;不吃霉变的食物;不吃生食;尽量不吃剩菜剩饭。d. 保持健康的饮食习惯,不把饮料当水喝,不吃烧烤、油炸、烟熏及膨化食品,注意三餐定时定量。(2)人身安全 a.有序进出教室,上下楼梯靠右行,不拥挤或互相推搡。 b.在校园追跑打闹。不爬学校的围墙,门窗、围栏、树木、球架。 c.课外活动和体育锻炼,要按有关安全规则进行。在往返家校的路上,要注意交通安全,行路要严格遵守交通规则。 d.不得携带管制刀具,违禁物品进校园。(3)消防安全 a.不携带易燃、易爆、有毒物品等进入校园。 b.若插座、照明灯、电风扇等电器发生故障,不得私自动手排除,应报告教师或总务处,由学校电工进行故障排除。
1、书中还有许多描写旺达的片段,哪一处给你留下了深刻的印象呢?请同座位互相交流。全班交流。老师也想和大家一起分享一点感受。老师读第13页片段,并谈感受。课件出示:孤单,被嘲笑者2、你有过被人嘲笑的经历吗?谈一谈。旺达是怎样面对同学们的嘲笑?3、转学之后,十三班的同学们收到了她爸爸的来信。谁愿意读读这封信?圣诞节来临之际,旺达也写来一封信。学生读。读完这两封信,大家肯定感慨万千,一定有很多话想说吧?全班交流课件出示:善良 宽容
把自然物改造成人造物 1.提问:请小组展示作品,并请别的同学推想这件作品是怎样被改造出来的?我们改造后的树叶是什么样子的?而改造前的树叶又是什么样子的?(教师引导学生思考并说出自然物变成人造物的过程,采用倒推的方式,结合现实中的人造物,去推想制成它的原材料,以及这些原材料在自然界中本来的样子。) 2.提问:生活中还有哪些物品,由自然物被制造成了人造物。(如:演示经过加工变成了石碑或石雕;木头经过加工变成了木槌;兽皮经过加工变成了皮衣等等)
一、组织教学:检查学生用具准备情况二、讲授新课:1、引入阶段:引趣,挂出宇宙飞船,宇航员,飞碟等图案师问:图上的物体是些什么?是用来干什么的?挂出两幅完整的太空,科幻作品。介绍简单的太空知识和人类深索太空奥秘的活动。
一、“五个一帮带联系”的内涵 学校领导班子成员和各处室中层干部每人联系一个年级组,深入一个班级,指导一个教研组,帮扶一名青年教师,转化一名“学困生”。 二、具体工作要求 .联系一个年级组。联系年级组的干部要经常深入年级组,了解年级组工作情况,了解教师的工作情况和学生的学习情况,参加年级组全体教师大会、班主任工作会议,对年级的教育教学工作进行指导。参加年级组全体学生大会,对学生进行教育和鼓励。参加年级组家长委员会和家长会,了解家长对学校工作的意见和建议,对家庭教育进行指导和帮助。
[活动目标]1.引导幼儿发现学习,激发幼儿的好奇心和求知欲望,培养幼儿的探索精神。 2.通过各种探索影子的活动,使幼儿发现光和影子的关系。 [活动准备] 准备电灯、手电筒、幻灯机、投影仪等。活动在晴天的户外场地上进行。 [活动过程]1、在户外找影子:如树影、房影、人影等。让幼儿在阳光下和阴暗处分别跑一跑,看看自己的影子,对比了解阳光下有影子,阴暗处则没影子。说说怎样才能产生影子。2、想一想,什么时候什么地方发现过影子?(在灯光、火光、月光、手电光照射下有影子);请幼儿分别在灯光、火光、手电光照射下观察影子有什么不同,为什么?3、画影子:早晨中午、下午站在同一地点,两人一组互相帮忙,把地上的影子画下来。比一比,自己与他人的影子是否相同?在三个不同时期,自己的三个影子有什么变化?想一想影子为什么会变?
教学目标:1.充分认识安全工作的重要意义;2.在学习和生活中注意人生安全、饮食安全、交通安全等;3.进行预防灾害,预防突发事件的教育。教学过程:1.导入:列举出生活中的安全事例。2.安全工作的重要性a 公路上、公共场所的安全事故时有发生,是因为有的人安全意识不强。b 班级举例:学校发生的事故及后果。c 目前学校抓的几项工作。小学生应该注意安全的地方:1.学生讨论。2.集体归纳。(1)人身安全,在校园内或公路上不追逐打闹,不爬围墙,不爬树,不接近有电等危险地点,劳动时,注意安全,不与社会上不三不四的人交往,课外不玩火,不玩水。(2)交通安全,在公路上不追逐打闹,自觉遵守交通规则,交叉路口要注意行人车辆,通过公路要做到一停二看三通过。
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