一、说教材1.教材的地位及作用 本课重点围绕学生对几种体育运动是否喜爱这个题材开展多种教学活动,通过学习句型 I like …\I don't like …,让学生能够用英语表达出自己的思想和感受。它是整个模块的重点,占有很重要的地位,它为后两个单元的学习奠定了基础。 2.教学目标 新课程强调知识与技能、过程与方法、情感态度与价值观三个角度的有机结合,本着这样的认识,我制定如下教学目标。(小学阶段的英语课主要是激发学生学习英语的兴趣;培养学生对英语学习的积极态度,使他们建立学习英语的自信心;培养学生一定的语感和良好的语音、语调,为英语的进一步学习打下基础。)-------这是讲确立教学目标的依据 知识目标:(或者叫认知目标)学习掌握单词 football. basketball. tabletennis. morning,学 习运用句型 I like …\I don't like …。
一、教材分析 首先我说说教材。根据新课程标准、本组课文训练的主要意图和学生的实际,我们确定了本课的教学目标。 知识目标:理解重点词句,了解爬山虎的脚的特点。 本事目标:学习作者观察和表达方法,培养学生留心观察周围事物的习惯和本事。 情感目标:激发学生观察的兴趣,做生活的有心人。 二、教学重点 经过对词句的理解,了解爬山虎脚的特点。 三、教学难点 爬山虎是怎样向上爬的 四、教具准备 课件、彩色笔、画纸 五、教法和学法 结合本课的特点和本组课文的训练重点,以读书训练为经,语言文字训练为纬,开发全脑为桥,调动学生的多种感官参与学习过程,以学生饶有兴趣的说、演、画、议,来代替教师单一的讲、管形式,在艺术的熏陶下激发学生兴趣,在兼容并举中力求最大限度地发挥学生的自主性、主动性、发展性、创造性,从而到达激发兴趣、理解感悟的境界。
二 说教学目标 通过这篇文章的教学,我准备达到以下目标: 1、 能正确朗读课文,疏通文意,积累常见的文言实词、虚词,提高阅读文言文的能力。 2、理解作者的思想,领会文章的寓意。 3、引导学生认识到人才要保持良好的心态,坚信“天生我才必有用”,持之以恒。 设计依据:这一教学目标的设定是根据新课标提出的“阅读浅易文言文,能借助注释和工具书理解基本内容”,有意识地在积累、感悟和运用中,提高自己的欣赏品味和审美情趣”。培养学生树立远大理想,不断完善自身素质,成为执着,坚毅人才。 三 说重点难点 本课重点: 1.掌握文章思想内容。 2.理解托物寓意的写法。 本课难点: 1.理解托物寓意的写法。 2.如何理解“世有伯乐,然后有千里马”。 四 说教法学法: 教法:诵读法、引导法。 学法: 自主、合作、探究式学习。 设计依据:诵读法是学习文言文的基本方法。同时,在课堂教学中,必须贯彻以学生为主体和教师为主导的教学原则,教师应引导并组织学生进行自主、合作、探究式的学习。
一、宣传、贯彻、落实《中华民族共和国国家通用语言文字法》,提高广大教职员工语言文字规范化的国家意识、法律意识、现代意识,面向全校全面推广国家通用的普通话(以《汉语拼音方案》为准),推行规范汉字(以《汉字简化方案》为准)。 二、形成长效管理机制,建立学校语言文字工作领导小组并使之成为常设机构,充分发挥其对学校语言文字工作的规划指导和管理监督作用,明确各自工作职责,有检查和改进措施。 三、将语言文字工作纳入学校常规工作,每学期制定语言文字工作计划,按期检查评估,期末写出总结,切实作到有计划,有总结。积极派出人员参加上级语言文字相关工作培训,并有计划地组织教职工普通话培训和语言文字使用规范化竞赛活动。
师:在科学发展过程中,前一个理论体系的不完善之处,往往是新的研究和新的发现的突破口。开普勒之后,意大利天文学家伽利略创制了天文望远镜,用更加精确的观察继续发展和验证哥白尼创立的新天文学理论。除了用望远镜进行天文观察以外,伽利略还开始进行自然科学的实验研究,哪位同学能给大家讲一讲伽利略在比萨斜塔上所作的关于物体自由下落的实验?生:(讲述这一实验)师:所以,伽利略在科学方面更加重要的贡献是奠定了近代实验科学的基础。(2)实验科学和唯物主义师:伽利略从实践上开辟了实验科学的方法,而英国唯物主义哲学家培根则从理论上阐述了实验科学的方法——归纳法。培根和伽利略同被称为实验科学之父,培根还有一句影响深刻的名言:“知识就是力量”,表明了他注重知识,尊崇科学的精神。我们再来概括一下意大利哲学家布鲁诺的唯物主义思想,是否有同学可以简述布鲁诺的生平事迹?
大学的生活是丰富多彩的,大学生活是表现自我,突出自我的地方,我们一定要有一个积极的态度。去发展自我,实现自我。我们不应该只单纯的学习,在21世纪,我们应使自己成为一个复合型人才。做一名全面发展的高素质人才。有一位哲人说过一句话,前途是光明的,道路是曲折的。这说明每一个人都应该对自己的前途有一个明确的定位。我将来做什么?我是准备考研还是毕业工作?命运是掌握在自己手里的,改变命运的钥匙掌握在自己手里,成功永远留给那些有准备的人。
因此我采用了直观教学法、提问谈话法、讨论法来进行教学,运用视听结合欣赏教学,让幼儿更好地掌握散文的内容,通过谈话法帮助幼儿理解散文中的优美语句,发展幼儿的口语表达能力,通过讨论法让幼儿自由发挥想象力和思维力,更好的体会作品的意境。为幼儿创设了一个自由、宽松的语言交往环境,支持、鼓励他们与同伴交谈。《月光雨》是一首意境优美的散文诗,诗歌中,月光雨跳响在树叶上,滑落在房顶上,描绘了一幅幅月光雨嬉戏的顽皮景象,这不仅给人以美的陶冶和享受。并且通过简洁优美的语言体现相应的情景、动态启发幼儿在欣赏活动中观察、发现自然界的变化,感知月光下的雨滴散发着一种迷人的神秘色彩。散文诗中运用拟人化的修辞方法把对月光雨的理解表现出来,以此来表达自己的情感体验。从中理解散文诗的基础上,领略诗歌中的语言美,迁移生活经验能根据散文诗的句式进行仿编,从而感受诗歌的意境美。
散文诗欣赏《秋天》,它选自幼儿园大班语言教材.这是一首充满儿童情趣的作品.它短小精悍,以优美生动的童话语言描绘了秋天这一丰收的景象。诗中充分发挥想象力,将秋天的情境作了巧妙的比喻和契合的联想,显得具体而又形象。你看,梧桐穿黄衣,枫树披红袍……这都和幼儿的生活,幼儿的想象紧紧相扣。《幼儿园教育指导纲要》指出:要引导幼儿接触优秀的儿童文学作品,使之感受语言的丰富和优美,并通过多种活动帮助幼儿加深对作品的体验和理解。散文诗鲜明的结构特点,拟人化富有人情味的语言风格给幼儿清楚明了的记忆和想象线索,便于幼儿理解和感受,能够充分发挥幼儿的想象力.符合大班幼儿的学习特点,可以很好地为幼儿所接受。
(一)、教材分析《秋天的雨》是一首非常优美动听的散文诗,依据散文内容制作的课件,色彩艳丽、形象生动,充满了诗情画意,既可以让幼儿欣赏散文的语言美、意境美,同时,又能激发幼儿动手描绘秋天景色的兴趣,因此,散文诗《秋天的雨》适合大班幼儿教学活动。(二)、幼儿情况分析大班幼儿口语表达能力好,但对事物的理解能力较弱,为了更好的让幼儿学会用散文诗中的优美语句来回答问题,更好的培养幼儿的口语表达能力、表演能力、艺术鉴赏能力,我设计了这节活动课。(三)、活动目标依据《纲要》:“鼓励幼儿大胆、清楚的表达自己的想法和感受,尝试说明、描述简单的事物或过程,发展语言表达能力和思维能力。”特制订以下活动目标:1、从不同角度去感受秋天的美知道秋天是充满喜悦的丰收季节。
《彩色的雨》是一首优美动听、充满童真童趣的散文,它运用了比喻、排比、等修辞手法,描写了娃娃心中彩色的雨。散文中形象的把小雨点比喻成亮晶晶的像一粒粒透明的珠子,那黄色的、蓝色的雨衣,像一片片彩色的云,那绿色的、紫色的伞儿像一朵朵彩色的花,那一双双红雨鞋像一艘艘小红船,这些生动的比喻构成了一组组排比句,增添了散文的韵律美。同时,散文中把构成彩色的雨的雨衣、伞儿、红雨鞋在雨中的动态都描绘的有声有色,作品不仅画面感强,想象丰富,而且语言凝练,韵律和谐,有较强的音乐性,即乐意躺幼儿欣赏彩色的雨的美丽景色,又可以让幼儿欣赏散文的意境美、语言美,在这同时又能激发幼儿动手制作彩色的雨的强烈愿望,因此这篇《彩色的雨》适合大班幼儿进行教学。
教材分析下雨是生活中常见的一种自然现象,俗话说:“清明时节雨纷纷”,时下正是春雨绵绵的季节,而孩子们也异常的喜欢雨,每当下雨,他们就兴奋地谈论着,我抓住孩子的这个兴趣点,利用这一自然资源,引导孩子们有意识地去观察、感受、了解雨。新《纲要》指出:“要让幼儿初步感知不同类型文学作品的特点和构成,并培养其对语言的敏感性。”大班幼儿随着年龄增长,生活经验日益丰富,对文学作品的理解更加深刻,作品的主题也随之有了较大的扩展,出现了想要模仿创造的欲望。根据大班幼儿的年龄特点,我选择了《听雨》这篇充满趣味性、童真性、并且用拟人化来表达小雨点和周围事物关系的优美散文作为教学内容。在整个教学活动中,我为幼儿创设了一个宽松的活动氛围,让幼儿在借助画面观察、感知、理解、想象、创造的过程中,更好地把握散文诗的形式,从而进行仿编。通过活动旨在锻炼幼儿想象力,整体提高幼儿对文学作品的兴趣等。
一、教材分析这是篇散文,篇幅短小,结构层次清楚分明,以第一人称来写,使孩子们在欣赏时产生身临其境的感觉。形象而易于孩子了解的比喻手法,使整篇散文优美而又富于生命的活力,增添了孩子们对大自然美好生活的热爱和憧憬,易于孩子们朗诵和仿编。结合季节特点,我在活动前带领孩子们去感受大自然,去接触和了解认识蒲公英,为学习散文打下了基础。根据大班幼儿的年龄及心理特点,从情感教育、能力培养、知识三个方面认真制定了本次活动的教学目标。具体是:1、在观察认识蒲公英的基础上幼儿欣赏散文,学会有感情地朗诵散文。2、引导幼儿了解散文优美的词句和比喻句。3、陶冶幼儿情操,感受身边事物的美丽,激发幼儿对生命的热爱。活动的难点在于引导幼儿理解散文优美的词句和比喻句,而重点则是在认识蒲公英的基础上能有感情地学会朗诵散文。二、说教法:每个孩子都具有强烈的好奇心,他们对一切事物都具有极强的兴趣。活动过程中我运用了自制的课件、背景乐和散文录音、教师自身的朗诵,把孩子们带入一种美的意境,使孩子们在优美的意境中感受了散文的语言美,体验学习散文的快乐。活动的开展由易到难,层层深入,使孩子们能主动积极、自愿地参与和学习,获得经验,体验了孩子的主体地位,也正好契合了《纲要》中关于“教师应成为幼儿学习活动的支持者、合作者、引导者”的理念。此外我还采用了欣赏倾听法、谈话交流法、游戏表演法引导孩子在活动中敢说、想说、愿意说,树立了孩子的自信心,从而使本次活动达到美的享受,快乐学习的和谐统一。
The theme of this section is “Talk about festival activities and festival experiences”.Festival and holiday is a relaxing and interesting topic for students. This part talks about the topic from the daily life of students’. In the part A ---Listening and Speaking, there are three conversations among different speakers from three countries(Japan, Rio and China), where the speakers are participating in or going to participate in the festivals and celebrations. So listening for the relationship among them is a fundamental task. Actually, with the globalization and more international communication, it is normal for Chinese or foreigners to witness different festivals and celebrations in or out of China. In the Conversation 1, a foreign reporter is interviewing a Japanese young girl who just had participated in the ceremony of the Coming-of-Age Day on the street and asking her feeling about the ceremony and the afterwards activities. Conversation 2, Chinese girl Li Mei is witnessing the Rio Carnival for the first time, and her friend Carla gives her some advice on the costumes which enables her to match with the carnival to have a good time. Conversation 3, a Chinese guide is showing a group of foreign visitors around the Lantern Festival and introducing the customs of the festival to them. The three conversations have a strong vitality and insert the festival and cultural elements from different countries. So perceiving the festivals and cultures from different countries is the second task. At the same time, the scripts also insert the targeted grammar --- v-ing as attributive and predicative, which students can perceive and experience in a real context and make a road for the further study. That is the third task. In the Part B--- Listening and Talking, the theme is “Talk about festival experience”, which is the common topic in our daily conversations. During the conversation, Song Lin, a Chinese student, asked Canadian friend Max about how to spend Christmas. In the conversation, Song Lin talked about experience and the feelings during the Chinese Spring Festival, during which there are not only some enjoyable things but some unpleasant things. After the listening, perhaps students find there are some similarities between Christmas and the Chinese Spring Festival as there are some differences in the origins and celebrations. For example, people always visit friends and relatives, decorate their houses, have a big dinner together, chat and give presents to each other.
Example:One day, a poor boy who was trying to pay his way through school by sending newspapers door to door found that he only had one dime(一角)left. He was so hungry that he decided to beg for a meal at the next house.However, he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door. Instead of a meal he asked for a drink of water. She thought he looked hungry so she brought him a large glass of milk. He drank it slowly, and then asked, “How much do I owe you?” “You don’t owe me anything,” she replied, “Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness.” “Then I thank you from the bottom of my heart.” With these words, Howard Kelly left that house.Years later the woman became badly ill and was finally sent to the hospital in a big city. Dr. Howard Kelly, now famous, was called in. When he heard the name of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. Dressed in his doctor’s clothes, Dr. Kelly went into her room and recognized her at once. From that day on, he gave special attention to her, and decided to do his best to save her life.At last the woman was saved. Dr. Kelly asked the business office to pass the final bill to him. He looked at it and then wrote something on the side. The bill was sent to the woman’s room. She was afraid to open it because she was sure that it would take the rest of her life to pay for it off. Finally she looked, and the note on the side of the bill caught her attention. She read these words: “Paid in full with a glass of milk, Dr. Howard Kelly.” Tear of joy flooded her eyes.
The topic of this part is “Describe a place with distinctive cultural identity”.This section focuses on Chinese culture by introducing Chinatown, whose purpose is to show the relationship between the Chinese culture and American culture. The Chinese culture in Chinatown is an important part of American culture. Chinatown is an important window of spreading Chinese culture and the spirit homeland of oversea Chinese, where foreigners can experience Chinese culture by themselves.Concretely, the title is “Welcome to Chinatown!”, from which we can know that the article aims at introducing Chinatown. The author used the “Introduction--Body Paragraph--Conclusion” to describe the people, language, architecture, business, famous food and drinks and people’s activities, which can be a centre for Chinese culture and shows its unique charm.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information.2. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.3. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.4. Learn to correct others’ writing.1. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.2. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.Step 1 Lead in ---Small talkIn the reading part, we mentioned the Chinatown of San Francisco. How much do you know about Chinatown of San Francisco ?Chinatown is a main living place for Chinese immigrants, where you can see many Chinese-style buildings, costumes, operas, restaurants, music and even hear Chinese.Step 2 Before reading ---Predict the contentWhat is the writer’s purpose of writing this text ? How do you know ?From the title(Welcome to Chinatown) and some key words from the text(tourist, visit, visitors, experience), we can know the purpose of the text is to introduce Chinatown and show the relationship between Chinese culture and American culture.
Discuss these questions in groups.Q1: Have you ever been to a place that has a diverse culture ? What do you think about the culture diversity ?One culturally diverse place that I have been to is Harbin, the capital city of Heilongjiang Province. I went there last year with my family to see the Ice and Snow Festival, and I was amazed at how the culture as different to most other Chinese cities. There is a big Russian influence there, with beautiful Russian architecture and lots of interesting restaurants. I learnt that Harbin is called “the Oriental Moscow” and that many Russians settled there to help build the railway over 100 years ago.Q2: What are the benefits and challenges of cultural diversity ?The benefits: People are able to experience a wide variety of cultures, making their lives more interesting, and it can deepen the feelings for our national culture, it is also helpful for us to learn about other outstanding culture, which helps improve the ability to respect others. The challenges: People may have trouble communicating or understanding each other, and it may lead to disappearance of some civilizations and even make some people think “The western moon is rounder than his own.”Step 7 Post reading---RetellComplete the passage according to the text.Today, I arrived back in San Francisco, and it feels good (1) _____(be) back in the city again. The city succeeded in (2)_________ (rebuild) itself after the earthquake that (3)________ (occur) in 1906, and I stayed in the Mission District, enjoying some delicious noodles mixed with cultures. In the afternoon, I headed to a local museum (4)____ showed the historical changes in California. During the gold rush, many Chinese arrived, and some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown to earn a (5)_____ (live). Many others worked on (6)______ (farm), joined the gold rush, or went to build the railway that connected California to the east. The museum showed us (7)____ America was built by immigrants from (8)________ (difference) countries and cultures. In the evening, I went to Chinatown, and ate in a Cantonese restaurant that served food on (9)________(beauty) china plates. Tomorrow evening, I’m going to (10)__ jazz bar in the Richmond District. 答案:1. to be 2. rebuilding 3. occurred 4. that 5.living6. farms 7.how 8. different 9. beautiful 10. a
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “talking about how to become an astronaut”. This period is aimed to inform students some details about the requirements of being an astronaut. Students can be motivated and inspired by the astronauts. Teachers ought to encourage students to learn from them and let them aim high and dream big.Listening and Talking introduces the theme of "talk about life in space". This part also informs students more details about life in space and can inspire students to be curious about this job. 1. Guide students to listen for numbers concerning dates, years and ages etc2. Cultivate students' ability to talk about how to become an astronaut and life in space ; 3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “ first of all, I am not sure, so what might be .. I guess.. I wonder…I am curious…)appropriately.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to become a qualified astronaut and describe the life in space.Part 1: Listening and SpeakingStep 1: Lead inPredictionThe teacher can ask students to predict what the listening text is about by looking at the pictures.About how to become an astronaut./the requirements of an astronautStep 2: Then, play the radio which is about an interview a. And after finishing listening for the first time, the students need to solve the following tasks.
The themes of this part are “Talk about how to become an astronaut” and “Talk about life in space”. As Neil Armstrong said “Mystery creates wonder and wonder is the basis of man’s desire to understand. Space is difficult for human to reach, therefore, humans are full of wonders about it. However, if wanting to achieve the dream of reaching the Moon, some of our human should work hard to be an astronaut at first. Part A(Talk about how to become an astronaut) is a radio interview in a radio studio, where the host asked the Chinese astronauts about his story how to become an astronaut. Yang Liwei told his dreamed to be an astronaut since childhood. Then he worked hard to get into college at 22. The next 10 years, he gradually became an experienced pilot. At the same time, to be an astronaut, he had to study hard English, science and astronomy and trained hard to keep in good physical and mental health and to practise using space equipment. Part B (Talk about life in space) is also an interview with the astronaut Brown, who is back on the earth. The host Max asked about his space life, such as his emotion about going back the earth, the eating, shower, brushing, hobbies and his work. Part A and Part B are interviews. So expressing curiosity about the guests’ past life is a communicative skill, which students should be guided to learn.1. Students can get detailed information about how Yang Liwei became an astronaut and Max’s space life.2. Students learn to proper listening strategy to get detailed information---listening for numbers and taking notes.3. Students can learn related sentences or phrases to express their curiosity like “ I wish to know...” “I’d love to know...”4. Students can learn more about the space and astronauts, even be interested in working hard to be an astronaut
Q4: What is the function of the International exploration ?Having astronauts from different countries on boardQ5: What can you learn from Para 4 ?China has made great achievements in exploring spaceQ6: What is the attitude to the space exploration ?SupportiveStep 6 Post reading---RetellPeople have always wanted to learn more about space. Before the mid-20th century, most people felt (1)_________ (travel) into space was an impossible dream. However, (2)____ the help of scientists, peoplesucceeded in realizing their dream (3) _________ (explore) space. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite (4) ____________(launch) by the USSR. (5) ________________ scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen. These disasters made everyone(6)___________(disappoint), but people still believe in the importance of (7) ________(carry) on space exploration. In 2003, China became the third country to (8)_____________ (independent) send humans into space. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed (9)____ second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk. In spite of the difficulties, scientists hope future (10)__________ (discovery) will not only enable us to understand the universe but also help us survive well into the future.Answers: 1. travelling 2. with 3. to explore 4. was launched 5. Although6. disappointed 7. carrying 8. independently 9. a 10. discoveriesStep 6 Post reading---Critical thinkingQ1: What do you think of the space exploration ? I think it is beneficial to us. Through further study of space, people will make full use of it in the future, such as the space experiments by Wang Yaping in Tian Gong 1.Q2: If you are determined to be an astronaut, what should you prepare at present ?First of all, I should study hard to get a related college degree. Besides, I must keep mental and physical healthy.Step 7. HomeworkTry to summarize the structure of the article by a mind map.
Step 3 Meaning1. 过去将来时表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态, 常用在宾语从句中。一般由“would/should +动词原形”构成。She hoped that they would meet again someday. 她希望将来有一天他们能再见面。2. was/were going to+动词原形: 表示过去将要发生或很有可能发生的动作, 常用于口语中, 表示预言、意图或者打算等。He was going to start work the following week. 他打算下星期开始工作。3. was/were about to do: 常用来表示即将发生的动作, “刚要/正要做……”。注意该结构不与任何时间状语连用。I felt that something terrible was about to happen. 我感到某种可怕的事情即将发生。4.was/were to do: 表示“曾计划做某事”, 如果表示“本来计划做某事, 动作没实现”, 则需用 “was/were to have done”。She said she was to have told me about the accident. 她说她本来想告诉我关于事故的事。5.Start, go, come, leave, see, meet等动词的过去进行时: 表示就过去某一时刻而言即将发生的动作。She was coming later. 她随后就来。I had just put on my overcoat and was leaving to visit a friend of mine. 我刚穿上外套要去看我的一个朋友。
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