
【教学参考】对“新政”作用的评价史学界对“新政”作用的评价是仁者见仁、智者见智,但基本上有三种观点,即“功大于过论”、“过大于功论”和“功过参半论”。持“功大于过论”者认为“新政”在美国历史上基本上是一种进步现象,首先,“新政”挽救了危机,使美国人民摆脱了危机的困苦局面;其次,在缺少足够的宏观经济政策知识的时代,罗斯福所做的努力确实是开创性的;再次,罗斯福“新政”开启了美国以后历届政府实施国家干预政策的大门,成为缓解自由主义经济制度之弊病的一剂良方,并在实质上加强了美国联邦政府的权威;最后,在30年代资本主义世界经济危机的背景下,同日本、德国为转嫁危机而发动战争的策略相比,“新政”无疑代表了一种进步、民主的解救危机方式。持“过大于功论”者认为“新政”未能使美国走出萧条、步入繁荣。

教学目标:1、知识与能力:(1)识记:理性、启蒙运动;伏尔泰、孟德斯鸠、卢梭等伟大的启蒙思想家及其主张;康德及启蒙运动的影响;(2)理解启蒙运动兴起的背景,分析启蒙思想的巨大影响;(3)认识上层建筑对社会发展的巨大反作用。2、过程与方法:(1)指导学生用表格法掌握启蒙运动主要代表人物及其思想主张;(2)运用比较法加深对启蒙思想家观点共性和个性的认识。(3)运用比较法对比文艺复兴和启蒙运动的异同,说明启蒙运动对人文主义思想的发展。3、情感态度与价值观:(1)通过本课的学习,让学生认识到“一定的文化是一定社会的政治和经济在观念上和形态上的反映”;(2)学习启蒙思想家追求真理的精神,培养学生远大的理想与抱负;(3)通过法国启蒙思想产生的巨大影响的分析,使学生认识意识形态对社会发展所起的重大作用,从而提高学习理论的自觉性。

Good expressions that students can choose to use: help the travelers choose which tour to take1. In my opinion, you could/might choose…, because you prefer to…2. …could be a perfect choice for you, for…3. As far as I am concerned, you would enjoy…, for…4. …would probably suit you, because you enjoy/love/hate doing…Step 5 Passage ConsolidationLanguage appreciation:1. You can then spend three days exploring the rainforest with a local guide and enjoying the plants and animals unique to the rainforest. 在接下来的三天里,您可以在当地导游的陪同下,深入雨林进行探索,欣赏雨林特有的动植物。本句主体结构为spend some time doing sth. 2. Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones. 印加的建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸,仅仅凭着石头间的完美契合,即可稳固墙体。本句为so that引导的结果状语从句。nothing与the perfect fit为并列成分; other than在句中意为“除了”。Step 6 HomeworkSuppose you will travel to Peru, write a short essay about your three-day tour plan.

This theme of the part is “ Describe people or things in greater detail”. Students have learned the grammar(restrictive relative clauses) in Book 1, and further review and consolidate its structure “prep+relative pronouns(which/whom)” and the relative adverbs(when, where and why), besides students should understand its form, meaning and functions. In this section, students should be able to express the grammar correctly in daily communication and in the writing. 1. Review the basic usages of relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses . 2. Learn to use some special cases about restrictive relative clauses.3. Learn to write sentences with restrictive relative clauses flexibly according to the context.1. Review the basic usages of relative pronouns and adverbs of attributive clauses .2. Learn to use some special cases about restrictive relative clauses.3. Learn tow rite sentences with restrictive relative clauses flexibly according to the context.Step 1. Observe the following sentences, and mark the relative pronouns and the adverbs. 1. After listening to the scientists who had studied the problems, and citizens who lived near the dam, the government turned to the United Nations for help.2. Temples and other cultural sites were taken down piece by piece, and then moved and put back together again in a place where they were safe from the water.Step 2 PracticePlease complete these sentences with relative pronouns and relative adverbs and answer the following questions.Questions: 1. What is the head noun ?2. What relative words should be used ?3. What elements do they act in these sentences ?

Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “Take part in a youth project”. The listening text is an interview about an international youth cultural heritage protection project. More than 20 high school students from seven countries participated in the project. The reporter interviewed two participants Stephanie and Liu Bin. By listening to the text, students can understand the significance of cultural heritage protection, and teenagers can use their knowledge, combine their own interests and advantages, etc. to participate in the action of cultural heritage protection. Listening and Talking introduces the theme of "Talk about history and culture". The listening text is a dialogue between two tourists and tour guides when they visit the Kremlin, red square and surrounding buildings. The dialogue focuses on the functional items of "starting a conversation", which is used to politely and appropriately attract the attention of the others, so as to smoothly start a conversation or start a new topic. The purpose of this section is to guide students to understand the history and current situation of Chinese and foreign cultural heritage in their own tourism experiences or from other people's tourism experiences, explore the historical and cultural values, and be able to express accurately and appropriately in oral communication.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to participate in cultural heritage protection activities.3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “I beg your pardon, but…” “Forgive me for asking, but…" and so on to start the conversation more politely and appropriately.

From the pictures in the text and the title--- choose the best app, we can know that this part is about how to save money by using apps.Step 2 While-listening1. Laura and Xiao Bo are talking about apps. Listen to their conversation and find out what apps they want.Xiao Bo is looking for a(n) exercise app to help him get in shape.Laura would like an app for getting rich and another that will make her grades better.2. Listen again. Are the sentences true T or false F?1). Both of Xiao Bo's apps keep track of the steps he takes._____2). Xiao Bo's second app can help him make a fitness plan._____3). Laura needs an app that will help her get discounts.______4). Laura needs an app that will add money to her bank account._______F T F T3. Listen once more and tick the sentence you hear. Underline the words used to express predictions, guesses, and beliefs.Predictions, Guesses, and Beliefs________It might help me walk more.________My guess is that it wouldn't work.________I imagine this app would help me get fit faster________I suppose that would be good.________I guess you could save a little with this app.________I suppose there would be some problems, too.________I believe this app could help me get thinner.

Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “ask about online habits”. Many middle school students have been surfing the Internet for many years, but what they do with the Internet and how much time they spend every day may not be very clear to themselves, nor to other students. This section allows students to investigate their peers' Internet use, which is conducive to their mutual understanding and understanding of the Internet. It can also help them reflect on their own online behavior, learn from other people's good online habits, and get rid of their bad online behavior.The listening text of this section is an investigation interview. The investigators interview specific groups with the same questions to obtain information, so as to understand their views, practices or attitudes on this issue. There are two specific questions: “how much time do you spend online every day? What do you usually do online?”. The answers of the three respondents provide rich and different information, and achieve the purpose of the investigators. The oral discourse structure of survey interviews generally includes greeting and explaining the purpose of the interview, presenting the interview questions and the respondents' answers. Listening and Talking introduces the theme of “choosing the right application ". Listening text is a conversation between Laura and Xiao Bo. In this part of listening, “oink”; “piggy bank” may cause the students' hearing comprehension limitation. Oink refers to sound word and pig's sound. So, add some oink to my piggy bank is often used to describe "making a little money".1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of listening for definitions.2. Cultivate students' ability to define words and understand an investigation interview.

This unit is about history and traditions. From the opening page, we can know that this unit will introduce the history and traditions around the world. As Marcus Garvey says “A people without the knowledge of their past history, origin and culture is like a tree without roots”, it is important for students to realize the importance and value of knowing the history and traditions and their further meanings. And this part ( listening and speaking ) is divided into two parts: Part A---share views on historic sites, Part B ---talk about a visit to a historic tourist destination. By talking with a foreigner, the speakers introduce the historic attractions and their cultures. Part A is that William, a British student, who was going to visit the Confucius Temple and a Chinese student, Xiao Kong, who was going to the Confucius Temple to meet with the members of the research group, went together and exchanged their views on the Confucius Temple, Confucius, Confucius' descendants and Confucius' educational thoughts. Part B is a conversation between Xiao Yan, a youth hostel receptionist and Paul, a backpacker about the feelings and experience after visiting the Chinese famous tourist attraction Pingyao.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to talk about historic spots and great person.3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of showing one’s excitement, surprise and disappointment.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to discuss with their peers the related topics.3. Enable students to use the functional items of showing one’s excitement, surprise and disappointment.

⑦identity theft 身份盗窃⑧chat room 聊天室⑨draft your blog post 起草博客帖子⑩post embarrassing photos 张贴尴尬照片 【话题句式】 1. How do you stay safe online and avoid bad experiences on the Internet? 你如何在网上保持安全, 避免在网上的不良经历? 2. I’m not an expert, but many years as a blogger have taught me a thing or two. 我不是专家, 但作为一个博主, 我已经学了好几年了。 3. If you see or read something that makes you feel uncomfortable, leave the site immediately. 如果你看到或读到一些让你觉得不舒服的东西, 立即离开这个网站。4. Don’t give out your address or phone number. 别告诉别人你的地址或电话号码。 5. Identity theft is a common and serious problem. 身份盗窃是一个常见而严重的问题。6. Being online is no excuse for being rude, and you don’t want to become a target for a troll or cyberbully. 上网并不是无礼的借口, 你也不想成为发挑衅帖子的人或网络恶霸的目标。 7. Trolls often use several false names so that they can stay on a site. 发挑衅帖子的人经常使用几个假名, 这样他们就可以留在一个网站上。8. However, the more polite you are, the less likely it is you will be attacked. 然而, 你越有礼貌, 你被攻击的可能性就越小。

Step 1 Lead inThere are many interest of places in the UK. What do you know ?The Big Ben the London Tower the Thames RiverStep 2 Before reading---analyze the titleBeautiful Ireland and its traditionWe know that the article mainly tells about the beauty and traditions of Ireland. Step 3 While reading---Task 1Read the text and answer the following questions.Q1: What makes the Irish countryside exciting and inspiring?Its beauty and how it offers something for all the scenes.Q2: What are the best ways to experience some Irish traditions and cultures?By stopping by a village pub and relaxing with a drink and traditional meal while listening to music and watching dancingQ3: What is the meaning of “breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song ?”It means to not just smell but also breathe in the smell of fresh flowers early in the morning as the birds sing their first song of the new day.Q4: What are the best ways to experience Chinese traditions and customs ?By travelling to different places and using all your senses to experience everything and by interacting with local people.Step 4 While reading---Task 2Analyze the descriptive paragraph1. Identify and underline the paragraph’s introductory sentence and the ending sentence.Introductory sentence: Ireland’s beautiful countryside has always had a great influence on its people and traditions.Ending sentence: And if you introduce yourself to a friendly face, you are more than likely to experience local culture and customs first-hand.2. The paragraph talks about different senses in different places. Write the senses and places in the order that they appear.

4. When he got absorbed in his world of music, he felt as if he could “see” the beauty of the world around him, like he had in his previous life.P·P as adverbial: _________________________________________________________________.Function: _______________________________________________________________________.Step 5 Solid Complete the passage with the words in brackets in their correct forms.Well known as a successful band, the Impact members show quite a few striking qualities. They never ever give up. When _____________(question) by the media, they are not _____________(discourage) and practise even harder. They are improving themselves by attending several master training class. They are united. _____________(fill with) team spirit, they act as a whole, always aiming for glory. Step 6 Difference and similarity from -ingObserve the following examples.1. He went out, shutting the door behind him.=He went out, ________________________________________________________.2. Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for help.=__________________________________________, he went to his parents for help.Similarity: _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.Difference : _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.Step Practice1. ________ in a hurry, this article was not so good. 因为写得匆忙, 这篇文章不是很好。2. ________ carefully, he found something he hadn’t known before. 他仔细读书时, 发现了一些从前不知道的东西。3. ________ why he did it, the monitor said it was his duty. 当被问及他为什么要这么做时, 班长说这是他的职责

The Internet celebrity Gao Yifeng. Years ago, he owned 5 companies and the staffs over 1,000, but during the economy crisis, he became nothing but debt. He was so worried that his hair became white overnight. There was a time when he wanted to killed himself. But after listening to the song Start Over by Liu Huan, he decided to cheer himself up. He started a steamed bun shop and gradually became a national chain shops. Now he became successful again.Walter Haddon said, “Music is the medicine of a troubled mind.” Music contains such a pleasant and inspiring force. Music gave him courage and bravery. When he listened to the song, it made his spirit fly like a kite in the wind. Music gave him strength and brought him relief. It was the rock I leant on to become strong and to get through those hard times. I hope none of us have to go through the same kind of suffering that he did. At the same time, we all go through various periods when we feel sad or alone. During those times, music can help us in the same way that it helped him. I hope we all will somehow begin to treasure music and make it a part of our life. Thank you for your listening !5.Revise your writing each other.Does he/she explain how music has changed his/her/someone else’s life?Are some of the rhetorical devices included and used properly ?Does he/she talk about how music makes him/her/someone feel?Is the first word in each sentences capitalised?Does he/she use correct punctuation ?

(4)Now we have heard a number of outstanding speeches ... 我们已经聆听了许多精彩的发言……(5)Because we wanted the nations of the world, working together, to deal with ... 因为我们希望全世界各国团结起来去应对……(6)And if we do not act ... 如果我们不采取行动……(7)Now, I share the concerns that have been expressed ... 我也同意对于……表达的担心(8)Let us show the world that by working together we can ... 让我们告诉全世界,通过一起努力我们可以……(9)It is now time for us to ... 是时候我们……(10)And I have always wished that ... 我一直希望……(11)Thank you for letting me share this day with me.感谢你们和我共度这一天。实践演练:假如你是高中生李华,你校将举办一次以“音乐”为主题的演讲比赛,请你按照主题,写下你的演讲稿。注意:词数100左右。First of all, thank you for listening to my speech. My topic is: love music like love yourself.Music is like the air we need to maintain our normal lives around us. You can't imagine how terrible a world without music would be. Movies and TV shows have no music, only dry conversations and scenes; mobile phones only vibrations; streets only noisy crowds; cafes, western restaurants only depressed meals. What a terrible world it is!As a student, I hope we all can enjoy the fun brought by music in our spare time. Instead of just listening to music, we can even make our own music. Let's enjoy the fun of music!Thanks again for your attention!

教师提示:1.这句话的本体不是一般意义上的“中国诗”,即不是指中国诗歌中的某一类作品或某位诗人的作品,而是指中国诗的发展特点。早熟,是指“纯粹的抒情诗的精髓和峰极,在中国诗里出现得异常之早”;早衰,是指“中国诗一蹴而至崇高的境界,以后就缺乏变化,而且逐渐腐化”(腐化,是对诗的思想内容和艺术价值而言的)。这句话,借助比喻和比喻中的对比(“早熟”与“早衰”),从诗歌发展的角度,简要地说明了中国诗的艺术特征和由此产生的负面影响。2.这句话有两层意思:一是借梵文的《百喻经》阐释中国的艺术和思想体构上的缺欠,旨在批评;二是点明造成这种缺欠的根本原因。“一个印度愚人要住三层楼而不许匠人造底下两层”这样的建筑物就是“飘飘凌云的空中楼阁”,作者以此作喻,批评中国的艺术和思想体构缺乏严密的逻辑性,往往脱离客观实际,没有坚实的基础,其结果必定影响艺术的健康、稳定地发展。

教学重点1.自由落体运动的概念及探究自由落体运动的过程。2.掌握自由落体运动规律,并能运用其解决实际问题。教学难点演示实验和探究实验的技巧及自由落体运动规律的得出.教学过程设计思想:1、 先用游戏激发学生学习兴趣,顺理成章地研究落体运动;2、 通过演示实验让学生自己总结出物体下落快慢不同的主要原因是空气阻力,从而猜想若没有空气阻力会怎样;3、 用牛顿管实验验证猜想,引入了新的理想运动模型:自由落体运动。讲述1971年宇航员做的实验,加深印象;4、 了解地球表面物体下落运动近似成自由落体运动的条件;5、 着手研究自由落体运动的规律,利用打点计时器进行研究,得到结论;6、 总结自由落体运动特点及重力加速度;7、 应用训练

演示实验1、将一张纸和一张金属片在同一高度同时释放,结果金属片先着地。教师不发表意见,继续做实验。分别将实验内容和实验结果板书在黑板上。2、将刚才的纸片紧紧捏成一团,再次与硬币同时释放,结果两者几乎同时落地。3、将两个完全一样的纸片,一个捏成团,一个平展,则纸团下落快。师:物体下落快慢是由质量决定吗?生:不是的!师:为什么这样说?生:第2个实验和第三实验都说明了这个问题,特别是第3个问题,质量一样却下落有快慢之分。师:那你现在觉得物体下落快慢由什么因素决定呢?生:我想应该是空气阻力。猜想师:如果影响物体下落快慢的因素是空气阻力,那么在没有空气阻力,物体的下落快慢应该是一样的,这种猜想是不是正确呢?我们来做一个实验验证一下。

1、第一,材料一和材料二的选举方式有什么异同?(1)相同点:①都采用了演讲和答辩等形式,都带有竞选的性质;②都采用无记名、直接选举的方式进行投票选举;③都属于差额选举。(2)不同点:①材料一是对村主任进行的正式选举,结果是直接产生村主任,材料二是对镇长候选人进行的选举,结果只是确定镇长候选人,镇长人选还有待进行正式选举;②材料一是全体村民都参加选举,材料二是各户派代表参加选举;③材料二比材料一更强调竞选的方式。第二,你还知道哪些选举方式?除了直接选举外,还有间接选举、等额选举、差额选举等。第三,你能对这几种选举方式的意义和效果,作出自己的评估吗?这是学习中要探究的问题,这里不一定能回答出来,等到学完本框内容后,可以得出比较明确的答案。第四,材料三给了你什么启示?这个问题不要求统一的答案,能讲出一两点即可。提示如下:(1)新中国成立后,选举制度经历半个多世纪的发展,正在逐步走向完善;

环境问题 是伴着人口问题、资源问题和发展问题产生。本质是发展问题 ,可持续发展。6分析可持续发展的概念、内涵和 原则?可持续发展的含义:可持续发展是这样的发展,它既满足当代人的需求,而又不损害后代人满足其需求的能力。可持续发展的内涵:生态持续发展 ,发展的基础;经济持续发展,发展条件;社会持续发展,发展目的。可持续发展的原则:公平性原则——代内、代际、人与物、国家与地区之间;持续性原则——经济活动保持在资源环境承载力之内;共同性原则— —地球是一个整体。【总结新课】可持续发 展的含义:可持续发展是这样的发展,它既满足当代人的需求,而又不损害后代人满足其需求的能力。可持续发展的内涵:生态持续发展,发展的基础;经济持续发展,发展条件;社会持续发展,发展目的。

1.了解我国城市等级划分的标准,知道不同国家和地区城市等级划分的标准是不同的。2.了解不同的城市等级其城市地域结构不同,提供的服务种类和服务范围是不同的。联系城市地域结构的有关理论,说明不同规模城市服务功能的差异。3.了解不同等级城市服务范围的嵌套理论,了解不同等级城市空间分布特点。教学重点:1.了解我国城市等级划分的标准2.了解不同的城市等级其城市地域结构不同,提供的服务种类和服务范围是不同的。教学难点::不同等级城市服务范围的嵌套理论教具准备:多媒体教学方法:比较分析法、图示法、讲述法、列表对比法教学过程:第一课时导入新课:我们生活在不同的城市,如广州、佛山、西樵等,我们知道,这些城市有大小之分,也就是说城市等级是是不同的,那么城市的等级是如何划分的呢?不同等级城市的服务功能如何呢?这就是我们今天要探讨的第二节

2、观看幼儿示范,倾听教师讲解,学习在指定范围内画彩色的点,表现美丽的大鱼。 3、学会认真、耐心地进行美术活动。 活动准备: 1、幼儿用书人手一册,棉签若干,颜料盘每组2-3盘。 2、水墨画、油画棒、水彩等形式表现的各种形态的鱼。 3、在白纸上画一条鱼的线条。 活动过程:一、听谜面、猜谜语、引出主题。 教师:有头没有颈,身上亮晶晶,有翅不能飞,没脚倒能行。这是一种生活在水里的动物,请你猜一猜这是什么动物?
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