3、课堂小结,强化认识。(2—3分钟)通过总结本课的知识,简单的用三个概念三个关系,简明扼要的总结出本节课的知识,突出本框题的重难点。其中重点给学生梳理一下哲学的含义,使学生在学习的最后对于哲学有一个全面而准确的理解,强化学生对于哲学的认识。4、课堂练习针对高中学生初步接触哲学,运用哲学思维来分析哲学问题的能力还需要今后的培养,我进行了分层的方式来设计习题,这样设计一方面符合学生认知的能力,由简单到困难,一步步的深入,另一方面,在练习的过程中,也可以使学生巩固基础知识,使学有余力的学生继续提高,充分考虑到学生的实际情况。5、板书设计为了强化教学效果,我会在授课的过程中适时的书写板书,我的板书设计总的来说是以简洁明了的形式展示,便于学生一目了然的把握本节课的重难点,也可以建立知识间的联系,便于学生形成完整的知识体系。
5.课堂练习,夯实基础。得出原理方法论之后,给学生一分钟时间记忆,然后一名或几名学生上讲台默写,其他同学相互提问。针对这一基本概念,设置一道选择题。6、播放黄宏、宋丹丹小品《回家》片段,引发学生的兴趣,接着教师展示几幅关于手机的图片,然后让学生结合图片,进行讨论交流解决“合作探究二”,然后进行抢答(可以引发学生的竞争,从而调动课堂气氛)。教师在学生回答基础上,引导学生得出发展的实质这一结论,接着教师展示“如何判断一个事物是新事物还是旧事物的标准”,结合这一标准,让学生判断“电脑科技算命是不是新事物”,学生很容易就可以得出结论。7.教师简单总结刚刚学过的内容,引出“运动、变化是不是发展?”然后让学生讨论交流“合作探究三”。然后进行抢答,教师在学生回答基础上,稍加点评,给予积极地评价,然后展示答案。8.教师引导学生得出本节课的第二个原理与方法论,并让学生当堂记忆,可以简单提问。然后做课堂达标题,在学生展示答案后,教师简单点拨即可。
四、说学法哲学知识是比较抽象的,大多数学生都觉得哲学的内容很难把握,因此,针对学生的实际情况,在教学中必须发挥学生学习的主动性。通过观察、教师的引导及讨论来加深理解;通过练习来巩固所学知识。1.观察法:引导学生观察生活中的现象,加深理解发展的普遍性和发展的实质。2.探究法:让学生在讨论中体会发展的永恒性,知道用发展的观点看问题。3.练习法:“温故而知新”,学以致用,及时给一些习题让学生练习,让他们更能把握教材内容。五、说教学过程:[导入新课]引用一个历史故事来导入新课。(利用多媒体课件展示)[讲授新课]第一目:发展的普遍性①、自然界是发展的。(展示人的进化过程的图片和青蛙成长过程的图片,结合教材的例子来说明自然界是发展的)
“蛟龙号”深潜器的总设计师——中船重工第七〇二研究所的徐芑南,他先后三次被评为江苏省和无锡市劳模,曾被评为上海市科技功臣,有十几个国家、部、省、市级科技进步奖项与他的名字相联。在徐芑南眼中,这些都只是“副产品”,为国家设计出最需要的潜水器,让中国具备从“浅蓝”走向“深蓝”的能力,这才是他最大的愿望。每当说到大洋的海底世界,徐芑南的语速快了起来:“海底有好多资源,等着我们去发现、去利用,我们不能落在别人的后面!”海底有石油,海底有许多未知的生物,还有锰结核、钴结壳、热液硫化物……“蛟龙号”的立项目的就是为了探明神秘的深海世界,造福人类。探究活动二:结合材料和教材,阐述创新与人类思维方式变革的关系。(设计意图)通过学生们感兴趣的材料,对本课的教学难点加以突破。
“最佳实践者”活动凸显了“尊重劳动”的理念。运用历史唯物主义有关原理。说明为什么药“尊重劳动”。(10分)参考答案:①生产方式是社会存在和发展的基础,生产力是社会发展的最终决定力量,尊重劳动是尊重社会发展规律的必然要求;(3分)③人民群众是历史的创造者,尊重劳动是尊重人民群众社会实践主体地位的要求;(2分)④尊重劳动是以人民群众利益为最高价值标准的必然要求;(2分)⑤劳动者的价值通过劳动实现,尊重劳动是尊重实践、提高劳动者积极性和创造性的必然要求。(3分)七、教学反思本节课教学目标明确,教学重点、难点设置恰当,教学过程详略得当,教学过程流畅。教师充分利用时政热点和生活故事,创设情景,使学生融入教学活动过程之中,充分发挥了学生的主体作用,在体验中提高了认识能力和知识水平,促进了学生的理解能力、思维能力和解决问题的能力,促进了学生的发展。
学生回答:推动社会发展的矛盾是:生产力和生产关系的矛盾,经济基础和上层建筑的矛盾。问题:你知道人类社会存在和发展的基础吗?学生回答,步步深入。社会发展的规律是生产关系一定要适合生产力发展的规律,上层建筑一定要适合经济基础状况的规律。你是如何理解这两个规律的?请举例说明。那么你是如何理解这一规律的,请举例说明学生阅读教材第二目,并举例说明。培养学生自我学习能力。教师归纳:总结生产力和生产关系、经济基础和上层建筑的辩证关系原理。过渡:我们掌握了社会发展的规律,那么同学们来说一下,社会发展呈什么趋势?这一趋势怎么实现的?社会矛盾的解决方式有几种,为什么会有这么的区别,我们国家的矛盾解决靠什么方式来完成?学生阅读教材第三目,学生分组合作探究,交流发言。设计意图:提升推导能力,引导深化认识。教师归纳总结:社会历史发展的总趋势是前进的、上升的,发展的过程是曲折的。
设疑自探:一个压缩或拉伸的弹簧就是一个“储能器”,怎样衡量形变弹簧蕴含能量的多少呢?弹簧的弹性势能的表达式可能与那几个物理量有关?类比:物体的重力势能与物体所受的重力和高度有关。那么弹簧的弹性势能可能与所受弹力的大小和在弹力方向上的位置变化有关,而由F=kl知弹簧所受弹力等于弹簧的劲度系数与形变量的乘积。预测:弹簧的弹性势能与弹簧的劲度系数和形变量有关。学生讨论如何设计实验: ①、用同一根弹簧在几次被压缩量不同时释放(劲度系数相同,改变形变量),观察小车被弹开的情况。②、分别用两根弹簧在被压缩量相同时释放(形变量相同,劲度系数不同),观察小车被弹开的情况。交流探究结果:弹性势能随弹簧形变量增大而增大。随弹簧的劲度系数的增大而增大。
由此引导学生的深思,学生通过合作探究,帮助学生认识到不注重思想道德修养,即使掌握了丰富的科学知识,也难以避免人格上的缺失,甚至危害社会。进而总结出关系二:加强思想道德修养,能够促进科学文化修养。科学文化修养的意义播放感动中国人物徐本禹先进事迹短片。学生观看完视频后,思考:从徐本禹的事迹中,我们可以了解到我们加强科学文化修养的根本意义是什么?引导学生结合自身体会,发表各自见解,在此基础上帮助学生总结出,要使自己的思想道德境界不断升华,为人民服务的本领不断提高,成为一个真正有知识文化涵养的人,成为一个脱离低级趣味的人、有益于人民的人。知识点三:追求更高的思想道德目标根据教材110探究活动(思想道德的差异、反应人们世界观、人生观、价值观的差异)思考:用公民的基本道德规范来衡量这些观点,你赞成哪些观点?反对哪些观点?小组进行合作探究,引导学生根据公民基本道德规范对这些价值观进行评析。
1.做学问之前首先学会做人2.知识文化修养和思想道德修养的关系三.追求更高的思想道德目标㈤ 说教学评价和反思:1.这节课主要是以学生为主体,老师为主导,让学生充分发表自己的看法,把理论的知识结合在实际的日常生活中,鼓励学生充分发表自己的意见,能调动学生学习的积极性,达到教学目的。这节课学生讨论,发言的机会很多,但由于我校的学生的基础薄弱,在发言时难免偏离老师引导的方向,甚至出现毫不相干的说法,由于本人经验不够此时如何去引导他们可能做的还不够好。2.新课程的教学,如何突破书本知识的局限,延伸更深层次的内容是一个难题。本节课在知识的处理上,把道德的重要性与道德的层次两个知识点补充了进去,目的是让学生在学习之前有一个情感的铺垫,从而更好地达到教学目标。
(3)改造主观世界同改造客观世界的关系。改造客观世界同改造主观世界,是相互联系、相互作用的。改造主观世界是为了更好地改造客观世界,人们在改造客观世界的同时也改造着自己的主观世界。通过自觉改造主观世界,又能提高改造客观世界的能力。师:人们对自己的思想道德境界的追求,是永远止境的。让我们共同努力,在践行社会主义思想道德的过程中,不断追求更高的目标,像无数先辈那样,加入到为共产主义远大理想而奋斗的行列中吧!课堂小结通过本节课学习使我们认识到面对现实生活中的思想道德冲突,加强知识文化修养和思想道德修养,不断追求更高的思想道德目标的必要性;把握了知识文化修养与思想道德修养的含义及其相互关系;明确了我们应该和怎样追求更高的思想道德目标;认识到这是一个永无止境的过程。我们要脚踏实地,从现在做起、从点滴小事做起,不断提高知识文化修养和思想道德修养,追求更高的思想道德目标。
师:在科学发展过程中,前一个理论体系的不完善之处,往往是新的研究和新的发现的突破口。开普勒之后,意大利天文学家伽利略创制了天文望远镜,用更加精确的观察继续发展和验证哥白尼创立的新天文学理论。除了用望远镜进行天文观察以外,伽利略还开始进行自然科学的实验研究,哪位同学能给大家讲一讲伽利略在比萨斜塔上所作的关于物体自由下落的实验?生:(讲述这一实验)师:所以,伽利略在科学方面更加重要的贡献是奠定了近代实验科学的基础。(2)实验科学和唯物主义师:伽利略从实践上开辟了实验科学的方法,而英国唯物主义哲学家培根则从理论上阐述了实验科学的方法——归纳法。培根和伽利略同被称为实验科学之父,培根还有一句影响深刻的名言:“知识就是力量”,表明了他注重知识,尊崇科学的精神。我们再来概括一下意大利哲学家布鲁诺的唯物主义思想,是否有同学可以简述布鲁诺的生平事迹?
【参考范文】Narrator:(Henry is smiling as he leaves the restaurant. As he is walking down the street, he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to get it cut. )H=Henry;B=Barber;R=rude manH:Good afternoon, I'd like to get a cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry's hair and continues cutting another man's hair. )Er, I'd really like a haircut. As you can see it's much too long. B:(in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H:Fine, well I'll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber's chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B:It's quite expensive here, you know!Are you sure you can afford it?H:Yes. I think so. (In comes the rude man. )R:Hey you there. I need a haircut quickly. Can you do me straightaway?B:All right, then, get in the chair and I'll see what I can do. R:Thank you. (sits down in one of the barber's chairs)H:Excuse me, but I was here first. Aren't you going to do my hair first?B:This man's in a hurry. H:Well so am I!I insist that you cut my hair first. B:OK, but I'll have to be quick. This gentleman is waiting. H:Thank you. (They both become quiet. After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B:Why, Mr . . . (looks shocked)H:Adams. Henry Adams. I'm sorry, I don't have any change. R:You're that Mr Adams! Well,I'm glad I waited or I might never have known it was you. B:Why, Mr Adams, please don't worry!(wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about!Nothing at all!Please come back any time, even if you only need too little hairs cut!It will be my honour to serve you!
The theme of this section is “Talk about festival activities and festival experiences”.Festival and holiday is a relaxing and interesting topic for students. This part talks about the topic from the daily life of students’. In the part A ---Listening and Speaking, there are three conversations among different speakers from three countries(Japan, Rio and China), where the speakers are participating in or going to participate in the festivals and celebrations. So listening for the relationship among them is a fundamental task. Actually, with the globalization and more international communication, it is normal for Chinese or foreigners to witness different festivals and celebrations in or out of China. In the Conversation 1, a foreign reporter is interviewing a Japanese young girl who just had participated in the ceremony of the Coming-of-Age Day on the street and asking her feeling about the ceremony and the afterwards activities. Conversation 2, Chinese girl Li Mei is witnessing the Rio Carnival for the first time, and her friend Carla gives her some advice on the costumes which enables her to match with the carnival to have a good time. Conversation 3, a Chinese guide is showing a group of foreign visitors around the Lantern Festival and introducing the customs of the festival to them. The three conversations have a strong vitality and insert the festival and cultural elements from different countries. So perceiving the festivals and cultures from different countries is the second task. At the same time, the scripts also insert the targeted grammar --- v-ing as attributive and predicative, which students can perceive and experience in a real context and make a road for the further study. That is the third task. In the Part B--- Listening and Talking, the theme is “Talk about festival experience”, which is the common topic in our daily conversations. During the conversation, Song Lin, a Chinese student, asked Canadian friend Max about how to spend Christmas. In the conversation, Song Lin talked about experience and the feelings during the Chinese Spring Festival, during which there are not only some enjoyable things but some unpleasant things. After the listening, perhaps students find there are some similarities between Christmas and the Chinese Spring Festival as there are some differences in the origins and celebrations. For example, people always visit friends and relatives, decorate their houses, have a big dinner together, chat and give presents to each other.
Example:One day, a poor boy who was trying to pay his way through school by sending newspapers door to door found that he only had one dime(一角)left. He was so hungry that he decided to beg for a meal at the next house.However, he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door. Instead of a meal he asked for a drink of water. She thought he looked hungry so she brought him a large glass of milk. He drank it slowly, and then asked, “How much do I owe you?” “You don’t owe me anything,” she replied, “Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness.” “Then I thank you from the bottom of my heart.” With these words, Howard Kelly left that house.Years later the woman became badly ill and was finally sent to the hospital in a big city. Dr. Howard Kelly, now famous, was called in. When he heard the name of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. Dressed in his doctor’s clothes, Dr. Kelly went into her room and recognized her at once. From that day on, he gave special attention to her, and decided to do his best to save her life.At last the woman was saved. Dr. Kelly asked the business office to pass the final bill to him. He looked at it and then wrote something on the side. The bill was sent to the woman’s room. She was afraid to open it because she was sure that it would take the rest of her life to pay for it off. Finally she looked, and the note on the side of the bill caught her attention. She read these words: “Paid in full with a glass of milk, Dr. Howard Kelly.” Tear of joy flooded her eyes.
Step 4 PracticeRead the conversation. Find out which words have been left out.Justin: Linlin, I’m going to Guizhou Province next month. I’m super excited! Any recommendations for places to visit?Linlin: Wow, cool! Guizhou is a province with a lot of cultural diversity. Places to visit...well, definitely the Huangguoshu Waterfall first.Justin: What’s special about the waterfall?Linlin: Well, have you ever heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West ?Justin: Yes, I have. Why ?Linlin: In the back of the waterfall, you will find a cave, which is the home of the Monkey King.Justin: Really? Cool! I’ll definitely check it out.Linlin:And I strongly recommend the ethnic minority villages. You’ll find Chinese culture is much more diverse than you thought.Justin:Sounds great, thanks.Answers:Justin: Linlin, I’m going to Guizhou Province next month. I’m super excited! Do you have any recommendations for places to visit?Linlin: Wow, that’s cool! Guizhou is a province with a lot of cultural diversity. What are some places to visit in Guizhou ? Well, definitely the Huangguoshu Waterfall is the first place to visit in Guizhou Province.Justin: What’s special about the waterfall?Linlin: Well, have you ever heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West ?Justin: Yes, I have heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West . Why do you ask if I have heard of the Chinese novel Journey to the West?Linlin: In the back of the waterfall, you will find a cave, which is the home of the Monkey King from Journey to the West.Justin: That’s really true? It’s Cool! I’ll definitely check it out.Linlin:And I strongly recommend the ethnic minority villages on your trip to Guizhou Province. You’ll find Chinese culture is much more diverse than you thought it was.Justin:This all sounds great, thanks.
The topic of this part is “Describe a place with distinctive cultural identity”.This section focuses on Chinese culture by introducing Chinatown, whose purpose is to show the relationship between the Chinese culture and American culture. The Chinese culture in Chinatown is an important part of American culture. Chinatown is an important window of spreading Chinese culture and the spirit homeland of oversea Chinese, where foreigners can experience Chinese culture by themselves.Concretely, the title is “Welcome to Chinatown!”, from which we can know that the article aims at introducing Chinatown. The author used the “Introduction--Body Paragraph--Conclusion” to describe the people, language, architecture, business, famous food and drinks and people’s activities, which can be a centre for Chinese culture and shows its unique charm.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information.2. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.3. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.4. Learn to correct others’ writing.1. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.2. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.Step 1 Lead in ---Small talkIn the reading part, we mentioned the Chinatown of San Francisco. How much do you know about Chinatown of San Francisco ?Chinatown is a main living place for Chinese immigrants, where you can see many Chinese-style buildings, costumes, operas, restaurants, music and even hear Chinese.Step 2 Before reading ---Predict the contentWhat is the writer’s purpose of writing this text ? How do you know ?From the title(Welcome to Chinatown) and some key words from the text(tourist, visit, visitors, experience), we can know the purpose of the text is to introduce Chinatown and show the relationship between Chinese culture and American culture.
Discuss these questions in groups.Q1: Have you ever been to a place that has a diverse culture ? What do you think about the culture diversity ?One culturally diverse place that I have been to is Harbin, the capital city of Heilongjiang Province. I went there last year with my family to see the Ice and Snow Festival, and I was amazed at how the culture as different to most other Chinese cities. There is a big Russian influence there, with beautiful Russian architecture and lots of interesting restaurants. I learnt that Harbin is called “the Oriental Moscow” and that many Russians settled there to help build the railway over 100 years ago.Q2: What are the benefits and challenges of cultural diversity ?The benefits: People are able to experience a wide variety of cultures, making their lives more interesting, and it can deepen the feelings for our national culture, it is also helpful for us to learn about other outstanding culture, which helps improve the ability to respect others. The challenges: People may have trouble communicating or understanding each other, and it may lead to disappearance of some civilizations and even make some people think “The western moon is rounder than his own.”Step 7 Post reading---RetellComplete the passage according to the text.Today, I arrived back in San Francisco, and it feels good (1) _____(be) back in the city again. The city succeeded in (2)_________ (rebuild) itself after the earthquake that (3)________ (occur) in 1906, and I stayed in the Mission District, enjoying some delicious noodles mixed with cultures. In the afternoon, I headed to a local museum (4)____ showed the historical changes in California. During the gold rush, many Chinese arrived, and some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown to earn a (5)_____ (live). Many others worked on (6)______ (farm), joined the gold rush, or went to build the railway that connected California to the east. The museum showed us (7)____ America was built by immigrants from (8)________ (difference) countries and cultures. In the evening, I went to Chinatown, and ate in a Cantonese restaurant that served food on (9)________(beauty) china plates. Tomorrow evening, I’m going to (10)__ jazz bar in the Richmond District. 答案:1. to be 2. rebuilding 3. occurred 4. that 5.living6. farms 7.how 8. different 9. beautiful 10. a
Step 3 Meaning1. 过去将来时表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态, 常用在宾语从句中。一般由“would/should +动词原形”构成。She hoped that they would meet again someday. 她希望将来有一天他们能再见面。2. was/were going to+动词原形: 表示过去将要发生或很有可能发生的动作, 常用于口语中, 表示预言、意图或者打算等。He was going to start work the following week. 他打算下星期开始工作。3. was/were about to do: 常用来表示即将发生的动作, “刚要/正要做……”。注意该结构不与任何时间状语连用。I felt that something terrible was about to happen. 我感到某种可怕的事情即将发生。4.was/were to do: 表示“曾计划做某事”, 如果表示“本来计划做某事, 动作没实现”, 则需用 “was/were to have done”。She said she was to have told me about the accident. 她说她本来想告诉我关于事故的事。5.Start, go, come, leave, see, meet等动词的过去进行时: 表示就过去某一时刻而言即将发生的动作。She was coming later. 她随后就来。I had just put on my overcoat and was leaving to visit a friend of mine. 我刚穿上外套要去看我的一个朋友。
4. A:We’d like to have someone to say a word at the beginning to welcome the group.B:↙Who?A:We thought that you or Dr.Johnson might do it.B用降调说Who,其意思是问,对方想让谁在开场时致欢迎词。Step 6 Pronunciation---Practice1. Listen to the short conversation and mark the intonation with ↗, ↙ or ↙, ↗. Then discuss with a partner what they intend to convey by using different intonation.Owner: You know what ?↗ It’s a million-pound bank note↙.Waiter 1: Really ?↗(question)Waiter 2: Really !↙(unbelievable and surprised)Waiter 3: Really ?!↙↗(first question then surprised)2. Listen to the conversations. Underline the parts that are stressed and mark the intonation. Then talk about the implied meanings of the responses with different intonations. Listen again and repeat.1) Henry: It’s a nice suit.Owner: Oh, it’s perfect!↙(The intonation means it is very suitable for Henry.)2) Henry: Well, that’s very kind of you.Owner: Kind, sir ?↗(what you said is not right) No, it’s kind of you. You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like. Just having you sit here is a great honour !!↙(welcome you to come again)3)Henry:Well, to be honest, I have none. Oliver:(happily) What luck!(excited) Brother↗, what luck!↙(It means “Didn’t you hear it?”)Henry: Well, it may seem lucky to you but not to me!↗(angry) If this is your idea of some kind of joke, I don’t think it’s very funny. Now if you’ll excuse me, I ought to be on my way.↙(If so, I would leave.)Roderick: Please don’t go↙...(hope Henry can wait for a moment)Part B Viewing and Talking---Describe people’s changing attitudes in a film clipStep 1 Before-listening---Tell the filmYou are going to watch part of the film The Million Pound Bank Note. Look at these photos and guess what happens in the film.
Step 4: Listen again and decide if the following statements are true (T) or false (F).1 It was the first time Chen Liyan's story was reported. T口 F口2 Chen found 10,000 yuan in a small plastic bag in Taiyuan railway station口 F口3 Wang Zheng apologized to Chen because he couldn't offer her more money. T口 F口4 Chen took out a large loan to cure her daughter, T口 F口5 Wang set up a fundraising website for Chen's daughter after Chen told him about her situation. T口 F口Step 5:After listening, discuss the questions.1 What kind of person do you think Chen Liyan is?Chen Liyan is generous and honest because she returned a large sum of money to the owner.2 Did Chen return the money because she didn't need it?No. She returned the money because it was the right thing to do. Evidence for this is that she refused to accept the reward money because she felt that it had not been earned. 3 Is it common for people to do what Chen did?It depends on the culture. In some countries it is quite common to return money that has been found. In other countries, people believe "Finders are keepers!" 4 How did Wang Zheng feel about the return of his money?He must have been very happy and relieved to have gotten his money back. We know this because he thanked Chen repeatedly and even offered her a reward.5 Why did Ma Dongbao tell Wang about Chen's family?He must have had great sympathy for Chen and her daughter and wanted to help them.'We know this because he arranged help for them. 6 How did the news reporter feel about Chen's actions?The news reporter felt that it showed that money wasn't the most important thing in life. We know this because the reporter told us that this is what Chen believes. and then said, “that's a great attitude to take."
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