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山东省泰安市2018年中考历史真题试题（含解析）
【古代篇】材料一春秋以前，土地属于国家所有。春秋以来，由于铁农具和牛耕的使用和推广，大量荒地被开垦出来，一些奴隶主将新开垦出来的田地变成私产并出租……——摘自人教版教材《中国历史》（七年级上册）（1）面对上述变化，商鞅在变法时采取了怎样的措施？材料二元世祖即位之初就发布诏令：“国以民为本，民以衣食为本，衣食以农桑为本。”——《元史·食货志》（2）材料中的诏令表明了元世祖治理国家的什么态度？元世祖为此采取了哪些具体的措施？
江西省2017年中考历史真题试题（含解析）
材料一 拿玻仑在其所有征服地区都贯彻法国革命的一些基本原则。他废除封建制度和农奴制，承认所有公民的平等，实施其著名的法典。虽然各地的既得利益集团坐立不安，反对这些变革，但变革也在许多地方得到普遍的支持。——斯塔夫里阿诺斯《全球通史》材料二 1763至1914年这一时期是欧洲直接或间接地成为全球主人的时期，在世界历史上居有突出地位。欧洲的霸权不仅在政治领域——以大殖民帝国的形式——表现得很明显，而且在经济和文化领域也表现得很明显。——斯塔夫里阿诺斯《全球通史》（l）依据材料一，概括拿破仑的变革得到支持的原因。（2分）（2）依据材料二并结合所学知识，分析欧洲“成为全球主人”的原因。（2分）
山东省滨州市2018年中考历史真题试题（含解析）
26. 我国统一的多民族国家已有两千多年的发展历史,“大一统”情怀成为维系民族团结和国家统一的牢固纽带。阅读下列材料,回答问题。材料一： 华夏民族大一统的国家伟业到了汉武帝时代,完成了从地理空间到精神空间的整合与凝聚,正是这个伟大而充满凝聚力的民族共同体,承载着中华文明古往今来的生生不息。2000多年来的中国历尽沧桑,也曾战乱分裂,但是不管危机多么深重,由秦汉帝国开创的这一民族共同体总是能够重新走上统一、安定的大道,重现勃勃生机。——翦伯赞《中国史十五讲》(1)开创“华夏民族大一统的国家伟业”的是谁？汉武帝为实现“从地理空间到精神空间的整合与凝聚”,在政治和思想方面分别采取了什么措施？
江苏省盐城市2017年中考历史真题试题（含解析）
材料三在清朝的辽阔的领土上，生活着汉、满、蒙、回、藏等五十个少数名族。清朝在边疆地区分社机构，进行有效的管辖……使我国统一多民族国家得到了进一步巩固。﹣节选自人教版《中国历史》七下教材材料四香港回归祖国二十周年，是件值得全体炎黄子孙热烈庆祝的大事，它是迈向祖国全面统一的重要步骤，又是用新思维以和平方式圆满解决领土问题的一个范例。﹣节选自紫荆网（1）材料一中的“封建领主制”是我国古代什么政治制度？“在六国的废墟上建立的封建专制主义国家”指哪一政权？（2）材料二反映了汉武帝巩固“大一统”的什么措施？
四川省乐山市2017年中考历史真题试题（含解析）
（1）以下表述，与材料一信息一致的，请在答题卡上相应的括号内划“√”；违背了材料信息的，请在相应的括号内划“×”；材料信息没有涉及的，请在括号内划“○”。（4分）①新中国的外交政策是和平共处五项原则。（ ）②新中国成立初期，团结亚、非、拉美国家是我国外交的重点。（ ）③美蒋特务制造了企图谋害周恩来等中国代表的“克什米尔公主号事件”。（）④20世纪70年代， 我国结束了同美国、日本长期对立的僵局，实现了关系正常化。（ ）
湖北省黄冈市2017年中考历史真题试题（含解析）
材料一十八世纪，封建王朝统治下的法国是个农业国，但资本主义工商业已经有了很大的发展，资本主义的发展，要求冲破封建制度的束缚。1789年7月，法国大革命爆发。……十九世纪上半期，俄国资本主义已经有所发展。在欧洲工业革命的影响下，还出现了手工劳动逐步被机器生产取代的趋势。但俄国落后的农奴制限制了自由劳动力的供应和国内市场的开拓……1861年，沙皇亚历山大二世批准了废除农奴制的法令。﹣﹣摘编自《世界历史》九年级上册教材
山东省滨州市2017年中考历史真题试题（含解析）
材料三 欧洲著名城市规划家罗斯穆森认为“整个北京城乃至世界的奇观之一，它的（平面布局）匀称而明朗，是一个卓越的纪念物，一个伟大文明的顶峰。”﹣﹣北京师范大学出版社《历史》七年级下册（3）除北京城外，列举我国古代工程领域另外两项“世界的奇观”。 材料四 现代世界文明赖以建立的基本发明创造，有一半以上来源于中国……曾经改变了世界，直到15世纪以前，中国的科学技术在世界上保持了千年的领先地位！﹣﹣坦普尔《中国﹣﹣发明创造的国度》（4）“改变了世界”的中国发明有哪些？
陕西省2017年中考历史真题试题（含解析）
材料二 丝绸之路最初是军事路、外交路，汉武帝派使臣联合西域的大宛、乌孙、大月氏等国，成立了一个松散的合作联盟，旨在孤立和削弱匈奴势力。之后是民生路、商业路、世贸路，再之后发展成了当时世界上最繁忙的物流大通道。物质交流的同时，中国文化……基督文化也相互间交集共生。﹣﹣穆涛《汉代的政治丰碑和国家隐痛》
2022年北京市中考英语真题（原卷版）
When itcomes to a meaningful life, we might think of love, happiness and health. Alife filled with meaning is what most of us want for ourselves. Then, whatmakes a meaningful life?Manyresearchers agree that a meaningful life comes down to three factors (因素): havinglong-term goals, believing that one’s life matters, and feeling that one’s lifefits together and “makes sense”.But we believe there is more to consider. Sometimeslife enables us to experience small moments of beauty. When people are open toappreciating (欣赏) suchexperiences, these moments may improve how they see their own life. We callthis experiential appreciation (EA).
2022年湖南省怀化市中考英语真题（原卷版）
___14___, I think an interest in Englishis very important. When I was in Grade Three, we had a new ___15___ — English,it was new for me. I was interested in it. I worked hard at it. Soon we had anEnglish exam and I got a very good mark. How ___16___ I was! After that,I learned English harder. Our English teacher often teaches us English songs,and ___17___ sound nice. I often think how interesting English is!
2022年湖南省郴州市中考英语真题（原卷版）
A passenger told an air hostess（空姐）thathe needed a cup of water to take his medicine when the plane just took off. Shetold him that she would bring him the ___11___ in ten minutes.
2022年湖南省常德市中考英语真题（原卷版）
Bike-to-Work Day is held every year across NorthAmerica on the third Friday of May. It was started by the League ofAmerican Bicyclists in 1956. Its aim is to promote (促进) the bicycle as a seriouschoice of getting to and from work. In today’s world where global warming is aserious issue, the bicycle is a perfect way of reducing our carbon (碳) footprint.
2022年湖南省岳阳市中考英语真题（原卷版）
FIFA World Cup is one of the biggest sportsevents in the world. It ___11___ every 4 years. The first World Cup wasin 1930. It has a history of over 90 years. During the World Cup, ___12___fans watch the games and cheer for their favorite teams or players. We haveknown some famous football players from the football competitions, such asBeckham, Messi, and Figo. They have excited football fans for many years.
2022年湖南省邵阳市中考英语真题 （原卷版）
“We thankall the Chinese people for their support and encouragement. Our thanks also goto our workmates who took part in the mission (任务) and worked with us allthe time,” Zhai said to the reporter after he landed on the ground. “It is thepower and strength of our country that built the high-flying space station. Iam proud of our great motherland.”
2022年湖南省湘潭市中考英语真题（原卷版）
Fiveyears ago, Jennifer, a girl from Australia, came to Xiangtan University tostudy Chinese. There she fell in love with Chinese culture and met her husband,who is a local (当地的) young man. They got married after she finishedher study. Since then, she has started her new life in Xiangtan City.
2022年贵州省黔东南州中考英语真题（原卷版）
Electric cars may seem like a recent invention,but they have been around for years. In the early 1900s, there were ___16___electric cars on the road than gasoline（汽油）cars, because at that time,gasoline was expensive compared with other fuels（燃料）, electriccars were more popular.
2022年湖南省永州市中考英语真题（原卷版）
Parentsand children often face the challenges of money. Common topics include settingpocket money, learning to save, and deciding to buy expensive things. The goalof most parents is to teach their kids how to deal with money wisely. The goalof most kids is getting money to spend. How can families achieve these goals?
2022年湖南省长沙市中考英语真题（原卷版）
In ourdaily lives, we are often given some boring or tiring tasks. What’s in yourmind when your mom tells you to clean the floor? Have you ever wanted tocomplain（抱怨）? I think most people have.
2022年湖南省衡阳市中考英语真题（原卷版）
The boy named Li Banghua is from Hefei. AnhuiProvince. He made the plane completely by himself. The plane is 0.6 meterswide, has a wingspan (翼展) of 4.4 meters and weighs about 40 kilograms.According to a local report, Li just finished his high-school entrance exam ayear ago and got good grades.
湖北省天门、仙桃、潜江、江汉油田2021年中考语文试题（解析版）
长安早春旅怀白居易轩车歌吹喧都邑，中有一人向隅立。夜深明月卷帘愁，日暮青山望乡泣。风吹新绿草芽坼，雨洒轻黄柳条湿。此生知负少年春，不展愁眉欲三十。
