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人教版高中语文必修4《苏武传》教案
二、课堂教学：1、学生简介背景：教师掌握：汉武帝开始对匈奴进行长期的讨伐战争，其中取得了三次具有决定意义的胜利，时间为公元前127年、前121年、前119年。匈奴的威势大大削弱之后，表示愿意与汉讲和，但双方矛盾还是根深蒂固。所以，到公元前100年，苏武出使匈奴时，却被扣留，并迫使他投降。《苏武传》集中叙写了苏武出使匈奴被扣留期间的事迹，热烈颂扬了他在敌人面前富贵不能淫，贫贱不能移，威武不能屈，饥寒压不倒，私情无所动的浩然正气，充分肯定了他坚毅忠贞，大义凛然，视死如归的民族气节。2、作者介绍：班固（32——92年），字孟坚，扶风安陵（今陕西咸阳市东）人。东汉著名的史学家。《后汉书·班固传》称他“年九岁，能属文，诵诗赋。及长，遂博贯载籍，九流百家之言，无不穷究。所学无常师，不为章句，举大义而已”。其父班彪曾续司马迁《史记》作《史记后传》，未成而故。
人教版高中语文必修4《李清照词两首》教案
2．【提问】《醉花阴》反映的是早年丈夫赵明诚游宦在外，作者一个人留在家中的生活状况和内心感受。对于这样的“闺怨”题材，应当怎样评价呢？【明确】作者作为一个封建时代的妇女，能够坦率地表达出自己对于丈夫深深的思恋之情，描写了闺中生活的孤独寂寞，这在当时乃是一种很大胆的行为。所以，有人批评说：李清照作词是“无顾忌”地“肆意落笔”。其实，感情的充沛、真挚，敢于正面地展露自己的行为和内心世界，正是她创作成功的重要原因之一，也正是她的词最值得珍视的地方。3．【提问】古人常常爱用花比喻人之美貌，如“芙蓉如面柳如眉”，“人面桃花相映红”等，而李清照却说“人比黄花瘦”，这样的比喻有什么丰富的内涵？【明确】黄色的菊花不止外形上雅淡、清秀，与作者因相思而消瘦的体态相近，而且在菊花品格的传统象征意义上，也酷似作者清高、淡泊的精神，这样的比喻正比较恰切地反映了当时作者由于离开丈夫而孤独、愁闷的生活状态和内心情感。
人教版高中语文必修4《柳永词两首》教案
（一）上片：描写杭州的自然风光和都市的繁华“东南形胜，三吴都会，钱塘自古繁华”，“东南形胜”，是从地理条件、自然条件着笔写的。杭州地处东南，地理位置很重要，风景很优美，故曰：“形胜”。“三吴都会”，是从社会条件着笔写的。它是三吴地区的重要都市，那里人众荟萃，财货聚集，故曰：“都会”。“钱塘自古繁华”，这一句是对前两句的总结，因为杭州具有这些特殊条件，所以“自古繁华”。下面就对“形胜”、“都会”和“自古繁华”进行铺叙。“烟柳画桥，风帘翠幕，参差十万人家”是对“三吴都会”的展开描写。“云树绕堤沙。怒涛卷霜雪，天堑无涯”是对“东南形胜”的展开描写。这里选择了钱塘江岸和江潮两种景物来写。“市列珠玑，户盈罗绮，竞豪奢”是对“钱塘自古繁华”的展开描写。描写了两个方面：一是商业贸易情况——“市列珠玑”，只用市场上的珍宝，代表了商业的丰富、商业的繁荣；二是衣着情况——“户盈罗绮”,家家披罗着锦。“竞豪奢”，又总括杭州的种种繁华景象。
人教版高中语文必修4《哈姆莱特》教案
一、作者简介：威廉·莎士比亚（1564～1616），英国文艺复兴时期伟大的戏剧家和诗人。（人文主义：欧洲文艺复兴时期新兴资产阶级反封建的社会思潮。资产阶级人道主义的最初形式。它肯定人性和人的价值，要求享受人世的欢乐，要求人的个性解放和自由平等，推崇人的感性经验和理性思维。）一生共写有37部戏剧，154首14行诗，两首长诗和许多其他诗歌。主要代表作有早期的历史剧、喜剧———《亨利四世》、《仲夏夜之梦》、《威尼斯商人》和《罗密欧与朱丽叶》等；中期的悲剧———《哈姆莱特》、《奥瑟罗》、《李尔王》和《麦克白》等；后期的传奇剧———《暴风雨》等。二、莎士比亚创作《哈姆莱特》的社会背景:莎士比亚是欧洲文艺复兴时期英国伟大的戏剧家和诗人。他生活在欧洲历史上封建制度日趋没落、资本主义兴起的交替时代。哈姆莱特是丹麦古代的王子。莎士比亚故意以超越时代的误差将哈姆莱特搬到伊丽莎白统治未年的英国现实中来。
人教版高中历史必修2罗斯福新政教案
【教学参考】对“新政”作用的评价史学界对“新政”作用的评价是仁者见仁、智者见智，但基本上有三种观点，即“功大于过论”、“过大于功论”和“功过参半论”。持“功大于过论”者认为“新政”在美国历史上基本上是一种进步现象，首先，“新政”挽救了危机，使美国人民摆脱了危机的困苦局面；其次，在缺少足够的宏观经济政策知识的时代，罗斯福所做的努力确实是开创性的；再次，罗斯福“新政”开启了美国以后历届政府实施国家干预政策的大门，成为缓解自由主义经济制度之弊病的一剂良方，并在实质上加强了美国联邦政府的权威；最后，在30年代资本主义世界经济危机的背景下，同日本、德国为转嫁危机而发动战争的策略相比，“新政”无疑代表了一种进步、民主的解救危机方式。持“过大于功论”者认为“新政”未能使美国走出萧条、步入繁荣。
人教版高中历史必修3从蒸汽机到互联网教案
（2）根据材料二与所学知识，从经济、政治、思想文化三个方面，分析欧洲近代科技迅速发展的原因。答：资本主义工商业的成长刺激了对技术的需求，为近代科技的发展提供了工具和手段；资产阶级革命为资本主义发展、科技进步开辟了道路；人文主义和理性精神解放了思想，推动近代科技迅速发展。（如答出其它原因，言之有理，可酌情加分，但不得超过该问总分）（3）根据材料二三与所学知识，分析清代（鸦片战争前）中国科技发展停滞的原因。答：君主专制维系腐朽制度；重农抑商、闭关政策阻碍资本主义萌芽发展；自然经济不能提供近代科技发展的物质基础；文化专制政策（或崇尚理学、八股取士、文字狱等）禁锢思想，摧残人才，阻碍科技发展。（如答出其它原因，言之有理，可酌情加分，但不得超过该问总分。）（4）简述从中西方科技发展变化的历史中得到的启示。答：评分说明：围绕生产力发展，政治经济变革、思想解放与科技发展的关系等任一角度回答，言之有理，均可酌情赋分
人教版高中政治必修3建设学习型社会教案
三、第三阶段。课后感悟与收获１、让学生以“走向学习型社会”为题，将在收集与整理、展示与交流两个环节中获得的体验和感悟，以心得体会的形式写一篇小论文。２、办一期专栏或黑板报，将优秀小论文作集中展示与交流。（进行理论总结，将实践与理论相结合，让科学理论更好地指导实践。充分挖掘学生潜力，增强学生的自信）［评析］新课程理念之一就是政治课不应只局限于课堂上的教与学。把综合探究课与研究性学习相结合，不失为一种有益的尝试。传统的学习方式把学习建立在客观性、受动性、依赖性的基础上，把学生看成一个没有感情的接受容器，这种学习会窒息学生的思维和智力，成为学生发展的障碍。单元探究活动的开展就是要转变学生的学习方式，关注学生的学习过程，使得探究过程成为学生发现问题、提出问题、分析问题、解决问题的过程，培养学生的创新精神和实践能力。本教案的第一阶段充分发挥了学生的主动性。
新人教版高中英语必修2Unit 2 Wildlife Protection-Reading and Thinking教案一
The listening and speaking part aims at how to protect and help endangered animals by listening, speaking and talking about the facts and reasons. This lesson analyzes the decreasing clause of Tibetan antelope population and the measures of protecting Tibetan antelopes. So students can be guided to learn to analyse the title and use different reading skills or strategies, like scanning, skimming and careful reading.1. Read quickly to get the main ideas and the purpose of going to Tibetan; read carefully to understand what the author see and think.2. Understand the sentences of the present continuous passive voice such as “Much is being done to protect wildlife.” and the inverted sentence “Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.”3. Enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife.4. Cultivate the reading methods according to different materials.1. Read quickly to get the main ideas and the purpose of going to Tibetan; read carefully to understand what the author see and think.2. Understand the sentences of the present continuous passive voice such as “Much is being done to protect wildlife.” and the inverted sentence “Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.”3. Cultivate the reading methods according to different materials.Step 1 Leading-inWatch a video about elephants and whales and then ask:Why are they endangered ? They are killed/hunted
新人教版高中英语必修2Unit 2 Wildlife Protection-Listening &Speaking＆Talking教案
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “how to save endangered wildlife and help wildlife in their neighborhood.” Due to the continuous deterioration of the living environment, a large number of wild animals are always facing the threat of endangered or extinction. Listening and speaking period enables students to understand the fact and reason why wild species are disappearing from the earth at an amazing speed, and realize that human beings ought to enhance the awareness of protecting wild species as soon as possible.Listening and Talking introduces the theme of " how to help wildlife in Ss’ neighborhood.". Now there are many volunteers who spontaneously protect wild animals, carry out various activities according to local conditions, and contribute their own strength to local animal protection with practical actions. Middle school students are also enthusiastic participants. They organize activities in their spare time, and take this opportunity to make friends, broaden their horizons, cultivate team spirit and communication skills. This section describes a bird watching activity organized by several middle school students of Bird watching Club. It aims to stimulate students' interest, improve their understanding of bird watching activities, and use the language structure of “being used for; in order to, so as to, to, so that, in order that ” to express the purpose for communication and discussion.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of using visuals to predict content.2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to save endangered wildlife and help wildlife in their neighborhood.3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “I am concerned about…” “what do you know about the endangered animals in…" and so on to talk about one of the endangered animals.
新人教版高中英语必修2Unit 2 Wildlife Protection-Listening and Speaking教案
This lesson is about wildlife protection. The listening and speaking is about “How to protect endangered wildlife ?” Faced with the facts and numbers of wildlife loss, people begin to detect the reasons, then people such as the celebrities (Prince William and Yao Ming) are calling on to protect them. So students are guided to enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife and try to take part in some volunteer activities of protecting wildlife.1. Predict the content by using visuals. 2. Learn to use the sentences such as “I’m concerned about.... But now they are in danger. I want to know the reasons/why./ What can we do to protect them ?3. Learn from the stars like Prince William and Yao Ming and enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife.4. Guide students to try to put forward the solutions to the problems of wildlife protection and then discuss them with partners and present the results of discussion.5. Master the pronunciation of stressed syllables.1. Learn from the stars like Prince William and Yao Ming and enhance the awareness of protecting wildlife.2. Guide students to try to put forward the solutions to the problems of wildlife protection and then discuss them with partners and present the results of discussion.3. Learn to use the sentences such as “I’m concerned about.... But now they are in danger. I want to know the reasons/why./ What can we do to protect them ?4. Master the pronunciation of stressed syllables.Part A Listening and Speaking--- How to save endangered wildlifeStep 1 Lead in1. Point at the pictures on P14 and ask Q1: What message do these posters share?
新人教版高中英语必修2Unit 2 Wildlife Protection-Reading and Thinking教案二
The theme of this unit is human and nature, focusing on the theme of wildlife protection. Nature is a complex ecosystem, in which there are delicate balance between animals and plants. Because of the role of the food chain, the extinction of one species will produce influence, causing a series of chain reaction. Large scale extinction of species will have a serious and even irreversible impact on the ecosystem, resulting in immeasurable losses. Therefore, it is of great significance to protect wild species. To protect wild species is to protect human beings themselves. The motto of this unit is "when the buying stops, the killing can too,” which is a public service advertising slogan to protect wildlife. It tells people that every rhinoceros horn, every fur, every bowl of shark fin soup, every Ivory product, and every tiger bone product, etc. consumed by human beings, are innocent wild animals slaughtered behind them. The mission of wild aid is to ban illegal trade in endangered wildlife and mitigate climate change. It aims to educate the public to reduce the consumption demand for endangered wildlife products through public publicity and improve the awareness of environmental protection.1. Improve the awareness of wildlife protection by acquiring the knowledge of wildlife protection.2. Focus on environmental protection and protection of all lives.3. Analysis of the living environment of wild animals with appropriate thinking mode.4. Skillfully use the vocabulary and grammar knowledge of this unit to cultivate self-study ability according to the unit content5. Develop cooperative learning ability through discussion and other ways1. Enable the Ss to talk about the current situation of wild animals.2. Guide the Ss to summarize the main idea of each paragraph as well as the main idea of the text.
新人教版高中英语必修2Unit 2 Wildlife Protection-Reading For Writing教案一
1. 标题首先根据海报的特点、格式写明标题。海报中往往把内容作为大标题。例如: Save the earth, Save the birds。2. 正文部分不同的海报其正文部分的侧重点不同。对于介绍性的海报, 首先要引出话题, 其次列出原因, 最后是总结。对于宣传类的海报, 要写明具体内容, 如: 活动内容, 地点以及参加活动的注意事项, 主持或举办单位等。1. 图片: 要选择引人注目的图片, 与主题要相关, 色彩明亮。话题句式 1. It is a treasure of our country. 它是我国的国宝。2. Believe it or not, at present only several thousand pandas exist in the world. 信不信由你, 目前世界上仅现存几千只熊猫。 3.It’s because of human activities that tigers are endangered. 正是因为人类的活动, 老虎处于濒危的状态。4. Many wild animals are in danger of dying out. 很多野生动物面临着灭绝的危险。 5. The government has taken effective measures to protect them. 政府已采取有效的措施来保护它们。6. People should raise the awareness of the protection of wild animals. 人们应该提高保护野生动物的意识。 7. It’s amazing that there are merely less than 1, 000 finless porpoises living in China. 非常令人吃惊, 目前中国仅有不足1 000只江豚。
新人教版高中英语必修2Unit 3 The Internet-Discovering Useful Structure教案一
This unit is about the Internet, which has a great influence to our humans and our lives. During the Listening & Speaking & Talking and Reading and Thinking section, the influence in examples has been shown. Thus, use the Present Perfect Tense is appropriate. However, in order to show the justice or weaken the doer of the behavior/action, it’s better to use the Present Perfect Passive Voice than the Present Perfect Tense. Besides, having learned to use the Present Perfect Passive Voice, students can beautify their language in their writing. 1. Learn the structure of the Present Perfect Passive Voice and its functions. 2. Learn to change the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice into the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice. 3. Learn to write sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly according to the context. 1. Learn the structure of the Present Perfect Passive Voice and its functions. 2. Learn to change the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice into the sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice. 3. Learn to write sentences with the Present Perfect Passive Voice flexibly according to the context. Step 1 Observe the following sentences, then change the sentences into passive voice.He has been selected to take part in the sports meeting．(肯定句)他已被挑选出来参加运动会。The ink has not been removed from his overcoat．(否定句)墨迹还没有从他外套上去掉。
新人教版高中英语必修2Unit 3 The Internet-Listening &Speaking＆Talking教案二
From the pictures in the text and the title--- choose the best app, we can know that this part is about how to save money by using apps.Step 2 While-listening1. Laura and Xiao Bo are talking about apps. Listen to their conversation and find out what apps they want.Xiao Bo is looking for a(n) exercise app to help him get in shape.Laura would like an app for getting rich and another that will make her grades better.2. Listen again. Are the sentences true T or false F?1). Both of Xiao Bo's apps keep track of the steps he takes._____2). Xiao Bo's second app can help him make a fitness plan._____3). Laura needs an app that will help her get discounts.______4). Laura needs an app that will add money to her bank account._______F T F T3. Listen once more and tick the sentence you hear. Underline the words used to express predictions, guesses, and beliefs.Predictions, Guesses, and Beliefs________It might help me walk more.________My guess is that it wouldn't work.________I imagine this app would help me get fit faster________I suppose that would be good.________I guess you could save a little with this app.________I suppose there would be some problems, too.________I believe this app could help me get thinner.
新人教版高中英语必修2Unit 3 The Internet-Listening &Speaking＆Talking教案一
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “ask about online habits”. Many middle school students have been surfing the Internet for many years, but what they do with the Internet and how much time they spend every day may not be very clear to themselves, nor to other students. This section allows students to investigate their peers' Internet use, which is conducive to their mutual understanding and understanding of the Internet. It can also help them reflect on their own online behavior, learn from other people's good online habits, and get rid of their bad online behavior.The listening text of this section is an investigation interview. The investigators interview specific groups with the same questions to obtain information, so as to understand their views, practices or attitudes on this issue. There are two specific questions: “how much time do you spend online every day? What do you usually do online?”. The answers of the three respondents provide rich and different information, and achieve the purpose of the investigators. The oral discourse structure of survey interviews generally includes greeting and explaining the purpose of the interview, presenting the interview questions and the respondents' answers. Listening and Talking introduces the theme of “choosing the right application ". Listening text is a conversation between Laura and Xiao Bo. In this part of listening, “oink”； “piggy bank” may cause the students' hearing comprehension limitation. Oink refers to sound word and pig's sound. So, add some oink to my piggy bank is often used to describe "making a little money".1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of listening for definitions.2. Cultivate students' ability to define words and understand an investigation interview.
新人教版高中英语必修2Unit 4 History and Traditions-Discovering Useful Structure教案一
Step 5 Practice一、完成下列句子。1. Judy and I _______________（把车停下来(park)）in an underground car Park near Trafalgar Square, where we could ______________________(让我们的车充电（charge)).2. When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides, we heard it ___________ that there were no audio guides____________(留下，剩下）.3. We__________________________（发现自己对...很惊讶）the large number of visitors and the amount of noise at the entrance of the National Gallery.4. Judy ____________________(眼神专注于） Van Gogh’s Sunflowers. It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around.5. She ____________________(把这幅画的复制品装箱（box)） to ensure that it was delivered safely.答案：1.had our car parked get our car battery charged 2. announced left 3. found ourselves very surprised 4. had her eyes fixed on 5. had a copy of the painting boxed二、用过去分词对下列句子进行改写。1. Loch Ness was surrounded by beautiful natural landscape, which made it look amazing.2. Carl and his friend stayed with a generous family who offered them bread with butter and honey that was homemade.3. The family’s ancestors once attended to soldiers who were wounded in the First World War.4. The young people were attracted by the legend of Loch Ness. They watched over the lake with their cameras and binoculars, which were positioned on the hill.答案：1. Loch Ness surrounded by beautiful natural landscape looks amazing.2. Carl and his friends stayed with a generous family who offered them homemade bread with butter and honey.3. The family’s ancestors once attended to wounded soldiers in the First World War.4. The young people attracted by the legend of Loch Ness watched over the lake with their cameras and binoculars positioned on the hill.
新人教版高中英语必修2Unit 3 The Internet-Reading and Thinking教案一
Paragraph 3. Jan decided to start an IT club to teach old people how to use computers and the Internet. Paragraph 4. Jan has started taking online classes to learn more about how to use the Internet to make society better. Paragraph 5. Jan’s life has been greatly improved by the Internet. Step 5: Critical thinking:(1)How do you arrange your time spent on study and the Internet? Is it reasonable? I usually surf the Internet using my mobile phone for only an hour after class, and it is reasonable for me.(2)What are your online activities? Are they safe? I chat with my friends, read news and play games. I never give away my private information so I think they are safe.Step 4: summary Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web. There are countless articles (1)______(tell) us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient. But the Internet has done a lot (2)_____(much) for people than simply make life more convenient. People’s lives (3) _________________(change) by online communities and social networks so far. Take Jan for example, who developed a serious illness that made her (4)_____(stick) at home with only her computer to keep (5)___(she) company. She joined an online group (6)______ she could share problems, support and advice with others. She considered the ability to remove the distance between people as one of the greatest (7)_______(benefit). She was so inspired (8)____ she started an IT club in which many people have been helped. She has started to learn more about how to use the Internet to make society better. Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money (9)___ children in poor countries. Jan’s life has been (10)______(great) improved by the Internet. Step 5 Homework:Review what we have learned and find out the key language points in the text.
新人教版高中英语必修2Unit 4 History and Traditions-Listening＆Speaking＆Talking教案一
This unit is about history and traditions. From the opening page, we can know that this unit will introduce the history and traditions around the world. As Marcus Garvey says “A people without the knowledge of their past history, origin and culture is like a tree without roots”, it is important for students to realize the importance and value of knowing the history and traditions and their further meanings. And this part ( listening and speaking ) is divided into two parts: Part A---share views on historic sites, Part B ---talk about a visit to a historic tourist destination. By talking with a foreigner, the speakers introduce the historic attractions and their cultures. Part A is that William, a British student, who was going to visit the Confucius Temple and a Chinese student, Xiao Kong, who was going to the Confucius Temple to meet with the members of the research group, went together and exchanged their views on the Confucius Temple, Confucius, Confucius' descendants and Confucius' educational thoughts. Part B is a conversation between Xiao Yan, a youth hostel receptionist and Paul, a backpacker about the feelings and experience after visiting the Chinese famous tourist attraction Pingyao.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to talk about historic spots and great person.3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of showing one’s excitement, surprise and disappointment.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to discuss with their peers the related topics.3. Enable students to use the functional items of showing one’s excitement, surprise and disappointment.
新人教版高中英语必修2Unit 3 The Internet-Reading for Writing教案二
8. However, the more polite you are, the less likely it is you will be attacked. 然而, 你越有礼貌, 你被攻击的可能性就越小。 Step 8 Writing---the articleHow to stay safe in the online chat roomToday I thought I’d blog about a question that has been asked many times--- how do you stay safe online and avoid bad experiences in the online chat room ? I’m not an expert, but many years as a blogger have taught me a thing or two.First of all, there’s the golden rule of the Internet: keep out of what makes you uneasy. Don’t post comments or click on anything. Second, protect your privacy. Don’t give out too much private information like your address, phone numbers, the ID numbers, etc. Third, be polite. If you are polite to others on the Internet, you won’t be attacked in normal situation. Finally, don’t believe in others easily and never meet someone you met online alone. It is very dangerous.Have you had any bad experiences online, or do you have some good advice for staying safe? Post your comments below!Step 9 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Does the writer tell the reader what he/she know about the topic ?2. Are the tips and suggestions well organised ?3. Has the writer defined the new words ?4. Does the author include examples, comparison, or explanations ?5. Does the writer end by asking readers to leave comments and/or suggestions ?6. Can you find any grammar or spelling mistakes.Step 6 HomeworkPut up your revised draft in the classroom or read it to your class.
新人教版高中英语必修2Unit 3 The Internet-Reading For Writing教案一
⑦identity theft 身份盗窃⑧chat room 聊天室⑨draft your blog post 起草博客帖子⑩post embarrassing photos 张贴尴尬照片 【话题句式】 1. How do you stay safe online and avoid bad experiences on the Internet? 你如何在网上保持安全, 避免在网上的不良经历? 2. I’m not an expert, but many years as a blogger have taught me a thing or two. 我不是专家, 但作为一个博主, 我已经学了好几年了。 3. If you see or read something that makes you feel uncomfortable, leave the site immediately. 如果你看到或读到一些让你觉得不舒服的东西, 立即离开这个网站。4. Don’t give out your address or phone number. 别告诉别人你的地址或电话号码。 5. Identity theft is a common and serious problem. 身份盗窃是一个常见而严重的问题。6. Being online is no excuse for being rude, and you don’t want to become a target for a troll or cyberbully. 上网并不是无礼的借口, 你也不想成为发挑衅帖子的人或网络恶霸的目标。 7. Trolls often use several false names so that they can stay on a site. 发挑衅帖子的人经常使用几个假名, 这样他们就可以留在一个网站上。8. However, the more polite you are, the less likely it is you will be attacked. 然而, 你越有礼貌, 你被攻击的可能性就越小。