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湖南省邵阳市2017年中考历史真题试题（含解析）
材料二从公元 476 年西罗马帝国灭亡到 14～16 世纪文艺复兴之前， 欧洲是政教合一的封建时代，宗教裁判所可以仅仅因为布鲁诺信奉哥白尼的日心说这样一个科学学说，而把他视为异端判处死刑，烧死在罗马鲜花广场上。因此，欧洲中世纪的科技经济发展和社会进步都受到了极大的阻碍，史称“黑暗的中世纪”。而这一千年，中国国家长期统一，经济持续发展，中华封建文明在大踏步前进……以四大发明为标志的传统技术更为世人所称道……只是到了近代才落后于西方。——摘编自王渝生《传统文化与中国科技发展》（1）根据材料一并结合所学知识，指出中国古代科技在世界科技史上的地位变化情况。（4分）（2）根据材料二并结合所学知识，概述公元401～1500年中国古代科技发展的主要原因。（6分）（3）下图是某校初三·三班吕亚楠同学制作的中国“古代四大发明”手抄报照片，其中“四大发明是什么”的答案有点模糊不清，请你补充完成。（ 4 分）
四川省成都市2016年中考历史真题试题（含解析）
材料二 20世纪80年代初，大陆的统一观已经有了创新性的发展，不完全要求绝对的“政治上的服从”和制度上的一致，首创了一个国家中允许存在不同社会制度的理论。这一理论在香港和澳门获得了成功的实践。——据许士铃《国家统一是中华民族历史形成的国家观》⑵材料二中，大陆首创的“一个国家中允许存在不同社会制度的理论”是指什么（2分）分析这一理论提出的依据(2分）。
2022年海南省中考英语真题（原卷版）
YangHongwei, 56, was born into a kite-making family in Weifang. When she was young,she often saw kites with bright colors and different shapes in hergrandfather’s workshop.
2022年江西省中考英语真题（原卷版）
Long ago, a poor old couple lived on the coast.One day, an old storyteller came to their village. The old couple gave him ameal. In return, he gave them a coffee mill (磨粉机)and said, “Say, ‘Mill, please grind (磨粉)’,”
2022年福建省中考英语真题（原卷版）
Thinking that her dream could never come true,Kelly was in low spirits and ____18____ her studies at school. Hermother did all she could to cheer her up, ____19____ Kelly refused tochange. She even took out all her anger and ____20____ on her mother.
2022年吉林省中考英语真题（原卷版）
Taiping nijiaojiao is made of the mudfrom the local mountain. It takes more than ten steps to make the clay toy, andthe key step is to knead (捏) it with your hands. You can knead the clay toyinto anything, like animals and plants. The blowhole is the most difficult partto make, for the size of the blowhole makes a difference to the sound. Whilecoloring, you can use traditional cultural elements (元素) thatcarry good meanings. It’s hard to make taipingnijiaojiao. But when you finally make it, you will feel proud of yourself.
2022年河南省中考英语真题（原卷版）
In the large yard stood thirteen trees ofdifferent sizes. One day, while Joey was playing with his sister under thetrees, he noticed that a tree trunk (树干) had a sad look. He raninto the house to tell his mom about it. She told Joey to find the reason whyit was sad.
2022年河北省中考英语真题（原卷版）
As a boy, Kevin visited national parks and helearned the Earth is in ___12___ condition. He felt worried, and hewanted to ___13___ the Earth. In 2009, he went to swim in water nearNorth Pole（北极）todraw people’s attention to the melting glaciers（融化的冰川）.
2022年安徽省中考英语真题（原卷版）
During 1907-1909, British explorer EarnestShackleton explored Antarctica on foot. In 1911, two explorers—a British mannamed Scott and a Norwegian named Amundsen—raced 1, 400 kilometres to the SouthPole (南极).Amundsen arrived first.
山东省聊城市2019年中考历史试题（解析版）
31.阅读下列材料，回答问题。材料一 农，天下之大本也，民所恃以生也。而民或不务本而事末，故生不遂。——汉文帝材料二 世儒不察，以工商为末。妄议抑之。夫工商圣王之所欲来，商又使其愿出于途者，盖皆本也。——黄宗羲（1）材料一反映了中国古代哪一重要思想？据此，西汉统治者采取了哪些措施？（2）材料二中黄宗羲提出了什么主张？应如何评价这一主张？
湖北省随州市2018年中考文综（历史部分）真题试题（含解析）
材料一 十一届三中全会以前，邓小平指出：只有思想解放了，我们才能正确地以马克思主义，毛泽东思想为指导，正确地改革同生产力迅速发展不相适应的生产关系和上层--摘自人教版八下《中国历史》（1）马克思义诞生的标志是什么？为十一届三中全会奠定思想理论基础的是哪一场思想解放运动？材料二“改革开放迈不开步子，不敢闯，说来说去就是怕资本主义的东西多了，走了资本主义的道市场经济不等于资本主义，社会主义也有市场。”--邓小平南方视察讲话”摘要（2）1992年初，邓小平视察南方多次发表谈话，当时的国际背景是什么？这些讲话有什么重大历史意义？材料三 中国特色社会主又进入新时代……意味着中国特色社会主义道路、理论、制度、文化不断发展，拓展了发展中国家走向现代化的途径……为解决人类问题贡献了中国智慧和中国方案。--摘自《十九大报告》（3）改革开放是坚持和发展中国特色社会主义的必由之路，在改革开放40年的伟大实践中中国贡献了哪些“中国智慧和中国方案”？
贵州省安顺市2018年中考文综（历史部分）真题试题（含解析）
材料一：19世纪中期到20世纪初，英、法等西方列强先后发动了一系列侵略战争，强迫清政府签订了一系列不平等条约，中国逐渐沦为半殖民地半封建社会。材料二：经历了从“师夷长技以制夷”到变法维新的探索，人们发现温和的改良无法从根本上改变旧制度。于是，人们举起义旗，发动革命，推翻旧王朝，建立了共和国，接着，高举民主、科学大旗，吹响了思想解放的号角。（1）材料一中，使中国开始和完全沦为半殖民地半封建社会的两大不平等条约分别是什么？（2）材料二中，“师夷长技以制夷”指的是什么历史事件？在该历史事件中“师夷长技”的根本目的是什么？
四川省达州市2016年中考文综（历史部分）真题试题（含解析）
17．纵观中外历史，民族解放、国家独立、社会制度的变更、民生问题的解决等都是国家得以发展的主要因素，同时也是历史发展的重要主题．结合所学历史知识，回答下列相关问题．（1）17-19世纪，美国、英国、法国、俄国、日本，这五个国家实现民族解放或变更社会制度的重大历史事件各是什么？上述五国伙同其他国家曾对中国发动了什么战争，使中国完全陷入了半殖民地半封建社会的深渊？（2）20世纪上半叶，中国人民为了推翻剥削压迫，实现民族解放和国家独立进行了诸多实践．其中哪次革命推翻了封建君主专制制度？实现民族解放和国家独立的历史事件是什么？（3）19世纪60年代，俄国和日本在改革中对于土地问题分别采取了什么具体措施？（4）20世纪50年代，中国为解放农民土地问题，消灭封建剥削制度，采取了什么措施？（5）我们青少年为了中国的发展应该怎样做？
湖北省随州市2017年中考文综（历史部分）真题试题（含解析）
材料：下午，十几个学校的学生近3000人齐集天安门，人人手里拿着一面或两面白旗，上面写着“还我青岛”“取消二十一条”等……（6月3日，上海）出现大规模的工厂罢工和商店罢市……6月28日和会对德和约签字，中国代表团拒绝出席此次全体会议，没有在该项和约上签字！﹣﹣金冲及《二十世纪史纲》（1）说说上述事件发生的背景。（2）从材料中归纳能够反映中国人民坚决反对屈辱外交的具体史实。（3）当代青年应该怎样发扬五四精神？
2022年黑龙江省绥化市中考英语真题（原卷版）
Tim: _______36_______,Bob.Bob: Good afternoon, Tim. Icalled you just now, but nobody answered. _______37_______?Tim: I went to the cinema.And I watched a movie named The Battle atLake Changjin.Bob: Oh, great. It’s very famous nowadays. _______38_______?
2022年江苏省宿迁市中考英语真题 （原卷版）
Theoil paper umbrella is a traditional Chinese handicraft（手工艺品）.It has a history of over 1,000 years in China．In early TangDynasty, it was introduced to Japan and Korea, so it was called the “TangUmbrella”. Later oil paper umbrellas were spread to other Asian countries, suchas Vietnam, Thailand and Laos, and each had its own style. However, assteel-ribbed（钢骨的）umbrellas appeared in the last century, thehand-made oil paper umbrellas became less used in daily life. They were turnedinto decorative artifacts（装饰性工艺品）.
2022年湖南省怀化市中考英语真题（原卷版）
___14___, I think an interest in Englishis very important. When I was in Grade Three, we had a new ___15___ — English,it was new for me. I was interested in it. I worked hard at it. Soon we had anEnglish exam and I got a very good mark. How ___16___ I was! After that,I learned English harder. Our English teacher often teaches us English songs,and ___17___ sound nice. I often think how interesting English is!
2022年湖南省常德市中考英语真题（原卷版）
Bike-to-Work Day is held every year across NorthAmerica on the third Friday of May. It was started by the League ofAmerican Bicyclists in 1956. Its aim is to promote (促进) the bicycle as a seriouschoice of getting to and from work. In today’s world where global warming is aserious issue, the bicycle is a perfect way of reducing our carbon (碳) footprint.
2022年江苏省徐州市中考英语真题（原卷版）
Dudiscovered his interest in folding paper in his childhood. After Du went tocollege in 2017, he had enough time to take the hobby seriously. He learnedfolding from online teachers and experts. Later he copied patterns from books.He spent almost three years improving his basic skills by making copies ofother artists’ designs. Then he made his own creations.
2022年湖北省武汉市中考英语真题（原卷版）
The December day started like any other. Papacame back with his boat full of fish. Mama made breakfast for the family.Seven-year-old Joonas was doing his homework, while his two little brothers ranaround the yard.