(1)、创设情境,提出数学问题。出示主题图,中秋节到了,淘气和笑笑通过打电话的方式来表达对远方亲人的思念,从这幅图中你能得到哪些数学信息,能提出什么数学问题。学生很容易就找到数学信息“笑笑打国内长途,每分钟0.3元,共花5.1元;淘气打国际长途,每分钟7.2元,共花54元。”根据这些信息你能提出哪些数学问题呢?学生可能会说“笑笑打电话的时间是多少分?淘气打电话的时间是多少分?”还有的同学会提出“笑笑和淘气谁打电话的时间长?”等等,你能估一估淘气和笑笑谁打电话的时间长吗?(2)估算谁打电话时间长?通过估算,培养学生的估算意识,提高估算能力,丰富学生的素养,发展数感。在这里我分为三步:首先让学生说说是怎样估算的;其次指名学生说说估算的过程;最后评价和鼓励估算方法的合理性。
(3)改造主观世界同改造客观世界的关系。改造客观世界同改造主观世界,是相互联系、相互作用的。改造主观世界是为了更好地改造客观世界,人们在改造客观世界的同时也改造着自己的主观世界。通过自觉改造主观世界,又能提高改造客观世界的能力。师:人们对自己的思想道德境界的追求,是永远止境的。让我们共同努力,在践行社会主义思想道德的过程中,不断追求更高的目标,像无数先辈那样,加入到为共产主义远大理想而奋斗的行列中吧!课堂小结通过本节课学习使我们认识到面对现实生活中的思想道德冲突,加强知识文化修养和思想道德修养,不断追求更高的思想道德目标的必要性;把握了知识文化修养与思想道德修养的含义及其相互关系;明确了我们应该和怎样追求更高的思想道德目标;认识到这是一个永无止境的过程。我们要脚踏实地,从现在做起、从点滴小事做起,不断提高知识文化修养和思想道德修养,追求更高的思想道德目标。
Step 4 PracticeRead the conversation. Find out which words have been left out.Justin: Linlin, I’m going to Guizhou Province next month. I’m super excited! Any recommendations for places to visit?Linlin: Wow, cool! Guizhou is a province with a lot of cultural diversity. Places to visit...well, definitely the Huangguoshu Waterfall first.Justin: What’s special about the waterfall?Linlin: Well, have you ever heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West ?Justin: Yes, I have. Why ?Linlin: In the back of the waterfall, you will find a cave, which is the home of the Monkey King.Justin: Really? Cool! I’ll definitely check it out.Linlin:And I strongly recommend the ethnic minority villages. You’ll find Chinese culture is much more diverse than you thought.Justin:Sounds great, thanks.Answers:Justin: Linlin, I’m going to Guizhou Province next month. I’m super excited! Do you have any recommendations for places to visit?Linlin: Wow, that’s cool! Guizhou is a province with a lot of cultural diversity. What are some places to visit in Guizhou ? Well, definitely the Huangguoshu Waterfall is the first place to visit in Guizhou Province.Justin: What’s special about the waterfall?Linlin: Well, have you ever heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West ?Justin: Yes, I have heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West . Why do you ask if I have heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West?Linlin: In the back of the waterfall, you will find a cave, which is the home of the Monkey King from Journey to the West.Justin: That’s really true? It’s Cool! I’ll definitely check it out.Linlin:And I strongly recommend the ethnic minority villages on your trip to Guizhou Province. You’ll find Chinese culture is much more diverse than you thought it was.Justin:This all sounds great, thanks.
The topic of this part is “Describe a place with distinctive cultural identity”.This section focuses on Chinese culture by introducing Chinatown, whose purpose is to show the relationship between the Chinese culture and American culture. The Chinese culture in Chinatown is an important part of American culture. Chinatown is an important window of spreading Chinese culture and the spirit homeland of oversea Chinese, where foreigners can experience Chinese culture by themselves.Concretely, the title is “Welcome to Chinatown!”, from which we can know that the article aims at introducing Chinatown. The author used the “Introduction--Body Paragraph--Conclusion” to describe the people, language, architecture, business, famous food and drinks and people’s activities, which can be a centre for Chinese culture and shows its unique charm.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information.2. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.3. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.4. Learn to correct others’ writing.1. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.2. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.Step 1 Lead in ---Small talkIn the reading part, we mentioned the Chinatown of San Francisco. How much do you know about Chinatown of San Francisco ?Chinatown is a main living place for Chinese immigrants, where you can see many Chinese-style buildings, costumes, operas, restaurants, music and even hear Chinese.Step 2 Before reading ---Predict the contentWhat is the writer’s purpose of writing this text ? How do you know ?From the title(Welcome to Chinatown) and some key words from the text(tourist, visit, visitors, experience), we can know the purpose of the text is to introduce Chinatown and show the relationship between Chinese culture and American culture.
1. In Picture 1 and Picture 2, where do you think they are from? How do you know?From their wearings, we can know they are from ethnic minority of China--- Miao and Dong.Picture 1, they are playing their traditional instrument lusheng in their traditional costumes.Picture 2. the girls are Miao because they wear their traditional costumes and silver accessory.2. In Picture 3, can you find which village it is? What time is it in the picture?It is Dong village. It is at night. Step 2 While-listeningJustin met a new friend while traveling in Guizhou. Listen to their conversation and complete the summaries below.Part 1Justin and Wu Yue watched some Miao people play the lusheng. The instrument has a history of over 3,000 years and it is even mentioned in the oldest collection of Chinese poetry. Then they watched the lusheng dance. Justin wanted to buy some hand-made silver/traditional accessories as souvenirs. He was told that the price will depend on the percentage of silver. Part 2They will go to a pretty Dong minority village called Zhaoxing. they will see the drum towers and the wind and rain bridges. They may also see a performance of the Grand Song of the Dong people.Step 3 Post-listening---TalkingWork in groups. Imagine Justin is telling some friends about his trip to Guizhou. One of you is Justin and the rest of you are his friends. Ask Justin questions about his trip and experience. The following expressions may help you.
Discuss these questions in groups.Q1: Have you ever been to a place that has a diverse culture ? What do you think about the culture diversity ?One culturally diverse place that I have been to is Harbin, the capital city of Heilongjiang Province. I went there last year with my family to see the Ice and Snow Festival, and I was amazed at how the culture as different to most other Chinese cities. There is a big Russian influence there, with beautiful Russian architecture and lots of interesting restaurants. I learnt that Harbin is called “the Oriental Moscow” and that many Russians settled there to help build the railway over 100 years ago.Q2: What are the benefits and challenges of cultural diversity ?The benefits: People are able to experience a wide variety of cultures, making their lives more interesting, and it can deepen the feelings for our national culture, it is also helpful for us to learn about other outstanding culture, which helps improve the ability to respect others. The challenges: People may have trouble communicating or understanding each other, and it may lead to disappearance of some civilizations and even make some people think “The western moon is rounder than his own.”Step 7 Post reading---RetellComplete the passage according to the text.Today, I arrived back in San Francisco, and it feels good (1) _____(be) back in the city again. The city succeeded in (2)_________ (rebuild) itself after the earthquake that (3)________ (occur) in 1906, and I stayed in the Mission District, enjoying some delicious noodles mixed with cultures. In the afternoon, I headed to a local museum (4)____ showed the historical changes in California. During the gold rush, many Chinese arrived, and some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown to earn a (5)_____ (live). Many others worked on (6)______ (farm), joined the gold rush, or went to build the railway that connected California to the east. The museum showed us (7)____ America was built by immigrants from (8)________ (difference) countries and cultures. In the evening, I went to Chinatown, and ate in a Cantonese restaurant that served food on (9)________(beauty) china plates. Tomorrow evening, I’m going to (10)__ jazz bar in the Richmond District. 答案:1. to be 2. rebuilding 3. occurred 4. that 5.living6. farms 7.how 8. different 9. beautiful 10. a
4.有8种不同的菜种,任选4种种在不同土质的4块地里,有 种不同的种法. 解析:将4块不同土质的地看作4个不同的位置,从8种不同的菜种中任选4种种在4块不同土质的地里,则本题即为从8个不同元素中任选4个元素的排列问题,所以不同的种法共有A_8^4 =8×7×6×5=1 680(种).答案:1 6805.用1、2、3、4、5、6、7这7个数字组成没有重复数字的四位数.(1)这些四位数中偶数有多少个?能被5整除的有多少个?(2)这些四位数中大于6 500的有多少个?解:(1)偶数的个位数只能是2、4、6,有A_3^1种排法,其他位上有A_6^3种排法,由分步乘法计数原理,知共有四位偶数A_3^1·A_6^3=360(个);能被5整除的数个位必须是5,故有A_6^3=120(个).(2)最高位上是7时大于6 500,有A_6^3种,最高位上是6时,百位上只能是7或5,故有2×A_5^2种.由分类加法计数原理知,这些四位数中大于6 500的共有A_6^3+2×A_5^2=160(个).
探究新知问题1:已知100件产品中有8件次品,现从中采用有放回方式随机抽取4件.设抽取的4件产品中次品数为X,求随机变量X的分布列.(1):采用有放回抽样,随机变量X服从二项分布吗?采用有放回抽样,则每次抽到次品的概率为0.08,且各次抽样的结果相互独立,此时X服从二项分布,即X~B(4,0.08).(2):如果采用不放回抽样,抽取的4件产品中次品数X服从二项分布吗?若不服从,那么X的分布列是什么?不服从,根据古典概型求X的分布列.解:从100件产品中任取4件有 C_100^4 种不同的取法,从100件产品中任取4件,次品数X可能取0,1,2,3,4.恰有k件次品的取法有C_8^k C_92^(4-k)种.一般地,假设一批产品共有N件,其中有M件次品.从N件产品中随机抽取n件(不放回),用X表示抽取的n件产品中的次品数,则X的分布列为P(X=k)=CkM Cn-kN-M CnN ,k=m,m+1,m+2,…,r.其中n,N,M∈N*,M≤N,n≤N,m=max{0,n-N+M},r=min{n,M},则称随机变量X服从超几何分布.
2.某小组有20名射手,其中1,2,3,4级射手分别为2,6,9,3名.又若选1,2,3,4级射手参加比赛,则在比赛中射中目标的概率分别为0.85,0.64,0.45,0.32,今随机选一人参加比赛,则该小组比赛中射中目标的概率为________. 【解析】设B表示“该小组比赛中射中目标”,Ai(i=1,2,3,4)表示“选i级射手参加比赛”,则P(B)= P(Ai)P(B|Ai)= 2/20×0.85+ 6/20 ×0.64+ 9/20×0.45+ 3/20×0.32=0.527 5.答案:0.527 53.两批相同的产品各有12件和10件,每批产品中各有1件废品,现在先从第1批产品中任取1件放入第2批中,然后从第2批中任取1件,则取到废品的概率为________. 【解析】设A表示“取到废品”,B表示“从第1批中取到废品”,有P(B)= 112,P(A|B)= 2/11 ,P(A| )= 1/11所以P(A)=P(B)P(A|B)+P( )P(A| )4.有一批同一型号的产品,已知其中由一厂生产的占 30%, 二厂生产的占 50% , 三厂生产的占 20%, 又知这三个厂的产品次品率分别为2% , 1%, 1%,问从这批产品中任取一件是次品的概率是多少?
(2)方法一:第一次取到一件不合格品,还剩下99件产品,其中有4件不合格品,95件合格品,于是第二次又取到不合格品的概率为4/99,由于这是一个条件概率,所以P(B|A)=4/99.方法二:根据条件概率的定义,先求出事件A,B同时发生的概率P(AB)=(C_5^2)/(C_100^2 )=1/495,所以P(B|A)=(P"(" AB")" )/(P"(" A")" )=(1/495)/(5/100)=4/99.6.在某次考试中,要从20道题中随机地抽出6道题,若考生至少答对其中的4道题即可通过;若至少答对其中5道题就获得优秀.已知某考生能答对其中10道题,并且知道他在这次考试中已经通过,求他获得优秀成绩的概率.解:设事件A为“该考生6道题全答对”,事件B为“该考生答对了其中5道题而另一道答错”,事件C为“该考生答对了其中4道题而另2道题答错”,事件D为“该考生在这次考试中通过”,事件E为“该考生在这次考试中获得优秀”,则A,B,C两两互斥,且D=A∪B∪C,E=A∪B,由古典概型的概率公式及加法公式可知P(D)=P(A∪B∪C)=P(A)+P(B)+P(C)=(C_10^6)/(C_20^6 )+(C_10^5 C_10^1)/(C_20^6 )+(C_10^4 C_10^2)/(C_20^6 )=(12" " 180)/(C_20^6 ),P(E|D)=P(A∪B|D)=P(A|D)+P(B|D)=(P"(" A")" )/(P"(" D")" )+(P"(" B")" )/(P"(" D")" )=(210/(C_20^6 ))/((12" " 180)/(C_20^6 ))+((2" " 520)/(C_20^6 ))/((12" " 180)/(C_20^6 ))=13/58,即所求概率为13/58.
3.某县农民月均收入服从N(500,202)的正态分布,则此县农民月均收入在500元到520元间人数的百分比约为 . 解析:因为月收入服从正态分布N(500,202),所以μ=500,σ=20,μ-σ=480,μ+σ=520.所以月均收入在[480,520]范围内的概率为0.683.由图像的对称性可知,此县农民月均收入在500到520元间人数的百分比约为34.15%.答案:34.15%4.某种零件的尺寸ξ(单位:cm)服从正态分布N(3,12),则不属于区间[1,5]这个尺寸范围的零件数约占总数的 . 解析:零件尺寸属于区间[μ-2σ,μ+2σ],即零件尺寸在[1,5]内取值的概率约为95.4%,故零件尺寸不属于区间[1,5]内的概率为1-95.4%=4.6%.答案:4.6%5. 设在一次数学考试中,某班学生的分数X~N(110,202),且知试卷满分150分,这个班的学生共54人,求这个班在这次数学考试中及格(即90分及90分以上)的人数和130分以上的人数.解:μ=110,σ=20,P(X≥90)=P(X-110≥-20)=P(X-μ≥-σ),∵P(X-μσ)≈2P(X-μ130)=P(X-110>20)=P(X-μ>σ),∴P(X-μσ)≈0.683+2P(X-μ>σ)=1,∴P(X-μ>σ)=0.158 5,即P(X>130)=0.158 5.∴54×0.158 5≈9(人),即130分以上的人数约为9人.
解析:因为减法和除法运算中交换两个数的位置对计算结果有影响,所以属于组合的有2个.答案:B2.若A_n^2=3C_(n"-" 1)^2,则n的值为( )A.4 B.5 C.6 D.7 解析:因为A_n^2=3C_(n"-" 1)^2,所以n(n-1)=(3"(" n"-" 1")(" n"-" 2")" )/2,解得n=6.故选C.答案:C 3.若集合A={a1,a2,a3,a4,a5},则集合A的子集中含有4个元素的子集共有 个. 解析:满足要求的子集中含有4个元素,由集合中元素的无序性,知其子集个数为C_5^4=5.答案:54.平面内有12个点,其中有4个点共线,此外再无任何3点共线,以这些点为顶点,可得多少个不同的三角形?解:(方法一)我们把从共线的4个点中取点的多少作为分类的标准:第1类,共线的4个点中有2个点作为三角形的顶点,共有C_4^2·C_8^1=48(个)不同的三角形;第2类,共线的4个点中有1个点作为三角形的顶点,共有C_4^1·C_8^2=112(个)不同的三角形;第3类,共线的4个点中没有点作为三角形的顶点,共有C_8^3=56(个)不同的三角形.由分类加法计数原理,不同的三角形共有48+112+56=216(个).(方法二 间接法)C_12^3-C_4^3=220-4=216(个).
1、问题1的设计基于学生已有的一元一次方程的知识,学生独立思考问题,同学会考虑到题中涉及到等量关系,从中抽象出一元一次方程模型;同学可能想不到用方程的方法解决,可以由组长带领进行讨论探究.2、问题2的设计为了引出二元一次方程,但由于同学的知识有限,可能有个别同学会设两个未知数,列出二元一次方程;如果没有生列二元一次方程,教师可引导学生分析题目中有两个未知量,我们可设两个未知数列方程,再次从中抽象出方程模型.根据方程特点让生给方程起名,提高学生学习兴趣.3、定义的归纳,先请同学们观察所列的方程,找出它们的共同点,并用自己的语言描述,组内交流看法;如果学生概括的不完善,请其他同学补充. 交流完善给出定义,教师规范定义.
中班科学活动《吹泡泡》就是我用巧妙的方法引导幼儿生成和建构的新主题。在一次区域游戏中许多幼儿兴趣都集中在“吹泡泡”角,幼儿你一言我一句的说“为什么泡泡有的会飞、有的好破、有大有小……”等等,由于幼儿受到无意注意和表象性思维等特点的左右,对泡泡的探索缺乏深度。所以,在幼儿“玩”的过程中,我以玩伴的身份参与到幼儿的活动中,借助“你们发现吹的泡泡有什么秘密”这个开放性的问题,与幼儿有效地互动自然生成了这个主题。目的在于保持幼儿们的好奇心,激发他们的探究热情,使他们从小就善于观察和发现;从而感觉到“科学并不遥远,科学就在身边”。让幼儿们真正理解科学、热爱科学,达到真正有价值、有意义的学习目的。 活动目标: 1、运用各种感官感知泡泡的特性,了解不同形状的工具吹出的泡泡都是圆的。 2、让孩子正确使用吹泡泡的方式 3、在探究活动过程中体验发现的乐趣。活动准备: 1、教师收集的各种形状的吹泡泡工具:圆形,三角形、正方形、一次性杯子若干。 2、视频课件
2、体会二等分给我们生活带来的便捷、美化作用。活动材料;教具:小蚂蚁两个、蛋糕一块、二等份图卡10张学具:长方形纸、剪刀、尺、毛线、包装纸;吸管、圆片、三角形、正方形;硬币、蚕豆、雪花片、纽扣、小碗;量杯6个、天平、蛋糕、番茄、豆腐干、刀子、菜板、橡皮泥等。活动过程:1、幼儿将长方形纸进行二等份。(1)班上请来了两位小客人,看看是谁?它们还带来了最喜欢吃的蛋糕,可是只有一块蛋糕,两人都想吃,怎么办?(2)请一位幼儿动手试一试,有什么办法知道这两块一样大呢?(重叠)(3)教师小结:把蛋糕分成一样大的两份,这种方法叫二等份。想想蛋糕除了这样分,还有不一样的分法吗?每位小朋友面前都有一张像蛋糕一样的长方形纸,请你想出和别人不同的方法进行二等份?
【教学重点】1、描写春天的词语、句子、文章(包括诗词)的积累。2、口头表达训练:关于春天的景色描述(看图的、心中的)。【教学方法】1、展示法;2、表述法。【预习要求】1、收集有关春天的好词、好句、好段以及古今中外的诗词、文章。2、以“我心目中的春天”为题,写一篇文章或画一幅画。
1、教师要充分注意“教学导入”环节的重要性,精心设计。(1)可以通过教科书上的彩色画面启发学生的想象力,用语言描述春天的景色。(2)可用优美的旋律导入。(3)可用简短的诗句导入。(4)可用录像资料(风光片,春景图,配乐散文)导入。要求学生共同参与。2、播放歌曲《渴望春天》。请学生仔细聆听,听后用语言描述歌曲所表达的情绪。3、随录音轻声哼唱歌曲。其间,教师可以为学生范唱,也可以用钢琴伴唱,通过多种形式的练唱,使学生逐渐熟悉歌曲。4、请学生从曲谱中找出相同的旋律片段。并打着拍子反复地唱一唱,加深印象。5、请学生从曲谱中找出变化音。在演唱中注意唱准音高及旋律对感情表达的作用。6、再次播放歌曲《渴望春天》的录音。提示学生从以下几方面感受音乐:(1)音乐的速度是什么样的?快,稍快,很快,极快。结合词、曲特点,谈一谈为什么用这样的速度来表达。
教学说明: 在课堂设计中,学生通过聆听导入、名曲赏析、活动体验等多种环节,熟悉优美的民族音乐,从中领略民族音乐中的人文精神,文化特征,同时以节日音乐中的欢乐情绪感染学生,使学生具有热爱生活,热爱民族传统文化的良好品质。教学内容: 1、聆听歌曲《好日子》,通过喜庆的情景导入。 2、《春节序曲》作品赏析,了解并掌握音乐作品的情绪、结构特点等。 3、学生通过体验拓展,以不同的形式感受节日的喜庆气氛。教学目标: 1、认知目标:在对比、欣赏、聆听和实践体验中了解乐曲的基本结构,认识作曲家李焕之。 2、能力目标:通过交流、体验活动、表演、师生评价等方式来完成对音乐作品的理解,激活学生的欣赏热情。 3、情感、态度、价值感目标:在欣赏《春节序曲》中感受音乐作品欢乐、热烈的情绪,使学生产生学习音乐的兴趣,进而培养学生具有乐观向上、热爱生活、热爱民族传统文化的健康心态。
一、新课导入:师:同学们,伴随着欢快的音乐声,我们的音乐课开始了,刚才听到的音乐你们熟悉吗?在什么时候听到过呢?(春节联欢晚会上听过)二、新课教学:(一)聆听全曲师:是呀,春节是个辞旧迎新团圆的日子,过春节可真热闹呀!听着这么热闹的音乐,你眼前出现了怎么样的场景?(评价:这是非常热闹的场面、这是喜庆的场面、这是欢腾的场面)是啊,刚才我们听的这首乐曲正是表现了陕北人民欢度春节的生动场面,是我国作曲家李焕之创作的管弦乐曲,《春节序曲》。那谁来说一说乐曲的情绪和速度怎样?(欢快、热闹、热烈,稍快的)对,就是展现了春节里人们喜气洋洋、敲锣打鼓、载歌载舞的热闹场面。但是这首乐曲的速度是从头到尾都很快吗?(不是)让我们仔细的聆听乐曲,请你根据乐曲情绪、速度的变化来说一说,乐曲分为几个部分。
一、导入 播放朱自清的散文《春》,使学生感受音乐与文学的密切关系,审美内涵。二、活动与体验──歌唱《渴望春天》。 (一)新课引入 刚才同学们欣赏朱自清的散文《春》,今天我们就一起来学习一首歌曲──《渴望春天》。 (二)歌曲范唱 1、听第一遍录音,回问题: 听完这首歌曲,试着发现歌曲的特点:歌曲可以分为几个乐句?几个乐句中有哪些相同的旋律片断?总结:歌曲的结构图式。 2、听第二遍录音,重点从第一句入手,让学生能简单的读出节奏。了解弱起小节、不完全小节的概念。 (三)学唱新歌 1、学生先在教师的伴奏中轻唱。(多次反复练习) 处理第一段:声音的技巧(气息)、情绪的表现(强弱的控制)等,要求:尽量用纯净的声音唱出艺术歌曲的感觉。
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