
(1)请同学们结合日常生活实例和教材分析说明人类要在世界各地消除贫困并保持人口的合理容量任务的艰巨性?(2)采取何种措施才能更好的解决这一问题的出现?教师总结(1)现实中的人口问题(如人口过快增长、人口城市化和人口老龄化等)引发了严重的资源问题和环境问题。①发达国家的人均消耗资源量很大,索取资源和转嫁有害生产的地域超出了本国的范围。②发展中国家不仅人口数量多,人均消费水平低,而且一些国家的人口仍在快速增长。若在现有的经济基础上,把发展中国家人均生活质量提高到与发达国家相当的水平,所引发的资源短缺和环境问题将会相当严重,解决的难度也很大。(2)I就整个世界来说:①国际社会要倡导各国,尤其发展中国家要尽最大可能把人口控制在合理的规模之内;②建立公平的秩序,保证大多数人拥有不断追求高水平生活质量的平等权利。

(一)导入[以视频欣赏导入]同学们,刚才欣赏的是大家熟悉、喜欢的电视剧《亮剑》中的精彩片段——李云龙论述什么是“亮剑”精神?同学们听后觉得好不好?牛不牛?“亮剑”精神简单理解就是敢于与强大的敌人(对手)做斗争,无论对手多么强大,都要满腔勇气和信心,永不放弃、永不言败,要敢于亮剑……今天我们一起来学习世界100部著名文学作品之一、美国里程碑式30部文学作品之一的世界名著——海明威的《老人与海》,看看主人公桑提亚哥“硬汉”性格和李云龙“亮剑”精神有么相似的地方。(请同学们翻到课文,课件显示课题《老人与海》)(二)走进作者:请同学们自己谈收集到的有关海明威的资料,然后教师梳理出下列核心内容识记:(课件显示)海明威(1899~1961),美国现代作家,20世纪美国文学史上最耀眼的名字之一。早期作品表现了第一次世界大战青年一代的彷徨情绪,以“迷惘的一代”的代表著称。20世纪末回到美国,写了不小以拳击家、渔民、猎人等为主人公的短篇小说,创造了“硬汉子”性格。

②林冲无辜受害,被刺配到沧州,远离了京城,高俅一伙,陆谦、富安又追到沧州,在李小二的酒店里密谋陷害林冲。林冲从李小二那里听说了这件事之后是什么态度?表现出林冲的什么性格?明确:林冲听到李小二的报信,并确知从东京来的尴尬人就是陆虞候时,马上意识到“那泼贱贼”是要“来这里害我”,他识破了仇人的阴谋,激起了复仇的怒火,气愤地说:“休要撞着我,只叫他骨肉为泥!”说罢,便怒冲冲地“先去街上买把解腕尖刀,带在身上,前街后巷一地里去寻”,次日,“带了刀,又去沧州城里城外,小街夹巷,团团寻了一日”。这说明,当迫害逼到眼前时,林冲也具有了强烈的反抗意识。但是,“街上寻了三五日,不见消耗”时,“林冲也自心下慢了”,对仇人有所怀疑,却失去了应有的警惕性,刚刚点燃起来的复仇怒火又慢慢熄灭了。这说明林冲的反抗并不坚决,幻想得过且过,委曲求全。

教师提示:1.这句话的本体不是一般意义上的“中国诗”,即不是指中国诗歌中的某一类作品或某位诗人的作品,而是指中国诗的发展特点。早熟,是指“纯粹的抒情诗的精髓和峰极,在中国诗里出现得异常之早”;早衰,是指“中国诗一蹴而至崇高的境界,以后就缺乏变化,而且逐渐腐化”(腐化,是对诗的思想内容和艺术价值而言的)。这句话,借助比喻和比喻中的对比(“早熟”与“早衰”),从诗歌发展的角度,简要地说明了中国诗的艺术特征和由此产生的负面影响。2.这句话有两层意思:一是借梵文的《百喻经》阐释中国的艺术和思想体构上的缺欠,旨在批评;二是点明造成这种缺欠的根本原因。“一个印度愚人要住三层楼而不许匠人造底下两层”这样的建筑物就是“飘飘凌云的空中楼阁”,作者以此作喻,批评中国的艺术和思想体构缺乏严密的逻辑性,往往脱离客观实际,没有坚实的基础,其结果必定影响艺术的健康、稳定地发展。

刘邦:先看刘邦对项伯的表白(此话也是有意让项伯转述给项羽听的):“秋毫不敢有所近”——说“不敢”而不说“不曾”,多么恭顺!“籍吏民,封府库,而待将军”——“待”,多么虔诚!“日夜望将军至”——说“望”而不说“等”,多么迫切!再看刘邦的卑词“谢罪”:他言必称“将军”,说自己与项羽“戮力而攻秦”,是战友而非敌人;将“先入关破秦”说成是不自意,以表自己的力量不如项羽;把“得复见将军于此”当作是自己莫大的荣幸以满足项羽的虚荣心;最后,他还把项羽的愤怒归咎于“小人”的挑拨,为项羽推卸责任,及时给项羽一个台阶下。小结:项羽:沽名钓誉、轻敌自大、寡谋轻信、不善用人、刚愎自用、优柔寡断的一介武夫。刘邦:狡诈多谋、遇事果断、临危不惧、能屈能伸、善于用人。

教学目标:1、知识与能力:①了解荆轲刺秦王的历史背景和过程,整体感知课文。②掌握文言文中重要的字、词、句解释,提高翻译能力。③学会从人物的对话、动作、神态描写入手,分析主要人物形象。2、情感与态度:正确看待荆轲刺秦王这一事件,学会历史而辩证地评价人物。重点难点:评价历史事件,分析人物形象。教学方法:朗读法、提问法、讨论法课时安排:三课时教学过程:第一课时一、导入:(课前展示雕塑照片)来到正定讲课,我感到非常高兴,一进县城,就被这里浓郁的历史文化气息所感染。我们住在华阳假日酒店,外面正在兴建文化广场,刚才的照片就是在那里拍摄的。在此,我进一步了解到正定这座文化古城悠久的历史渊源,这里有南越王赵佗,常胜将军赵云,一代名家颜真卿等等,可谓物华天宝、人杰地灵。因此我相信我们正定中学的同学们一定都非常优秀。这也让我更深刻地体会到一个道理:语文的外延就是生活的外延。

让学生仔细聆听美妙的音乐,合作讨论,加深理解。(1)本诗文中的“兰芝被遣”和“兰芝抗婚”的情节,可与乐曲展开部第一阶段“逼嫁抗婚”对比阅读。文中的刘兰芝是在封建礼教的压迫下被遣归及被迫“改嫁”,刘兰芝与祝英台一样都进行了抗争。乐曲中的乐器奏出了具有威胁力的封建势力的主题,代表着封建势力的凶暴残酷,同时叙述了祝英台的悲痛和不安心情,表现了控诉、抗争的感情。(2)本诗文中的“夫妻誓别”的情节,可与乐曲呈示部中的结束部“长亭惜别”对比阅读。文中刘兰芝与焦仲卿的誓别。二人分手之际,依依不舍,“举手长劳劳,二情同依依”。乐曲中梁祝分别时依依不舍又充满悲伤,音调抒情徐缓。让学生在徐缓的音乐中去感受刘兰芝与焦仲卿生离死别的痛苦。

三、指导第一段的背诵,点拨理解句意,强调关键词语,注重文言基础知识教学。过程中要让学生反复读背。背诵线索:时间——地点——事件——人物——环境——活动——天气——感觉。时间:永和九年,岁在癸丑,暮春之初。地点:会于会稽山阴之兰亭。事件:修稧事也。人物:群贤毕至,少长咸集。环境:此地有崇山峻岭,茂林修竹;又有清流激湍,映带左右。活动:引以为流觞曲水,列坐其次。虽无丝竹管弦之盛,一觞一咏,亦足以畅叙幽情。天气:是日也,天朗气清,惠风和畅。感觉:仰观宇宙之大,俯察品类之盛,所以极视听之娱,信可乐也。四、学生自读背诵5分钟。五、抽一至二名学生试背课文,教师可作必要的线索提示。第二课时一、听名家示范朗诵,学生小声跟读。二、复习巩固第一自然段的阅读背诵。三、朗读、解析第二自然段,理解文章“由叙入感”的写作结构。

教学设想:本节课的主题是“生命之绿,璞玉心灵”,用圈点批注法解读爱绿的感情,让学生在批注中明确“绿”的象征意义,而不只是结论的传递。同时借助于阅读、感受和理解把握作者对绿的认识是不断升华的,由一般对生命希望之绿的喜爱,到与绿交往后被它的不畏强暴,永远向阳的精神所折服,最后在特定的时代背景下绿在作者的心目中已经成了我们民族不屈精神的象征。让学生评中求解,评中悟情,评中明理,评中品味。教学进程:一、导语上节课我们学习了朱自清的《绿》,初步了解了读书动笔的基本方法,这节课我们继续用圈点批注的方法来学习陆蠡的散文《囚绿记》。二、释题师:看标题,囚绿之“绿”在文中具体指什么?(一株常春藤)“囚”就是囚禁的意思,那题目就是记述囚禁绿色常春藤的经过。三、圈点、把握情节作者为什么要囚绿呢?文中除了写“囚绿”之外,还写了哪些有关绿的意念和行动?带着这样的质疑用自己喜欢的方式朗读课文,请同学们圈点出疑难字词,或结合书下注释,或同学合作解决,解决不了的,可提出来我们共同解决。标注段落节次。勾画出表现作者对绿意念和行动的句子。

教学过程:一、导语毛泽东在《沁园春雪》俯视封建君王“惜秦皇汉武。。。只识弯弓射大雕。”但如果历史上只有一个人可以与他相提并论,这个人只能是魏武帝曹操。“滚滚长江东逝水,浪花淘尽英雄。是非成败转头空,青山依旧在,几度夕阳红。”(《三国演义》卷首词)在历史的大浪淘沙中,有多少英雄能够经得起历史的千淘万漉而流芳百世呢?曹操应该是三国时代留下了浓重一笔的人物。老师总结,并启发他们去联系:我们学过他的《观沧海》“东临碣石,以观沧海…”还有《龟虽寿》“神龟虽寿,猷有竟时。老骥伏枥,志在千里;烈士暮年,壮心不已。”《青梅煮洒论英雄》中曾和他见过,《三国演义》电视剧播出后,大家和他也就频频见面了。《三国演义》第48回“宴长江曹操赋诗”中,赤壁之战前夕,曹操和众部将一起狂饮,他四顾空阔,心中大喜,与诸将讲述自己希望收服江南的雄心壮志。

结合历史自古以来,江山美人历来都是引无数英雄豪杰竞折腰的,如果说英雄选择了美人却丢了江山,把所有罪名都归结于“女人是祸水”。但是,纣王无道,和有了妲己有必然的联系吗?有人说妲己坏透了,坏透了的妲己如果不是取得纣王的信任是坏不起来的,纣王听信了妲己的谗言,听与不听决定权在纣王,而不在妲己。强势永远在纣王一边。再来看看西施和杨贵妃:西施是作为越国贡献给吴国的供品来到吴王夫差的身边的,杨贵妃更是先是李隆基的儿媳妇被看中而得宠的。所以,西施和杨贵妃这两个可怜的女人根本没有自己的独立选择,没有独立的爱情,如果没有西施,就会有南施,或北施;如果没有杨贵妃,就会有李贵妃,王贵妃,总之什么施,什么妃是不能少的,因为那是吴王和李隆基的需要。

【教学目标】1.熟读全文,掌握文中出现的重要的实词、虚词、古汉语句式;2.鉴赏本文融情于事的表达和形象精粹的语言;3.深入体会文章凄切婉转的陈情技巧。【教学重点】重要的古汉语语词知识【教学难点】理解作者当时的处境和李密祖孙间真挚深厚的感情【教学方法】作为教读课,选择串讲的方式,突出朗读,以期能做到既落实知识,又能体会文章之美。课时安排为两课时。要重点做好预习工作。【教学步骤】一、以苏轼的评论导入读《出师表》不下泪者,其人必不忠;读《陈情表》不下泪者,其人必不孝;读《祭十二郎文》不下泪者,其人必不友二、预习检测1、下列红色字注音完全正确的一项()A、臣以险衅(xìn)夙遭闵(mǐn)凶终鲜(xiǎn)兄弟常在床蓐(rù)B、猥(wěi)以微贱责臣逋(bǔ)慢犹蒙衿(jīn)育宠命优渥(wò)C、岂敢盘桓(huán)有所希冀(yì)日薄(bó)西山除臣洗(xiǎn)马D、逮(dǎi)奉圣朝过蒙拔擢(zhuó)门衰祚(zuò)薄更(gēng)相为命分析:B责臣逋(bū)慢,C有所希冀(jì),D逮(dài)奉圣朝。

教学目标:1、知识与能力:(1)识记:理性、启蒙运动;伏尔泰、孟德斯鸠、卢梭等伟大的启蒙思想家及其主张;康德及启蒙运动的影响;(2)理解启蒙运动兴起的背景,分析启蒙思想的巨大影响;(3)认识上层建筑对社会发展的巨大反作用。2、过程与方法:(1)指导学生用表格法掌握启蒙运动主要代表人物及其思想主张;(2)运用比较法加深对启蒙思想家观点共性和个性的认识。(3)运用比较法对比文艺复兴和启蒙运动的异同,说明启蒙运动对人文主义思想的发展。3、情感态度与价值观:(1)通过本课的学习,让学生认识到“一定的文化是一定社会的政治和经济在观念上和形态上的反映”;(2)学习启蒙思想家追求真理的精神,培养学生远大的理想与抱负;(3)通过法国启蒙思想产生的巨大影响的分析,使学生认识意识形态对社会发展所起的重大作用,从而提高学习理论的自觉性。

(形容词短语most beautiful的构成形式为:副词+形容词,该短语在句中作定语修饰名词bird)④A good friend is someone who makes you really happy.好朋友就是能让你真正高兴的人。(形容词短语really happy的构成形式为:副词+形容词,该短语在句中作宾语补足语)[即学即练]画出下例句中的形容词短语并指明构成形式如:It is less cold today than it was yesterday.构成形式: 副词+形容词(1)Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.(2)The road is long enough.(3)The medicine is good for stomach.三、副词短语(Adverb Phrases)副词短语:指以一个副词为中心构成的短语,在句中的功能相当于副词,可以修饰动词、形容词或副词。常见副词短语的构成形式有:(副词)+副词如: much more beautifully①He did his work here yesterday.他昨天在这里工作。(副词短语here yesterday修饰动词did)②Bill did the work very well.比尔做的这份工作很好。副词短语very well修饰动词did③We are all entirely responsible for our action(副词短语all entirely, 修饰形容词短语responsible for)

II Learn the technical terms-2.1. What can be used as “Subject, Object, Predicative, Direct Object, Indirect Object and objective complement” in a sentence?2. What can be used as “adverbial” in a sentence?3. What can be used as “verb” in a sentence?Answers to questions 1-3:1. Nouns, pronouns and appellations can be used as “Subject, Object, Predicative, Direct Object, Indirect Object and Objective Complement”. Besides, adjectives can be used as “Predicative and Objective Complement” in a sentence.2. Adverbs and prepositional phrases can be used as “Adverbial”.3. Verbs with actual meaning can be used as “Verb” in a sentence. Auxiliary verbs alone cannot be used as “Verb” in a sentence.III Learn to recognize the sentence structures.1. SV structure. For Example:(1) A bird flies.S V(2) A monkey jumps.S V(3) A fish swims.S V√ In SV structures, verbs are “intransitive verbs”.2. SVO structure. For Example:(1) A sheep eats grass.S V O(2) They like bananas.S V O(3) He wants candy.S V O√ In SVO structures, verbs are “transitive verbs”.3. SP structure. For Example:(1) This is great.S P (2) He looks well.S P (3) She became a teacher.S P √ In SP structures, Predicatives are formed by “link verbs” and “adjectives or nouns”.√ link verbs: be, become, grow, look, feel, taste, etc.4. SV IO DO structure. For Example:(1) He asked me a question.S V IO DO(2) Danny wrote me a letter.S V IO DO(3) Billy brought Sam a kite.S V IO DO√ In SV IO DO structures, the verbs are transitive and are followed by two objectives – pronouns or nouns as Indirect Objective, and nouns as Direct Objectives.

Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “Take part in a youth project”. The listening text is an interview about an international youth cultural heritage protection project. More than 20 high school students from seven countries participated in the project. The reporter interviewed two participants Stephanie and Liu Bin. By listening to the text, students can understand the significance of cultural heritage protection, and teenagers can use their knowledge, combine their own interests and advantages, etc. to participate in the action of cultural heritage protection. Listening and Talking introduces the theme of "Talk about history and culture". The listening text is a dialogue between two tourists and tour guides when they visit the Kremlin, red square and surrounding buildings. The dialogue focuses on the functional items of "starting a conversation", which is used to politely and appropriately attract the attention of the others, so as to smoothly start a conversation or start a new topic. The purpose of this section is to guide students to understand the history and current situation of Chinese and foreign cultural heritage in their own tourism experiences or from other people's tourism experiences, explore the historical and cultural values, and be able to express accurately and appropriately in oral communication.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to participate in cultural heritage protection activities.3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “I beg your pardon, but…” “Forgive me for asking, but…" and so on to start the conversation more politely and appropriately.

2.表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作(该动作在说话的瞬间未必正在进行)。Many interesting experiments are being carried out these days.(说话时,并不一定正在进行)3.表示一种经常性的被动行为,常和always,constantly 等表示频度的副词连用,这种用法常常带有赞扬或厌恶的感情色彩。He is always being praised by the leader.4.表示按计划或安排主语将要承受谓语动词所表示的动作(仅限于少数及物动词)。A party is being held tonight.Step 4 Special cases1.像take care of, look after, talk about, think of等动词与介词构成的短语用于现在进行时的被动语态时, 其中的介词不可省略。The ways to stop illegally hunting are being talked about. 2.可与部分情态动词连用,表示对正在发生的事情的推测。She may be being punished by her mother.3.有时可表示按计划或安排将要进行的一个被动动作。A celebration is being held this weekend for his success.4.某些表示“状态、心理活动、存在”等的动词,如have,want,need,love,一般不用现在进行时的被动语态,而常用一般现在时的被动语态。With the population increasing,more land is needed.5.“be+under/in+n.”可表示现在进行时的被动意义。My computer is under repair.=My computer is being repaired.

Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “how to save endangered wildlife and help wildlife in their neighborhood.” Due to the continuous deterioration of the living environment, a large number of wild animals are always facing the threat of endangered or extinction. Listening and speaking period enables students to understand the fact and reason why wild species are disappearing from the earth at an amazing speed, and realize that human beings ought to enhance the awareness of protecting wild species as soon as possible.Listening and Talking introduces the theme of " how to help wildlife in Ss’ neighborhood.". Now there are many volunteers who spontaneously protect wild animals, carry out various activities according to local conditions, and contribute their own strength to local animal protection with practical actions. Middle school students are also enthusiastic participants. They organize activities in their spare time, and take this opportunity to make friends, broaden their horizons, cultivate team spirit and communication skills. This section describes a bird watching activity organized by several middle school students of Bird watching Club. It aims to stimulate students' interest, improve their understanding of bird watching activities, and use the language structure of “being used for; in order to, so as to, to, so that, in order that ” to express the purpose for communication and discussion.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of using visuals to predict content.2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to save endangered wildlife and help wildlife in their neighborhood.3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “I am concerned about…” “what do you know about the endangered animals in…" and so on to talk about one of the endangered animals.

From the pictures in the text and the title--- choose the best app, we can know that this part is about how to save money by using apps.Step 2 While-listening1. Laura and Xiao Bo are talking about apps. Listen to their conversation and find out what apps they want.Xiao Bo is looking for a(n) exercise app to help him get in shape.Laura would like an app for getting rich and another that will make her grades better.2. Listen again. Are the sentences true T or false F?1). Both of Xiao Bo's apps keep track of the steps he takes._____2). Xiao Bo's second app can help him make a fitness plan._____3). Laura needs an app that will help her get discounts.______4). Laura needs an app that will add money to her bank account._______F T F T3. Listen once more and tick the sentence you hear. Underline the words used to express predictions, guesses, and beliefs.Predictions, Guesses, and Beliefs________It might help me walk more.________My guess is that it wouldn't work.________I imagine this app would help me get fit faster________I suppose that would be good.________I guess you could save a little with this app.________I suppose there would be some problems, too.________I believe this app could help me get thinner.

Q5:What's Jan's next goal?Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money for children in poor countries.Q6:What can we learn from her experiences?We learn that when we go through tough times, we can find help and support from other people online. We learn that we can feel less lonelyStep 5: While reading---rethinkingQ1: What is Jan’s attitude to the Internet ?Thankful/Grateful, because it has changed her and her life.Q2: What writing skills is used in the article ?Examples(Jan’s example, the 59-year-old man’s and the 61-year-old woman’s example)Q3: Can you get the main idea of the article ?The Internet has changed Jan’s life/Jan’s life has been changed by the Internet.Step 6 Post reading---Retell the storyMuch has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web. There are countless articles (1)telling(tell) us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient. But the Internet has done a lot (2)more(much) for people than simply make life more convenient. People’s lives (3) have been changed(change) by online communities and social networks so far. Take Jan for example, who developed a serious illness that made her (4)stuck(stick) at home with only her computer to keep (5)her(she) company. She joined an online group (6)where she could share problems, support and advice with others. She considered the ability to remove the distance between people as one of the greatest (7)benefits(benefit). She was so inspired (8)that she started an IT club in which many people have been helped. She has started to learn more about how to use the Internet to make society better. Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money (9)for children in poor countries. Jan’s life has been (10)greatly(great) improved by the Internet.
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