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北师大初中数学八年级上册单个一次函数图象的应用1教案
方法总结：要认真观察图象，结合题意，弄清各点所表示的意义．探究点二：一次函数与一元一次方程一次函数y＝kx＋b(k，b为常数，且k≠0)的图象如图所示，根据图象信息可求得关于x的方程kx＋b＝0的解为()A．x＝－1B．x＝2C．x＝0D．x＝3解析：首先由函数经过点(0，1)可得b＝1，再将点(2，3)代入y＝kx＋1，可求出k的值为1，从而可得出一次函数的表达式为y＝x＋1，再求出方程x＋1＝0的解为x＝－1，故选A.方法总结：此题主要考查了一次函数与一元一次方程的关系，关键是正确利用待定系数法求出一次函数的关系式．三、板书设计一次函数的应用单个一次函数图象的应用一次函数与一元一次方程的关系探究的过程由浅入深，并利用了丰富的实际情景，增加了学生的学习兴趣．教学中要注意层层递进，逐步让学生掌握求一次函数与一元一次方程的关系．教学中还应注意尊重学生的个体差异，使每个学生都学有所获．
北师大初中数学八年级上册两个一次函数图象的应用1教案
解：∵y＝23x＋a与y＝－12x＋b的图象都过点A(－4，0)，∴32×(－4)＋a＝0，－12×(－4)＋b＝0.∴a＝6，b＝－2.∴两个一次函数分别是y＝32x＋6和y＝－12x－2.y＝32x＋6与y轴交于点B，则y＝32×0＋6＝6，∴B(0，6)；y＝－12x－2与y轴交于点C，则y＝－2，∴C(0，－2)．如图所示，S△ABC＝12BC·AO＝12×4×(6＋2)＝16.方法总结：解此类题要先求得顶点的坐标，即两个一次函数的交点和它们分别与x轴、y轴交点的坐标．三、板书设计两个一次函数的应用实际生活中的问题几何问题进一步训练学生的识图能力，能通过函数图象获取信息，解决简单的实际问题，在函数图象信息获取过程中，进一步培养学生的数形结合意识，发展形象思维．在解决实际问题的过程中，进一步发展学生的分析问题、解决问题的能力和数学应用意识．
北师大初中数学八年级上册二元一次方程与一次函数2教案
2. 在弹性限度内，弹簧的长度y（厘米）是所挂物体质量x（千克）的一次函数．当所挂物体的质量为1千克时弹簧长15厘米；当所挂物体的质量为3千克时，弹簧长16厘米．写出y与x之间的函数关系式，并求当所挂物体的质量为4千克时弹簧的长度．答案： 当x＝４是，y＝ 3. 教材例2的再探索：我边防局接到情报，近海处有一可疑船只A正向公海方向行驶．边防局迅速派出快艇B追赶，如图所示， ， 分别表示两船相对于海岸的距离s（海里）与追赶时间t（分）之间的关系．当时间t等于多少分钟时，我边防快艇B能够追赶上A。答案：直线 的解析式： ，直线 的解析式： 15分钟第五环节课堂小结（2分钟，教师引导学生总结）内容：一、函数与方程之间的关系．二、在解决实际问题时从不同角度思考问题，就会得到不一样的方法，从而拓展自己的思维．三、掌握利用二元一次方程组求一次函数表达式的一般步骤：1．用含字母的系数设出一次函数的表达式： ；2．将已知条件代入上述表达式中得k，b的二元一次方程组；3．解这个二元一次方程组得k，b，进而得到一次函数的表达式.
利用计算器进行有理数的计算教案教学设计
计算器的面板是由键盘和显示器组成的。显示器是用来显示输入的数据和计算结果的装置。显示器因计算器的种类不同而不同，有单行显示的，也有双行显示的。在键盘的每个键上，都标明了这个键的功能。我们看键盘上标有的键，是开机键，在开始使用计算器时先要按一下这个键，以接通电源，计算器的电源一般用5号电池或钮扣电池。再看键，是关机键，停止使用计算器时要按一下这个键，来切断计算器的电源，是清除键，按一下这个键，计算器就清除当前显示的数与符号。的功能是完成运算或执行命令。是运算键，按一下这个键，计算器就执行加法运算。
一元一次方程教案教学设计
1、方程的定义1)像这种用等号“=”来表示相等关系的式子，叫等式。(老师给出定义。）2)请大家观察左边的这些式子，看看它们有什么共同的特征？(老师提出问题。）3）列方程时，要先设字母表示未知数，然后根据问题中的相等关系，写出含有未知数的等式叫做方程。（学生思考后，老师给出新学内容方程的定义。）4）判断方程的两个关键要素： ①有未知数 ②是等式（老师提问，并给出。）
高教版中职数学基础模块下册：10.1《计数原理》教学设计
授课 日期 班级16高造价 课题： §10.1 计数原理 教学目的要求： 1.掌握分类计数原理与分步计数原理的概念和区别； 2.能利用两个原理分析和解决一些简单的应用问题； 3.通过对一些应用问题的分析，培养自己的归纳概括和逻辑判断能力. 教学重点、难点: 两个原理的概念与区别 授课方法： 任务驱动法 小组合作学习法 教学参考及教具（含多媒体教学设备）： 《单招教学大纲》、课件 授课执行情况及分析： 板书设计或授课提纲 §10.1 计数原理 1、加法原理 2、乘法原理 3、两个原理的区别
高教版中职数学基础模块下册：6.3《等比数列》教学设计
课题序号6-3授课形式讲授与练习课题名称等比数列课时2教学 目标知识 目标理解并掌握等比数列的概念，掌握并能应用等比数列的通项公式及前n项和公式。能力 目标通过公式的推导和应用，使学生体会从特殊到一般，再从一般到特殊的思维规律，初步形成认识问题、分析问题、解决问题的一般思路和方法 。素质 目标通过对等比数列知识的学习，培养学生细心观察、认真分析、正确总结的科学思维习惯和严谨的学习态度。教学 重点等比数列的概念及通项公式、前n项和公式的推导过程及运用。教学 难点对等比数列的通项公式与求和公式变式运用。教学内容 调整无学生知识与 能力准备数列的概念课后拓展 练习 习题（P.21）： 3，4．教学 反思 教研室 审核
高教版中职数学基础模块下册：6.2《等差数列》教学设计
系（部）医药授课教师戚文撷授课班级11(5),11（6）班授课类型新授课授课时数2课时授课周数第一周授课日期2012.2.15授课地点 教室课题第六章数列分课题§6.2 等差数列教学目标1. 理解等差数列的概念，掌握等差数列的通项公式；掌握等差中项的概念． 2. 逐步灵活应用等差数列的概念和通项公式解决问题． 3.等差数列的前N项之和 ． 4．培养学生分析、比较、归纳的逻辑思维能力． ． 2． 3．教学重点等差数列的概念及其通项公式． 教学难点等差数列通项公式的灵活运用． 教学方法情境教学法、自主探究式教学方法教学器材及设备黑板、粉笔复习提问提问内容姓名成绩1．数列的定义？ 答： 2. 数列的通项公式？ 答： 板书设计 §6.2.1等差数列的概念 1． 1.等差数列的定义 公差：d 2.常数列 3．等差数列的通项公式 an＝a1＋(n－1)d． 等差数列的前n 项和公式： 例题 练习作业布置习题第1，2题．课后小结本节课主要采用自主探究式教学方法．充分利用现实情景，尽可能地增加教学过程的趣味性、实践性．我再整个教学中强调学生的主动参与，让学生自己去分析、探索，在探索过程中研究和领悟得出的结论，从而达到使学生既获得知识又发展智能的目的．
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 2 Bridging Cultures-Discovering useful structures教学设计
The grammar of this unit is designed to review noun clauses. Sentences that use nouns in a sentence are called noun clauses. Nominal clauses can act as subject, object, predicate, appositive and other components in compound sentences. According to the above-mentioned different grammatical functions, nominal clauses are divided into subject clause, object clause, predicate clause and appositive clause. In this unit, we will review the three kinds of nominal clauses. Appositive clauses are not required to be mastered in the optional compulsory stage, so they are not involved.1. Guide the students to judge the compound sentences and determine the composition of the clauses in the sentence.2. Instruct students to try to learn grammar by generalizing grammar rules, controlling written practice, and semi-open oral output.3. Inspire the students to systematize the function and usage of noun clause1.Instruct students to try to learn grammar by generalizing grammar rules, controlling written practice, and semi-open oral output.2.Inspire the students to systematize the function and usage of noun clauseStep1: The teacher ask studetns to find out more nominal clauses from the reading passage and udnerline the nominal clauses.
高教版中职数学基础模块下册：10.4《用样本估计总体》教学设计
教 学 过 程教师 行为学生 行为教学 意图时间 *揭示课题 10.4 用样本估计总体 *创设情境 兴趣导入 【知识回顾】 初中我们曾经学习过频数分布图和频数分布表，利用它们可以清楚地看到数据分布在各个组内的个数． 【知识巩固】 例1 某工厂从去年全年生产某种零件的日产记录(件)中随机抽取30份，得到以下数据： 346 345 347 357 349 352 341 345 358 350 354 344 346 342 345 358 348 345 346 357 350 345 352 349 346 356 351 355 352 348 列出频率分布表． 解 分析样本的数据．其最大值是358，最小值是341，它们的差是358－341=17．取组距为3，确定分点，将数据分为6组． 列出频数分布表 【小提示】 设定分点数值时需要考虑分点值不要与样本数据重合． 分 组频 数 累 计频 数340.5～343.5┬2343.5～346.5正 正10346.5～349.5正5349.5～352.5正 ￣6352.5～355.5┬2355.5～358.5正5合 计3030 介绍 质疑 引领 分析 讲解 说明 了解 观察 思考 解答 启发 学生思考 0 10*动脑思考 探索新知 【新知识】 各组内数据的个数，叫做该组的频数．每组的频数与全体数据的个数之比叫做该组的频率． 计算上面频数分布表中各组的频率，得到频率分布表如表10－8所示． 表10－8 分 组频 数频 率340.5～343.520.067343.5～346.5100.333346.5～349.550.167349.5～352.560.2352.5～355.520.067355.5～358.550.166合 计301.000 根据频率分布表，可以画出频率分布直方图（如图10－4）． 图10－4 频率分布直方图的横轴表示数据分组情况，以组距为单位；纵轴表示频率与组距之比．因此，某一组距的频率数值上等于对应矩形的面积． 【想一想】 各小矩形的面积之和应该等于1．为什么呢？ 【新知识】 图10－4显示，日产量为344~346件的天数最多，其频率等于该矩形的面积，即 ． 根据样本的数据，可以推测，去年的生产这种零件情况：去年约有的天数日产量为344~346件． 频率分布直方图可以直观地反映样本数据的分布情况．由此可以推断和估计总体中某事件发生的概率．样本选择得恰当，这种估计是比较可信的． 如上所述，用样本的频率分布估计总体的步骤为： (1) 选择恰当的抽样方法得到样本数据； (2) 计算数据最大值和最小值、确定组距和组数，确定分点并列出频率分布表； (3) 绘制频率分布直方图； (4) 观察频率分布表与频率分布直方图，根据样本的频率分布，估计总体中某事件发生的概率． 【软件链接】 利用与教材配套的软件（也可以使用其他软件），可以方便的绘制样本数据的频率分布直方图，如图10－5所示． 图10?5 讲解 说明 引领 分析 仔细 分析 关键 语句 观察 理解 记忆 带领 学生 分析 25
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 1 Science and Scientists-Learning about Language教学设计
Step 7: complete the discourse according to the grammar rules.Cholera used to be one of the most 1.__________ (fear) diseases in the world. In the early 19th century, _2_________ an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died. But neither its cause, 3__________ its cure was understood. A British doctor, John Snow, wanted to solve the problem and he knew that cholera would not be controlled _4_________ its cause was found. In general, there were two contradictory theories 5 __________ explained how cholera spread. The first suggested that bad air caused the disease. The second was that cholera was caused by an _6_________(infect) from germs in food or water. John Snow thought that the second theory was correct but he needed proof. So when another outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, he began to investigate. Later, with all the evidence he _7_________ (gather), John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Therefore, he had the handle of the pump _8_________ (remove) so that it couldn't be used. Through his intervention，the disease was stopped in its tracks. What is more, John Snow found that some companies sold water from the River Thames that __9__________________ (pollute) by raw waste. The people who drank this water were much more likely _10_________ (get) cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water. Through John Snow's efforts, the _11_________ (threaten) of cholera around the world saw a substantial increase. Keys： 1.feared 2.when 3. nor 4.unless 5.that/which 6.infection 7.had gathered 8.removed 9.was polluted 10.to get 11. threat
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 3 Food and Culture-Reading and thinking教学设计
The discourse explores the link between food and culture from a foreign’s perspective and it records some authentic Chinese food and illustrates the cultural meaning, gerography features and historic tradition that the food reflects. It is aimed to lead students to understand and think about the connection between food and culture. While teaching, the teacher should instruct students to find out the writing order and the writer’s experieces and feelings towards Chinese food and culture.1.Guide the students to read the text, sort out the information and dig out the topic.2.Understand the cultural connotation, regional characteristics and historical tradition of Chinese cuisine3.Understand and explore the relationship between food and people's personality4.Guide the students to use the cohesive words in the text5.Lead students to accurately grasp the real meaning of the information and improve the overall understanding ability by understanding the implied meaning behind the text.1. Enable the Ss to understand the structure and the writing style of the passage well.2. Lead the Ss to understand and think further about the connection between food and geography and local character traits.Step1: Prediction before reading. Before you read, look at the title, and the picture. What do you think this article is about?keys:It is about various culture and cuisine about a place or some countries.
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 5 First Aid-Discovering useful structures教学设计
You have no excuse for not going.你没有理由不去。He was punished for not having finished his homework.他因未完成作业而受到惩罚。2．动词ing形式复合结构由物主代词或人称代词宾格、名词所有格或普通格加动词ing，即“sb./sb.'s＋doing”构成。动词ing形式的复合结构实际上是给动词ing形式加了一个逻辑主语。动词ing形式的复合结构有四种形式：①形容词性物主代词＋动词ing②名词所有格＋动词ing③代词宾格＋动词ing④名词＋动词ingHer coming to help encouraged all of us.她来帮忙鼓舞了我们所有人。The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting.这个婴儿被突然的关门声吵醒了。Can you imagine him/Jack cooking at home?你能想象他/杰克在家做饭的样子吗？无生命名词无论是作主语还是作宾语都不能用第②种形式。Tom's winning first prize last year impressed me a lot.汤姆去年得了一等奖使我印象深刻。Do you mind my/me/Jack's/Jack leaving now?你介意我/杰克现在离开吗？Excuse me for my not coming on time．很抱歉我没能按时来。His father's being ill made him worried.他父亲病了，他很担心。We are looking forward to the singer's/the singer to give us a concert.我们盼望着这位歌手来给我们举办一场演唱会。
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 1 Science and Scientists-Discovering useful structures教学设计
The grammatical structure of this unit is predicative clause. Like object clause and subject clause, predicative clause is one of Nominal Clauses. The leading words of predicative clauses are that, what, how, what, where, as if, because, etc.The design of teaching activities aims to guide students to perceive the structural features of predicative clauses and think about their ideographic functions. Beyond that, students should be guided to use this grammar in the context apporpriately and flexibly.1. Enable the Ss to master the usage of the predicative clauses in this unit.2. Enable the Ss to use the predicative patterns flexibly.3. Train the Ss to apply some skills by doing the relevant exercises.1.Guide students to perceive the structural features of predicative clauses and think about their ideographic functions.2.Strengthen students' ability of using predicative clauses in context, but also cultivate their ability of text analysis and logical reasoning competence.Step1: Underline all the examples in the reading passage, where noun clauses are used as the predicative. Then state their meaning and functions.1) One theory was that bad air caused the disease.2) Another theory was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.3) The truth was that the water from the Broad Street had been infected by waste.Sum up the rules of grammar:1. 以上黑体部分在句中作表语。2. 句1、2、3中的that在从句中不作成分，只起连接作用。 Step2: Review the basic components of predicative clauses1.Definition
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 1 Science and Scientists-Reading and thinking教学设计
Step 5： After learning the text, discuss with your peers about the following questions:1.John Snow believed Idea 2 was right. How did he finally prove it?2. Do you think John Snow would have solved this problem without the map?3. Cholera is a 19th century disease. What disease do you think is similar to cholera today?SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.keys:1. John Snow finally proved his idea because he found an outbreak that was clearly related to cholera, collected information and was able to tie cases outside the area to the polluted water.2. No. The map helped John Snow organize his ideas. He was able to identify those households that had had many deaths and check their water-drinking habits. He identified those houses that had had no deaths and surveyed their drinking habits. The evidence clearly pointed to the polluted water being the cause.3. SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.Step 6: Consolidate what you have learned by filling in the blanks:John Snow was a well-known _1___ in London in the _2__ century. He wanted to find the _3_____ of cholera in order to help people ___4_____ it. In 1854 when a cholera __5__ London, he began to gather information. He ___6__ on a map ___7___ all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had ___8____ (drink) the dirty water from the __9____ died. So he decided that the polluted water ___10____ cholera. He suggested that the ___11__ of all water supplies should be _12______ and new methods of dealing with ____13___ water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was __14_____.Keys: 1. doctor 2. 19th 3.cause 4.infected with 5.hit 6.marked 7.where 8.drunk 9.pump 10.carried 11.source 12.examined 13.polluted 14.defeatedHomework: Retell the text after class and preview its language points
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 1 Science and Scientists-Using langauge教学设计
This happens because the dish soap molecules have a strong negative charge, and the milk molecules have a strong positive charge. Like magnets, these molecules are attracted to each other, and so they appear to move around on the plate, taking the food coloring with them, making it look like the colors are quickly moving to escape from the soap.Listening text:? Judy: Oh, I'm so sorry that you were ill and couldn't come with us on our field trip. How are you feeling now? Better?? Bill: Much better, thanks. But how was it?? Judy: Wonderful! I especially liked an area of the museum called Light Games.it was really cool. They had a hall of mirrors where I could see myself reflected thousands of times!? Bill: A hall of mirrors can be a lot of fun. What else did they have?? Judy: Well, they had an experiment where we looked at a blue screen for a while, and then suddenly we could see tiny bright lights moving around on it. You'll never guess what those bright lights were!? Bill: Come on, tell me!? Judy: They were our own blood cells. For some reason, our eyes play tricks on us when we look at a blue screen, and we can see our own blood cells moving around like little lights! But there was another thing I liked better. I stood in front of a white light, and it cast different shadows of me in every color of the rainbow!? Bill: Oh, I wish I had been there. Tell me more!? Judy: Well, they had another area for sound. They had a giant piano keyboard that you could use your feet to play. But then, instead of playing the sounds of a piano, it played the voices of classical singers! Then they had a giant dish, and when you spoke into it, it reflected the sound back and made it louder. You could use it to speak in a whisper to someone 17 meters away.? Bill: It all sounds so cool. I wish I could have gone with you? Judy: I know, but we can go together this weekend. I'd love to go there again!? Bill: That sounds like a great idea!
新人教版高中英语选修2Unit 3 Food and Culture-Discovering useful structures教学设计
The newspaper reported more than 100 people had been killed in the thunderstorm.报纸报道说有一百多人在暴风雨中丧生。(2)before、when、by the time、until、after、once等引导的时间状语从句的谓语是一般过去时，以及by、before后面接过去的时间时，主句动作发生在从句的动作或过去的时间之前且表示被动时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。By the time my brother was 10, he had been sent to Italy.我弟弟10岁前就已经被送到意大利了。Tons of rice had been produced by the end of last month. 到上月底已生产了好几吨大米。(3) It was the first/second/last ... time that ...句中that引导的定语从句中，主语与谓语构成被动关系时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。It was the first time that I had seen the night fact to face in one and a half years. 这是我一年半以来第一次亲眼目睹夜晚的景色。(4)在虚拟语气中，条件句表示与过去事实相反，且主语与谓语构成被动关系时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。If I had been instructed by him earlier, I would have finished the task.如果我早一点得到他的指示，我早就完成这项任务了。If I had hurried, I wouldn't have missed the train.如果我快点的话，我就不会误了火车。If you had been at the party, you would have met him. 如果你去了晚会，你就会见到他的。
高教版中职数学基础模块下册：9.5《柱、锥、球及其简单组合体》教学设计
课题序号 授课班级 授课课时2授课形式 教学方法 授课章节 名称9.5柱、锥、球及其组合体使用教具 教学目的1、使学生认识柱、锥、球及其组合体的结构特征，并能运用这些特征描述生活中简单物体的结构。 2、让学生了解柱、锥、球的侧面积和体积的计算公式。 3、培养学生观察能力、计算能力。
【高教版】中职数学拓展模块：3.1《排列与组合》优秀教学设计
教 学 过 程教师 行为学生 行为教学 意图时间 *揭示课题 3．1 排列与组合． *创设情境 兴趣导入 基础模块中，曾经学习了两个计数原理．大家知道： （1）如果完成一件事，有N类方式.第一类方式有k1种方法，第二类方式有k2种方法，……，第n类方式有kn种方法，那么完成这件事的方法共有 = + +…+（种）． （3.1） （2）如果完成一件事，需要分成N个步骤．完成第1个步骤有k1种方法，完成第2个步骤有k2种方法，……，完成第n个步骤有kn种方法，并且只有这n个步骤都完成后，这件事才能完成，那么完成这件事的方法共有 = · ·…·（种）． （3.2） 下面看一个问题： 在北京、重庆、上海3个民航站之间的直达航线，需要准备多少种不同的机票？ 这个问题就是从北京、重庆、上海3个民航站中，每次取出2个站，按照起点在前，终点在后的顺序排列，求不同的排列方法的总数. 首先确定机票的起点，从3个民航站中任意选取1个，有3种不同的方法；然后确定机票的终点，从剩余的2个民航站中任意选取1个，有2种不同的方法．根据分步计数原理，共有3×2=6种不同的方法，即需要准备6种不同的飞机票： 北京→重庆，北京→上海，重庆→北京，重庆→上海，上海→北京，上海→重庆. 介绍 播放 课件 质疑 了解 观看 课件 思考 引导 启发学生得出结果 0 15*动脑思考 探索新知 我们将被取的对象（如上面问题中的民航站）叫做元素，上面的问题就是：从3个不同元素中，任取2个，按照一定的顺序排成一列，可以得到多少种不同的排列. 一般地，从n个不同元素中，任取m (m≤n)个元素，按照一定的顺序排成一列，叫做从n个不同元素中取出m个元素的一个排列，时叫做选排列，时叫做全排列. 总结 归纳 分析 关键 词语 思考 理解 记忆 引导学生发现解决问题方法 20
【高教版】中职数学拓展模块：3.2《二项式定理》教学设计
一、定义： ，这一公式表示的定理叫做二项式定理，其中公式右边的多项式叫做的二项展开式；上述二项展开式中各项的系数 叫做二项式系数，第项叫做二项展开式的通项，用表示；叫做二项展开式的通项公式．二、二项展开式的特点与功能1. 二项展开式的特点项数：二项展开式共（二项式的指数+1）项；指数：二项展开式各项的第一字母依次降幂（其幂指数等于相应二项式系数的下标与上标的差），第二字母依次升幂（其幂指数等于二项式系数的上标），并且每一项中两个字母的系数之和均等于二项式的指数；系数：各项的二项式系数下标等于二项式指数；上标等于该项的项数减去1（或等于第二字母的幂指数；2. 二项展开式的功能注意到二项展开式的各项均含有不同的组合数，若赋予a，b不同的取值，则二项式展开式演变成一个组合恒等式．因此，揭示二项式定理的恒等式为组合恒等式的“母函数”，它是解决组合多项式问题的原始依据．又注意到在的二项展开式中，若将各项中组合数以外的因子视为这一组合数的系数，则易见展开式中各组合数的系数依次成等比数列．因此，解决组合数的系数依次成等比数列的求值或证明问题，二项式公式也是不可或缺的理论依据．