初读课文 了解文体,熟悉作者 文章的题目是《爱莲说》“爱”表现了作者的感情,“莲”是这篇文章写作的主体,“说” 在这里指什么? 明确:“说”是一种文体,可以说明事物,也可以发表议论或记叙事物 “说”这种文体可以灵活地运用说明、记叙和议论的表达方式,偏重于议论那么题目的意思是什么呢?可以理解为“谈谈爱莲花的道理”或“说说喜爱莲花的道理” 他爱莲花有什么道理呢?大家在学习课文中一定要开动小脑筋 本文作者周敦颐 ,(10171073) ,宋代道洲(现在湖南省道县)人,字茂叔,哲学家因他世居道县濂溪,后居庐山莲花峰前,峰下有溪,也命名为濂溪,学者就称他为“濂溪先生”
贾平凹,1952年2月21日生于陕西省商洛市丹凤县棣花镇,当代作家。 1974年开始发表作品。1975年毕业于西北大学中文系。1978年凭借《满月儿》,获得首届全国优秀短篇小说奖。1982年发表作品《鬼城》《二月杏》。1992年创刊《美文》。1993年创作《废都》。20**年,先后担任西安建筑科技大学人文学院院长、文学院院长。20**年凭借《秦腔》,获得第七届茅盾文学奖。20**年凭借《古炉》 ,获得施耐庵文学奖。20**年3月22日,澳门大学向贾平凹颁授了荣誉博士学位。
精读课本,贯通全文 提问:整篇文章极富震撼力,文章中一个排比接一个排比,一个高潮连一个高潮,大家从中体味到了什么? 明确: A、这是一篇歌颂激荡的生命和磅礴的力量的文章。 B、全文洋溢着一种阳刚之美。 C、表现要冲破束缚、阻碍的强烈渴望。 朗读赏析探究 赏美图,配佳句——为了让大家对被誉为“天下第一鼓”的安塞腰鼓有更直观的认识,我们再来看几组特写照片。看后请各小组用课文中的文句与之相配并高声朗读。 明确:对排比句进行总结,说出对句子的理解。 怎样理解“耳畔是一声渺远的鸡声”? ①鸡啼预示天明,是新的一天的开始,是希望的象征。 ②这是以声衬静,用鸡啼反衬火烈的鼓声停止后大地的寂静。 说美点,品美韵——这篇文章美吗?美在哪里? 语言美: 课文多用短句来表现内容;大量运用排比,有句内、句与句、段与段之间的排比,交错出现,连用许多。
同学们,当你听到"流浪的人在外想念你,亲爱的妈妈,流浪的脚步走遍天涯,没有一个家,……"这脍炙人口的歌词时,是否记起了那首游子思乡的千古绝唱《天净沙秋思》?当你坐在餐桌前享用精美丰盛的晚餐时,是否记起了父母"谁知盘中餐,粒粒皆辛苦"的嘱咐?当你惊叹于戈壁滩的狂风吹沙时,是否忆起"大漠孤烟直,长河落日圆"的壮志豪情?古典诗词以其不可抗拒的魅力走进了我们的生活,为我们的生活增添了更多的美丽与奇妙。今天,让我们一起学习《蒹葭》这首诗歌,再一次用诗歌滋润我们渴求的心灵。
大家都知道,在中国文学史上有不少的文人用他们的笔墨描写过优美的山水,比如说我们以前学过: 唐 杜牧《江南春》: 千里莺啼绿映红,水村山郭酒旗风。南朝四百八十寺,多少楼台烟雨中。 杜甫《望岳》:岱宗夫如何? 齐鲁青未了。造化钟神秀,阴阳割昏晓。 荡胸生层云, 决眦入归鸟。 会当凌绝顶, 一览众山小。 郦道元在《三峡》中也有“春冬之时,则素湍绿潭,回清倒影。”这样引人入胜的景色。可以说优美的山水诗文不可枚举,那么今天让我们跟随柳宗元一起走进小石潭,看看又是怎样的一幅山水画呢?他又是怎样的心情写下这篇游记的呢?
家欣:帮忙准备铅笔、圆珠笔各2支、抽签纸若干、粉笔若干、绳一根、口哨1个、计录卡若干、小旗子二支、止血贴一盒、6个信封、消毒水一支及担任主持人工作。
老师们,同学们,大家上午好!今天我国旗下讲话的主题是:学“八礼四仪”,让文明传承。全国都在开展文明礼仪养成教育,强调要突出抓好未成年人的“八礼四仪”,具体包括仪表之礼、餐饮之礼、言谈之礼、待人之礼、行走之礼、观赏之礼、游览之礼、仪式之礼这八个方面的礼仪教育。四仪是指7岁入学仪式;10岁成长仪式;14岁青春仪式;18岁成人仪式。这套“八礼四仪”融入了“爱、善、诚、勤、俭、美”六种理念和价值取向,注重从生活细节入手,未成年人易懂易学易做。“八礼四仪”是传承文明的需要。古老的中华民族自古以来就享有“礼仪之邦”的美称。在五千年悠久的历史长河中,不但创造了灿烂的文化,而且形成了古老民族的传统美德,很多优良的、传统的礼仪规范,直至今天仍然有很强大的生命力,它是中华民族的宝贵的精神财富。
(六)说教学策略1.专题性海量的媒介信息必须加以选择或者整合,以项目为依据,进行信息筛选,形成专题性阅读与交流;培养学生对文本信息“化零为整”的能力,提升跨媒介阅读与交流学习的充实感。2.情境化情境教学应指向学生的应用,建构富有符合时代气息的内容,与生活经验更加贴合,对学生的语言建构与运用有所提升,在情境中能够有效地进行交流。3.任务化以任务为导向的序列化学习,可以为学生构建学习路线图、学习框架等具体任务引导;或以跨媒介的认识与应用为任务的设置引导;甚至以阅读和交流作为序列化安排的实践引导。4.整合性跨媒介阅读与交流是结合线上线下的资源,形成新的“超媒介”,也能实现对信息进行“深加工”,多种媒介的信息整合只为一个核心教学内容服务。5.互文性语言文字是语文之生命,我们是立足于语言文字的探讨,音乐、图像、视频等文本与传统语言文字文本形成互文,触发学生对学习内容立体化和具体化的感悟,提升学生的审美能力。
4.That was an experience that frightened everyone. →That was _____________________. 答案:1. taking 2. being discussed 3. in the reading room 4. a frightening experienceStep 6 The meaning and function of V-ing as the predicative动词-ing形式作表语,它通常位于系动词后面,用以说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”一种表示主语的特质、特征和状态, 其作用相当于形容词; 另一种具体说明主语的内容, 即主语等同于表语, 两者可互换。The music they are playing sounds so exciting. 他们演奏的音乐听起来令人激动。The result is disappointing. 结果令人失望。Our job is playing all kinds of music. 我们的工作就是演奏各种音乐。Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。Step 7 Practice1. It is ________(amaze) that the boy is able to solve the problem so quickly.2. Buying a car is simply _______(waste) money. 3. Please stop making the noise—it’s getting ________(annoy). 4. complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form.La Tomatina is a festival that takes place in the Spanish town Bunol every August. I think many food festivals are __________ because people are just eating. however, this festival is _________ because people don't actually eat the tomatoes. Instead, they throw them at each other! the number of people ________ part in this tomato fight, can reach up to 20,000, and it is a very __________ fight that lasts for a whole hour. The _______ thing is how clean Bunol is after the tomatoes are washed away after the fight. this is because the juice form tomatoes is really good for making surfaces clean!答案:1. amazing 2. wasting 3. annoying4. boring interesting taking exciting amazing
The topic of this part is “Discover the reasons for festivals and celebrations.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at talking about the experiences and feelings or emotions about the festivals and celebrations. This section aims at detecting the reason why the people celebrate the festivals, the time, the places, the types and the way of celebrations. It also explains why some traditions in the old celebrations are disappearing, like the firecrackers in the big cities and some new things are appearing like the prosperity of business or commerce. 1. Students can talk about what festivals they know and the reasons and the way of celebrating them.2. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.3. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them. 4. Students can have the international awareness about the festivals.1. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.2. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat festival do you like best ? Why ?I like the Spring Festivals because I can set off the fireworks, receive the lucky money and enjoy the Gala with my families.Step 2 Before reading---Pair workWhy do people celebrate different festivals ?The Spring Festivals is to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring and new life.The Mid-autumn Day is to celebrate the harvest and admire the moon.
The theme of this section is “Talk about festival activities and festival experiences”.Festival and holiday is a relaxing and interesting topic for students. This part talks about the topic from the daily life of students’. In the part A ---Listening and Speaking, there are three conversations among different speakers from three countries(Japan, Rio and China), where the speakers are participating in or going to participate in the festivals and celebrations. So listening for the relationship among them is a fundamental task. Actually, with the globalization and more international communication, it is normal for Chinese or foreigners to witness different festivals and celebrations in or out of China. In the Conversation 1, a foreign reporter is interviewing a Japanese young girl who just had participated in the ceremony of the Coming-of-Age Day on the street and asking her feeling about the ceremony and the afterwards activities. Conversation 2, Chinese girl Li Mei is witnessing the Rio Carnival for the first time, and her friend Carla gives her some advice on the costumes which enables her to match with the carnival to have a good time. Conversation 3, a Chinese guide is showing a group of foreign visitors around the Lantern Festival and introducing the customs of the festival to them. The three conversations have a strong vitality and insert the festival and cultural elements from different countries. So perceiving the festivals and cultures from different countries is the second task. At the same time, the scripts also insert the targeted grammar --- v-ing as attributive and predicative, which students can perceive and experience in a real context and make a road for the further study. That is the third task. In the Part B--- Listening and Talking, the theme is “Talk about festival experience”, which is the common topic in our daily conversations. During the conversation, Song Lin, a Chinese student, asked Canadian friend Max about how to spend Christmas. In the conversation, Song Lin talked about experience and the feelings during the Chinese Spring Festival, during which there are not only some enjoyable things but some unpleasant things. After the listening, perhaps students find there are some similarities between Christmas and the Chinese Spring Festival as there are some differences in the origins and celebrations. For example, people always visit friends and relatives, decorate their houses, have a big dinner together, chat and give presents to each other.
Step 3 Analyzing article structureActivity 31. Teachers raise questions to guide students to analyze the chapter structure of this diary and think about how to describe the festival experience. (1)What should be included in the opening/body/closing paragraph(s)?(2)How did the writer arrange his/her ideas?(3)What kind of interesting details did the writer describe?(4)How did the writer describe his/her feelings/emotions during the event?2. Students read and compare the three sentence patterns in activity 2. Try to rewrite the first paragraph of the diary with these three sentence patterns. After that, students exchange corrections with their partners. Such as:●This was my first time spending three days experiencing the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and it was an enjoyable and exciting experience. ●I'll never forget my experience at the Naadam Festival because it was my first time to watch the exciting Mongolian games of horse racing, wrestling, and archery so closely. ●I'll always remember my first experience at the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region because it was so amazing to spend three days witnessing a grand Mongolian ceremony. Step 4 Accumulation of statementsActivity 41. Ask the students to read the diary again. Look for sentences that express feelings and emotions, especially those with the -ing form and the past participle. Such as:● …horse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch. ● some amazing performances● I was surprised to see…● I was a little worried about. . . ● feeling really tiredOther emotional statements:●I absolutely enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favourite part. ●I'm finally back home now, feeling really tired, but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it. ●He invited me back for the winter to stay in a traditional Mongolian tent and cat hot pot. I can’t wait!2. In addition to the use of the -ing form and the past participle, the teacher should guide the students in the appreciation of these statements, ask them to memorize them, and encourage them to use them reasonably in writing practice.
The topic of this part is “Write about your festival experience”.During the Listening and Speaking and Talking, students are just asked to say out their festival experiences such as the Spring Festival, Mid-autumn Day, but this part students will be asked to write down their own festival experiences. During the reading part, it introduces the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which can give students a good example to imitate. Students not only learn the festival, but touch and feel the Inner Mongolian’s character, the spirit and cultural atmosphere, which can help students form the cultural awareness and learn to enjoy and value the diversity of Chinese culture.Concretely, the dairy tells the experience that the author spent the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with his/her friend. The structure is clear. In the opening paragraph, it introduces the topic of the Naadam Festival and the whole feeling. Then it introduces the items of the festival like the ceremony, wrestling and horse racing. Finally, it summarizes this experience. Because this part is a travel journal, we must guide students pay more attention to these details: 1. use the first person. 2. use the past tense to tell the past thing and use the present or future tense to describe the scenery. 3. use the timeline to tell the development. 4. be careful for the author’s psychology, emotion and feeling, etc.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information about Naadam Festival.2. Learn the structure of the reading article and language.3. Write an article about a festival experience4. Learn to use the psychology, emotions and feeling in the writing.1. Write an article about a festival experience.2. Use the structure of the reading article and language.
The grammatical structure of this unit is predicative clause. Like object clause and subject clause, predicative clause is one of Nominal Clauses. The leading words of predicative clauses are that, what, how, what, where, as if, because, etc.The design of teaching activities aims to guide students to perceive the structural features of predicative clauses and think about their ideographic functions. Beyond that, students should be guided to use this grammar in the context apporpriately and flexibly.1. Enable the Ss to master the usage of the predicative clauses in this unit.2. Enable the Ss to use the predicative patterns flexibly.3. Train the Ss to apply some skills by doing the relevant exercises.1.Guide students to perceive the structural features of predicative clauses and think about their ideographic functions.2.Strengthen students' ability of using predicative clauses in context, but also cultivate their ability of text analysis and logical reasoning competence.Step1: Underline all the examples in the reading passage, where noun clauses are used as the predicative. Then state their meaning and functions.1) One theory was that bad air caused the disease.2) Another theory was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.3) The truth was that the water from the Broad Street had been infected by waste.Sum up the rules of grammar:1. 以上黑体部分在句中作表语。2. 句1、2、3中的that在从句中不作成分,只起连接作用。 Step2: Review the basic components of predicative clauses1.Definition
Step 7: complete the discourse according to the grammar rules.Cholera used to be one of the most 1.__________ (fear) diseases in the world. In the early 19th century, _2_________ an outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died. But neither its cause, 3__________ its cure was understood. A British doctor, John Snow, wanted to solve the problem and he knew that cholera would not be controlled _4_________ its cause was found. In general, there were two contradictory theories 5 __________ explained how cholera spread. The first suggested that bad air caused the disease. The second was that cholera was caused by an _6_________(infect) from germs in food or water. John Snow thought that the second theory was correct but he needed proof. So when another outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, he began to investigate. Later, with all the evidence he _7_________ (gather), John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Therefore, he had the handle of the pump _8_________ (remove) so that it couldn't be used. Through his intervention,the disease was stopped in its tracks. What is more, John Snow found that some companies sold water from the River Thames that __9__________________ (pollute) by raw waste. The people who drank this water were much more likely _10_________ (get) cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water. Through John Snow's efforts, the _11_________ (threaten) of cholera around the world saw a substantial increase. Keys: 1.feared 2.when 3. nor 4.unless 5.that/which 6.infection 7.had gathered 8.removed 9.was polluted 10.to get 11. threat
Step 5: After learning the text, discuss with your peers about the following questions:1.John Snow believed Idea 2 was right. How did he finally prove it?2. Do you think John Snow would have solved this problem without the map?3. Cholera is a 19th century disease. What disease do you think is similar to cholera today?SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.keys:1. John Snow finally proved his idea because he found an outbreak that was clearly related to cholera, collected information and was able to tie cases outside the area to the polluted water.2. No. The map helped John Snow organize his ideas. He was able to identify those households that had had many deaths and check their water-drinking habits. He identified those houses that had had no deaths and surveyed their drinking habits. The evidence clearly pointed to the polluted water being the cause.3. SARS and Covid-19 because they are both deadly and fatally infectious, have an unknown cause and need serious public health care to solve them urgently.Step 6: Consolidate what you have learned by filling in the blanks:John Snow was a well-known _1___ in London in the _2__ century. He wanted to find the _3_____ of cholera in order to help people ___4_____ it. In 1854 when a cholera __5__ London, he began to gather information. He ___6__ on a map ___7___ all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had ___8____ (drink) the dirty water from the __9____ died. So he decided that the polluted water ___10____ cholera. He suggested that the ___11__ of all water supplies should be _12______ and new methods of dealing with ____13___ water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was __14_____.Keys: 1. doctor 2. 19th 3.cause 4.infected with 5.hit 6.marked 7.where 8.drunk 9.pump 10.carried 11.source 12.examined 13.polluted 14.defeatedHomework: Retell the text after class and preview its language points
This happens because the dish soap molecules have a strong negative charge, and the milk molecules have a strong positive charge. Like magnets, these molecules are attracted to each other, and so they appear to move around on the plate, taking the food coloring with them, making it look like the colors are quickly moving to escape from the soap.Listening text:? Judy: Oh, I'm so sorry that you were ill and couldn't come with us on our field trip. How are you feeling now? Better?? Bill: Much better, thanks. But how was it?? Judy: Wonderful! I especially liked an area of the museum called Light Games.it was really cool. They had a hall of mirrors where I could see myself reflected thousands of times!? Bill: A hall of mirrors can be a lot of fun. What else did they have?? Judy: Well, they had an experiment where we looked at a blue screen for a while, and then suddenly we could see tiny bright lights moving around on it. You'll never guess what those bright lights were!? Bill: Come on, tell me!? Judy: They were our own blood cells. For some reason, our eyes play tricks on us when we look at a blue screen, and we can see our own blood cells moving around like little lights! But there was another thing I liked better. I stood in front of a white light, and it cast different shadows of me in every color of the rainbow!? Bill: Oh, I wish I had been there. Tell me more!? Judy: Well, they had another area for sound. They had a giant piano keyboard that you could use your feet to play. But then, instead of playing the sounds of a piano, it played the voices of classical singers! Then they had a giant dish, and when you spoke into it, it reflected the sound back and made it louder. You could use it to speak in a whisper to someone 17 meters away.? Bill: It all sounds so cool. I wish I could have gone with you? Judy: I know, but we can go together this weekend. I'd love to go there again!? Bill: That sounds like a great idea!
过程 活动(一)欣赏科幻故事 1、由教师讲科幻故事。如“机器人奇奇”、“我的梦”、“到月球上去”、“海底旅游”等。 2、组织幼儿观看科幻录像片。如“机器猫”、“可赛号”、“变形金刚”等。 3、让幼儿自由阅读关于科学知识或幻想故事的图书。 活动(二)创编科幻故事 1、续编故事:让幼儿根据自己知道的科幻故事中的人物、背景、情节继续编故事。
活动目标: 1.运用化学小魔术,充分激发幼儿的探究兴趣和积极尝试的欲望。 2.通过游戏活动,使幼儿了解酚酞溶液遇到另一种药水(稀碱溶液)会变成红色的现象,真切地感受到大自然的奇妙。 活动准备: 1.稀碱溶液、酚酞溶液、清水。 2.毛笔、杯子、双面胶; 3.水彩纸数张,教师示范画一张(事先均用彩笔画好树林、房屋等,用毛笔蘸取稀碱溶液画狐狸、老虎、大灰狼隐藏在树林中,晾干),白纸数张(事先用稀碱溶液画上小动物,晾干)。 活动过程: 一、教师做化学小魔术,激发幼儿兴趣。 1.教师出示一张已用稀碱画了小动物的白纸,问:“纸上有什么?”“有小动物隐身在白纸里,可以用什么办法把它请出来?”(幼儿自由畅想)。 2.教师演示: 提问:“老师用什么方法把毛毛虫请了出来?” 3.引导幼儿对水和酚酞进行比较(用试一试、看一看、闻一闻的方法) 教师小结:刚才老师请毛毛虫用的不是水,而是一杯神奇的药水,它的名字叫酚酞。
2.引导幼儿感受冬天气温的变化,探索水的形态变化与气温的关系。 3.引导幼儿学习动手制作冰花、欣赏冰花,培养幼儿的审美能力。活动准备: 1.矿泉水瓶、清水、细绳、花瓣、树叶、小石头等。 2.温度计若干。活动过程: 1.在天气不是很冷的时候布置幼儿回家制作冰花后,请带来冰花的幼儿讲讲怎样做的冰花,请没带冰花的幼儿讲讲为什么没带。让幼儿知道天气不太冷的时候室外是冻不出冰花的。 “你的冰花在哪里做成的?”(冰箱里) “你为什么不放在院子里或房间里冻冰花”? “为什么院子里、房间里冻不成冰花”?
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