1.根据下面的图文资料,说明前苏联垦荒区土壤风蚀的潜在自然背景。并说明人们的生产活动怎样加剧了这个过程。点拨:对图2.16的分析,要知道”垦荒地区”处于亚欧大 陆的中部偏北的地方,虽处于西风带但远离水汽来源,故降水稀少。从其周边的内陆湖“里海”、“咸海”的分布特点,可以推断,这是一个半荒漠向干草原的过渡地带,是一个生态环境比较脆弱的地区,其自然地理状况必定是寒冷、干旱、大风。2.20世纪60年代中期以来,前苏联在总结大规模垦荒经验教训的基础上,采取了一系列综合防护措施。仔细分析这些措施,你认为该地区防治荒漠化(土壤风蚀)的主要方向是什么?点拨:要善于将所列四项保护措施逐条进行分析,而后进行归纳,不难找出它们之间的共同的东西,那就是“抗旱、防风、保水、保土、保肥”。3.根据所学知识,你认为前苏联垦荒区防治荒漠化的对策与措施可以被我国的哪些地区所借鉴。
1.根据下面的材料,归纳珠江三角洲发展基塘生产有利的地理条件。珠江三角洲地势低平,河网密布,降水充沛。北回归线从珠江三角洲的北部穿过。桑树和甘蔗主要分布于热带和亚热带。广州是古代海上丝绸之路的起始地之一。水产品在广东人的食物结构中占有较大的比重。点拨珠江三角洲地区发展基塘农业生产有利条件可以结合材料,归纳为三个方面:地形、气候、市场(当地和海外)具体分析略。2.图4.16所示的基塘生产将哪些产业联系起来?哪些副产品(或废弃物)被充分利用起来?这种联系对农村经济发展有什么作用?点拨基塘生产环节将种植业(桑、蔗等)、养殖业(养蚕、养鱼)、工业(丝厂、糖厂)等几种产业紧密的联系在一起。在此环节中,塘泥、蚕沙(蚕屎)、蚕蛹、缫丝、滤泥、蔗叶等副产品被充分的回收利用。养蚕业、蔗糖加工业同塘鱼养殖业紧密结合,作为一种综合的经营,几者之间相互依存、相互促进、扬长补短,有机地循环联系起来。
1.阅读图5.16,说明产业向国外转移对日本经济的不利影响。点拨:图5.16直观的显示了产业转移对日本经济的不利影响:形成“产业转移出去的多,转移进来的少→国内生产投资不足,生产困难→市场萎缩→产业向外转移,外资不愿进入”的恶性循环。2.尽管重化工业的环境污染比较严重,但是却能为工业化的发展提供坚实的基础,因此成为发达工业的象征。日本、韩国的经济发展都经历了由轻工业(劳动密集型)到重化工业(资源密集型和资金密集型)到高科技工业(技术密集型)的阶段。(1)为什么日本、韩国在重点发展重化工业之前,要先发展劳动密集型工业?点拨:重化工业的发展一方面需要有一定的工业基础和技术工人,另一方面需要投入大量的资金,先发展劳动密集型工业有利于利用劳动力资源丰富且廉价的优势,积累资金和造就产业工人。所以,劳动力丰富的发展中国家或地区的工业化往往从优先发展劳动密集型工业开始。
2.通过西气东输输送到上海的天然气,价格只相当于进口天然气的3/4、同等热值煤气的 2/3。你认为是否应该提高天然气的价格,以促进西部的发展。点拨:可以从不同方面分析。⑷对环境的影响①有利于改善东部地区的大气质量据监测显示,在同等热值的情况下,与煤炭相比,利用天然气作燃料几乎不产生二氧化硫、粉尘等污染物质,氮氧化物和二氧化碳的排放量也大为减少。长江三角洲地区的能源长期高度依赖煤炭,例如,上海市煤炭消费量占能源消费总量的70%。从西部地区输送来的天然气,可以部分替代煤炭。②为了最大限度减少对沿线地区生态环境的影响,西气东输工程在建设过程中,严格环境保护的要求。③在沿线农村地区推广使用天然气,可减少农民对薪柴的需求,从而缓解因植被破坏而带来的环境压力。
注:号码代表自然带类型【讨论问题】(1)请将板图中符号与你所在的自然带“对号入座”(提问几位同学)。(2)哪些属于温带森林?哪些属于热带森林?(3)南半球缺少哪些自然带?(4)气 候类型相同而自然带不同的是哪种气候类型,哪些自然带?(5)自然带相同,气候类型不同的是哪种自然带,哪些气候类型?(6)两组同学“通道”之间所处的是什么自然带?(答:过渡带,说明自然带没有严格界线,整个自然界是非常和谐地过渡、相互联系结成的有机整体)。【放录像片】《各自然带景观》,看一段录像增加感性认识(教师可以使用自己编辑的录像资料)。【学生讨论】阅读课本P98“世界陆地自然带分布图”了解自然 带的基本分布情况:【学生回答】略。【教师总结】
⑤强调对外关系的灵活性。戈尔巴乔夫指出在对外政策中要采取多种办法选择不同的策略路线达到既定目标。在外交谈判中不要为自己制造死胡同,也不要给对方制造死胡同,要善于迎合伙伴,寻求接触点。在这种思想指导下,苏共采取的对外战略是以军控为中心的缓和战略,具体政策是继续与美国就裁军、消减核武器、限制地区冲突等问题进行谈判,缓解苏美关系;对西欧争取建立“全欧大厦”;对东欧实行纠偏、不干涉政策;对中国改善关系,实现关系正常化;调整与第三世界国家关系,解决阿富汗、柬埔寨等问题。 3、影响:①经济改革措施仓促上马,缺少宏观决策和相应的配套措施;加上戈尔巴乔夫没有放弃苏联的传统做法,继续优先发展重工业,致使改革未达到预期的效果,苏联经济持续下滑②经济体制改革受挫后,把改革的重点转向政治领域,最终导致国内局势的失控和苏联的解体。
●活动与探究从葡萄牙、西班牙、荷兰的兴衰历程,从英国的强盛历程,我们从中可获得什么启示?启示:积极发展本国的工商业;实现制度创新;抓住机遇,及时更新观念;建立能保障自身经济顺利发展的国防力量,尤其是海军力量;积极发展海外贸易,实行对外开放……★本课小结16世纪后期荷兰积极向海外殖民扩张,在17世纪建立了世界范围内的殖民帝国;17世纪开始,英国也积极向海外殖民扩张,并与荷兰、法国进行了激烈的争夺,到18世纪中期,英国成为世界上最大的殖民国家,最终确立了世界殖民霸权;新航路开辟后,伴随着殖民扩张,人类的商业活动开始在全球范围内开展,人类的经济活动由于世界市场的出现而第一次被广泛地联系在一起,而西欧国家对殖民地财富、资源、劳动力的暴力掠夺,是欧洲发展和兴旺的重要条件,也是亚、非、拉美灾难的根源。
第三、结算业务结算业务时商业银行为社会经济活动中的货币收支提供手段与工具的服务。银行从中收取一定的服务费用。除上述三大业务外,商业银行还可以提供债券买卖与兑付、代理买卖外汇、代理保险、提供保管箱等其他服务。教师活动:商业银行在我国经济建设中具有巨大作用。请同学们看教材52页专家点评。学生活动:阅读课本,认真总结,得出结论(三)课堂总结、点评 这节课我们重点学习了储蓄存款和商业银行的有关知识,知道了储蓄存款活动程序、主要机构、特点和利息的计算等常识,了解了各种商业银行主要业务及其作用。这对于我们在日常生活中正确地办理金融储蓄业务将有重大指导作用。★课余作业 组织学生到附近银行、企业、居民中,咨询银行信贷活动的程序及原则要求,并亲自到商业银行办理一次存款和取款活动。
2、建立国际新秩序(1)建立国际新秩序是解决和平与发展问题的有效途径为了和平与发展,必须改变旧的国际秩序,建立以和平共处五项原则为基础的有利于世界和平与发展的国际新秩序。这是抑制霸权主义、强权政治,解决和平与发展问题的有效途径,是每个国家生存和发展的最基本和最重要的外部条件。教师活动:引导学生阅读教材103页“相关链接”材料,并思考所反映的问题学生活动:积极思考并讨论问题教师点评:世界发展的主体是世界各国人民。世界的管理必须由各国人民共同参与。这是各国人民的共同呼声。(2)国际政治经济新秩序的主要内容建立国际政治经济新秩序,就是要保障各国享有主权平等和内政不受干涉的权利,保障各国享有平等参与国际事务的权利,保障各国特别是广大发展中国家享有平等的发展权利,保障各个民族和各种文明共同发展的权利。
1.指导学生阅读“亚洲水稻农业分布示意图”2.指导学生阅读“亚洲气候类型分布图”和“亚洲地形分布图”3.指导学生阅读“亚洲人口分布图”4.提示学生思考:世界主要粮食作物有哪些?水稻种植对气候和土地的要求是什么?东南亚的气候和地形还适宜其他农作物生长吗,为什么不选择?水稻种植对劳动力数量有什么要求?5.引导学生总结本区农业生产的特点。6.引导学生总结季风水田农业的区位因素。7.提醒学生思考:“农业区位的主导因素是自然因素还是社会因素?通过对比商品谷物农业来总结。”(过渡)。列举农业区位因素。画图或示意讲解。阅读示意图,指图说出分布区域。说出水稻分布区的气候类型和气候特点,以及地形特征。说出水稻分布区的人口分布特征。思考并回答问题。列举本区农业生产的特点。列举本区农业生产的区位因素。
思考:结合资料,看看“广钢”的搬迁还考虑到什么因素?主要从谁的角度去考虑?展示资料:广钢建于1958年,由于城市化进程的加快,原来地处偏僻的广钢一带现已成闹市,广钢因此给周边带来了许多不便,并屡被投诉,投诉的主要内容是烟气、粉尘超标。近日,《珠三角环境保护规划纲要(草案)》(以下简称《纲要》)正式提交省人大常委会审议,按照《纲要》要求,2010年前,广东省将关、停、并、转、迁位于城市中心区高能耗、重污染的工业企业。学生讨论:环保要素、政策要素……从市民、政府等社会角度去考虑板书:2、环保要素 3、政策的变化小结:影响工业区位选择的因素很多,不同的工业区位选择要考虑的主导因素可能是一个或几个,应因地制宜,具体分析。并且影响区位选择的因素随着社会的发展而变化;社会、环境需要对工业区位也有一定的影响力。所以工业区位选择是复杂的,应综合考虑各种因素,以取得最大的经济、社会、环境综合效益。学生活动:计算机模拟工业选址,看谁是最英明的决策者(通过实践应用让学生感受到工业的区位选择应综合考虑)
1、 前提条件:①环境几乎一样的平原地区,人口分布均匀2、 ②区域的运输条件一致,影响运输的惟一因素是距离。城市六边形服务范围形成过程。(理解)a.当某一货物的供应点只有少数几个时,为了避免竞争、获取最大利润,供应点的距离不会太近,它们的服务范围都是圆形的。 b.在利润的吸引下,不断有新的供应点出现,原有的服务范围会因此而缩小。这时,该货物的供应处于饱和。每个供应点的服务范围仍是圆形的,并彼此相切c.如果每个供应点的服务范围都是圆形相切却不重叠的话,圆与圆之间就会存在空白区。这里的消费者如果都选择最近的供应点来寻求服务的话,空白区又可以分割咸三部分,分别属于三个离其最近的供应点。[思考]①图2.15中城市有几个等级?②找出表示每一等级六边形服务范围的线条颜色?③叙述不同等级城市之间服务范围及其相互关系?3、理论基础:德国南部城市4、意义:运用这种理论来指导区域规划、城市建设和商业网点的布局。1、 应用——“荷兰圩田居民点的设置”。
从右图“进出口贸易占全国的比重”可看出,珠三角地区的外向型经济特征很明显,但正在缓慢的发生转变;而长三角地区的外贸依存度在10年内迅速增长。由此可见,珠三角地区城市化过程,是伴随着该地特殊的经济发展相对自发地快速推进,缺乏宏观而理性的规划。阅读通过此阅读材料,使学生大致了解以下内容深圳作为珠江三角洲地区迅速城市化的一个典型代表,到目前为止,对其未来发展道路的构想,主要集中在:如何联合和依托临近区域、联合优势资源,扩大发展空间;如何明确功能,重新定位,合理分工,突出特色。活动长江三角洲地区城市的协调发展1.读图4.28,如果按人口规模>500万人、100万~500万人、50万~100万人、20万~50万人和<20万人将城市分为五级的话,分析长江三角洲地区城市的等级规模结构是否合理,这对其城市的协调发展有何影响?
Textbook: Senior English for China (Book 4), by Liu Daoyi Time Allotment: 1 period (40 minutes)Date: March 20, 2014Teaching aids: blackboard, Multi-media, Power Point, chalk I. Text Analysis (教材分析)This unit is about body language, and the text selected in the reading part demonstrates the difference and similarity of body language in many parts of the world. Through learning this passage, students are required to raise their awareness of using body language in different parts of the world. As body language is closely related to our daily life, it is easy to arouse students’ interest in learning this text. Reading skills and speaking training are designed around the text.II. Teaching Objectives (教学目标)By the end of the lesson, students will be able to:1. Language Skill Objective(语言技能目标): develop reading ability (skimming and scanning)as well as speaking ability.2. Cultural Knowledge Objective(文化知识目标): know about the cultural differences of using body language.3. Affective Objective(情感目标): increase students’ awareness of using body language correctly in different cultures. III.Teaching Focuses and Difficulties(教学重点和难点)1. Teaching Focuses(教学重点): the difference and similarity of body language in many parts of the world.2. Teaching Difficulties(教学难点): develop students’ reading abilities of skimming and scanning and ask the students to show their opinions with fluent English.
Good morning, distinguished judges:It’s my honor to talk about my teaching ideas with you. Today my topic is Women of Achievement. My presentation consists of six parts: the analysis of teaching material and student, teaching aims, key and difficult points, teaching and studying method, teaching procedures and blackboard design.First, let’s focus on the analysis of teaching material. This lesson is from New Senior English for China Student’s Book 4 Unit 1, the reading part. The main topic of the passage is the introduction of a student of Africanwildlife. After this lesson, the students will learn more information about her studying chimps in Africa, and their reading and speaking abilities can be developed as well.The next part is the analysis of students. My students are in senior high students. They have learnt English for many years, they’ve known many words and sentences, but their speaking and reading abilities are still not very good. So I will practice their speaking and reading abilities through different exercises.According to the New Standard Curriculum and the present situation, I set the teaching aims as follows: firstly, knowledge aims. Students can grasp some new words, such as worthwhile, move off. Moreover, students can understand the content of the passage and get familiar with the topic of studying chimps in wildlife. Secondly, ability aims. Students can use reading strategies such as skimming and scanning in reading process. Thirdly, emotional aims. Students can have the awareness of protecting animals and care about animals.Based on the above analysis, the key point of this lesson is to get the main idea and the detailed information from the passage; the difficult point is to talk about the wildlife protection and use reading strategies.
Language learning needs a context, which can help the learners to understand the language and then can product comprehensible output, so computer has the advantages to make the materials attractive.Part 3 Learning MethodsTask-based, self-dependent and cooperative learningPart 4 Teaching ProcedureStep One Lead-in“Interest is the best teacher.” Therefore, at the very beginning of the class, I should spark the students’ mind to focus on the centre topic “the band”. I’ll show some pictures of food to attract their attention and then bring some questions.Question:What kind of food they like?What should go into a good meal?The answers must relate to the diet. After this, the students will be eager to know something about a balance diet and this is the very time to naturally lead the class into Step 2Step 2 Reading for information: skimming and scanning In this step, I use Task-based Language Teaching method, which can give students a clear and specific purpose while skimming and scanning the context.Task 1 General ideaThe students will be asked to just glance at the title and the pictures of the passage, and then guess what they will read in the text. And they’ll be divided into groups of four to have a discussion.The purpose is to inspire the students to read actively, not passively. In addition, the task is to develop the students’ reading skill by making prediction and to encourage the students to express their thoughts in English and cooperate with each other.Task 2 Main idea of each paragraphCooperative learning can raise the students’ interest and create an atmosphere of achievement. Based on this theory, I divide the whole class into 4 groups to skim the whole text and get the main idea of each paragraph.
Good afternoon, teachers, It’s my great pleasure to be here sharing my lesson with you.The content of my lesson is Senior English Book 3 Unit 5 Canada —— “The true North”.I’ll be ready to begin this lesson from five parts. Analysis of the teaching material,the teaching methods,the studying methods, the teaching procedure,and Blackboard design.First, let me talk about the teaching material.Part 1 Teaching Material:This unit is about the introduction of Canada. By studying of this unit,we’ll enable the students to learn the geography, population, main cities, and natural beauty, natural resources of Canada. Through the training of the unit, it also requires students to learn some Language skills such as the expressions of position and emotions.So it plays an important part in the English teaching in this book.After studying the teaching material and analyzing the rule of children’s growing of mind,I think the teaching aims are the followings:1.Knowledge objects:(1) make the students learn some new words and phrases(2) make the students understand the content of the lesson.2.Ability objects:(1)To develop the Ss’ abilities of listening, speaking, reading and writing. Especially reading and speaking ability.(2) learn to talk about the characters of Canada in English(3)To train the Ss’ ability of working in pairs.3.Emotion objects:(1)Enable students to understand the characters of Canada..(2)Stimulate Ss to work hard to make China stronger.Part 2 Teaching Methods:I think helping students learn to master new words and phrases and improve the students’ reading and speaking ability is import and the difficult.According to the analysis of the teaching material and the import points and the difficult points,I will use the following teaching methods : question-guiding approach; fast-reading and careful reading; multi-media teaching methods; discussion
The oldest and the most popular park in the worldenjoy the exciting activities thereget close to the life-size cartoon characters like Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck Step 3 Pre-reading1.What do you suppose a theme park is ?2.What do you think you can see in a theme park?(1.It is a kind of amusement park which has a certain theme – that the whole park is based on. 2.buildings, castles, statues, rare animals and birds, and so on.) Step 4 Reading ----- Theme Parks –---- Fun and More Than Fun1.Predict : Read the title and the pictures on P. 34 and PredictWhat is the meaning of the title “Theme Park – Fun and more than fun”?(The title means that theme parks are fun to visit, but that they can also be educational and can offer useful information.)2.Skimming Fast read and answer:What activities can we take in a theme park?Amusement park: Bumper car Merry-go-round slide bungee jumping Free-fall rides Horror films Pirate ship Ferris wheel roller coaster3.Scanning Read again and you will find various theme parks are mentioned in the passage . Then what are they ?Theme parks: Sports theme park History theme park Culture theme park Marine or Ocean theme Park Future park Science theme park Disneyland4.Careful reading and find the main idea of each paragraph:THEME PARKS---- entertaining/ educationalPara.1 Traditional parks are places to go for relaxation and to have time away from our busy lives.Para.2 Theme parks are different They’re large and full of things to do, see and buy.Para.3 Theme parks are built around a single idea or theme. One example is a sports park.Para.4 Another kind of theme park is historical more and cultural and can be educational.Para.5 Disneylandwas the first theme park. It is based on the fantasy life and characters of Disney’s films.Para.6 Some examples of educational theme parks include sea world parks and science parks.
Knowledge objectives:(1) to make Ss grasp the usage of words, expressions and sentence structures: statistics, struggle, thanks to, rid of, some patterns for persuasion, the “ing” form as subject and object;(2)to use learnt knowledge to persuade sb.Ability objectives:(1) to develop Ss’ reading skills(skimming, scanning, word guessing);(2) to improve Ss’ speaking, communicating and cooperating skills.Emotional objectives:to make Ss know the contribution of Yuan,and learn his spirit and his simple life time.Teaching important and difficult points:(1) some words, expressions and sentence structures mentioned above;(2)the content of the text;(3)training their reading and speaking skills.Teaching methods: CLT, TBLT,QT.Learning strategies: CLS, QLS, TBLS.Teaching procedures:Step 1 lead-in: (1) teacher plays a piece of recent news from CCTV about the harvest of the super hybrid rice, and ask students whether they know Yuan or not, and talk about him and his contribution.(2)Brain storm: let Ss describe Yuan in their minds including his appearance, his living condition and so on.Step 2 fast reading tasks:(1)teacher introduces Yuan and super hybrid rice(2)make Ss read the text as fast as possible with questions. Such as: what’s the general ideaof this passage? What’s Yuan’ dream? (skimming and scanning skill)Step 3 intensive reading tasks(1)let Ss read the text silently, find topic sentence of each paragraph and draw the difficult sentences and the knowledge what they don’t understand.(words guessing)(2)teacher and Ss talk about the important words, expressions and sentences together, and ask Ss to retell the content of the text.(summarizing and paraphrasing)(3)teacher summarize this part.(4) read again following the courseware.
通过写文章梗概,培养学生综合运用语言的能力,学习用恰当的英语描述科学家的故事。这是本课的教学难点。教师可以使用完形填空的方式来帮助学生整理语篇,从而来降低难度。本课的教学重点的突破方法是:在阅读前,让学生初步了解得出科学观点所需要的基本程序,从而轻松而自然地导入文章的阅读;在阅读过程中,由易到难设计快速阅读和精读的问题,层层推进各种阅读活动,让学生对阅读内容从整体感知到细节理解,最后深层读懂整篇文章,同时加强阅读策略的指导,让每个学生都主动参与课堂教学活动,最终达到提高阅读能力的目的。Step 4 Post-readingGroup Activities四人小组共同合作,在老师的适当指导下,就以下2个问题展开讨论,让学生就所知、所学、所感和所想融入话题,然后抽若干同学代表作小组发言。1. What do you think about John Snow, and what should we learn from him?2. Cholera was 19th century disease, which two diseases are similar to cholera today? Why?
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