1.观察(1)如图,在阳光下观察直立于地面的旗杆AB及它在地面影子BC,旗杆所在直线与影子所在直线的位置关系是什么?(2)随着时间的变化,影子BC的位置在不断的变化,旗杆所在直线AB与其影子B’C’所在直线是否保持垂直?经观察我们知道AB与BC永远垂直,也就是AB垂直于地面上所有过点B的直线。而不过点B的直线在地面内总是能找到过点B的直线与之平行。因此AB与地面上所有直线均垂直。一般地,如果一条直线与一个平面α内所有直线均垂直,我们就说l垂直α,记作l⊥α。2.定义:①文字叙述:如果直线l与平面α内的所有 直线都垂直,就说直线l与平面α互相垂直,记作l⊥α.直线l叫做平面α的垂线,平面α叫做直线l的垂面.直线与平面垂直时,它们唯一的公共点P叫做交点.②图形语言:如图.画直线l与平面α垂直时,通常把直线画成与表示平面的平行四边形的一边垂直.③符号语言:任意a?α,都有l⊥a?l⊥α.
1.观察(1)如图,在阳光下观察直立于地面的旗杆AB及它在地面影子BC,旗杆所在直线与影子所在直线的位置关系是什么?(2)随着时间的变化,影子BC的位置在不断的变化,旗杆所在直线AB与其影子B’C’所在直线是否保持垂直?经观察我们知道AB与BC永远垂直,也就是AB垂直于地面上所有过点B的直线。而不过点B的直线在地面内总是能找到过点B的直线与之平行。因此AB与地面上所有直线均垂直。一般地,如果一条直线与一个平面α内所有直线均垂直,我们就说l垂直α,记作l⊥α。2.定义:①文字叙述:如果直线l与平面α内的所有 直线都垂直,就说直线l与平面α互相垂直,记作l⊥α.直线l叫做平面α的垂线,平面α叫做直线l的垂面.直线与平面垂直时,它们唯一的公共点P叫做交点.②图形语言:如图.画直线l与平面α垂直时,通常把直线画成与表示平面的平行四边形的一边垂直.
6.例二:如图在正方体ABCD-A’B’C’D’中,O’为底面A’B’C’D’的中心,求证:AO’⊥BD 证明:如图,连接B’D’,∵ABCD-A’B’C’D’是正方体∴BB’//DD’,BB’=DD’∴四边形BB’DD’是平行四边形∴B’D’//BD∴直线AO’与B’D’所成角即为直线AO’与BD所成角连接AB’,AD’易证AB’=AD’又O’为底面A’B’C’D’的中心∴O’为B’D’的中点∴AO’⊥B’D’,AO’⊥BD7.例三如图所示,四面体A-BCD中,E,F分别是AB,CD的中点.若BD,AC所成的角为60°,且BD=AC=2.求EF的长度.解:取BC中点O,连接OE,OF,如图。∵E,F分别是AB,CD的中点,∴OE//AC且OE=1/2AC,OF//AC且OF=1/2BD,∴OE与OF所成的锐角就是AC与BD所成的角∵BD,AC所成角为60°,∴∠EOF=60°或120°∵BD=AC=2,∴OE=OF=1当∠EOF=60°时,EF=OE=OF=1,当∠EOF=120°时,取EF的中点M,连接OM,则OM⊥EF,且∠EOM=60°∴EM= ,∴EF=2EM=
严格按照中央要求,高质量地梳理问题清单,精准实施专项整治,切实把ZT教育做深做实做出成效。各级D组织、广大D员干部将始终紧扣“学思想、强D性、重实践、建新功”的总要求,学习好运用好新时代中国特色社会主义思想的世界观和方法论,不断推动高质量发展取得新成效。一是夯实理论根基,把理论学习作为终身“必修课”。完整、准确、全面领会新时代中国特色社会主义思想,在深学细照笃行中提高理论素养、坚定理想信念、升华觉悟境界、增强能力本领。二是坚持读原著、学原文、悟原理,深刻领悟精髓要义。在学深、学透、学懂的基础上,将各领域、各方面重大思想理论观点作为一个整体来把握,把孤立的认识变为系统的认识,把感性认识上升为理性认识,不断提高素质能力,学以致用、学有所成。三是坚持深化学习和见诸行动、指导实践、推动发展相统一。
二是树立问题意识。问题是事物矛盾的直观反映,是实践发展的有力引导,抓住了主要问题,就找到了工作的着力点和突破口。实践中有什么问题,我们在工作中就要研究什么问题,努力解决什么问题。这是最朴实的方法论。比如,关于简化报表的问题。在调查研究中,基层同志反映,工会系统数据库要整合共享,不能都分头管理,多头要数据,重复要数据,还有大量的日常检查填表、统计报表,基层不堪重负,影响队伍力量办实事,“填表不等于工作”,实干才能服务职工。三是注重基层导向。基层是工会全部工作的基础。×市总工会高度重视基层,率先在乡镇街道全部建立总工会,率先明确乡镇街道总工会经费留成×%,率先在乡镇街道全部建立工会服务站,并由市区两级工会分担聘用专职工会社会工作者,有了一支专门的基层工会工作者队伍,保障了基层工会作用发挥。做实基层,夯实基础,工作才能落到实处,工会才能扎根职工群众之中。
(三)活动:我的班徽我设计1.同学们班级就是我们快乐的家,下面我们一起为这个家设计一个班徽,好吗?2.师:要想设计好班徽,首先我们就要了解什么是班徽?(学生交流)3.班徽的确应该是一种有着特殊含义的图案。让我们先来看两幅班徽设计图。(出示教科书第38页的班徽设计图)你能说说他们设计的图案代表了什么意义吗?4.那咱们班具有什么特点呢?什么样的班徽最能突出这一特点呢?(学生交流看法)5.教师根据学生回答归纳班徽设计要求。(板书:体现班风和特点,设计新颖有创意)6.师小结:刚才我们讨论了对班徽的设计要求,下面同学们可以分组进行设计,设计完后要讲出自己设计的班徽含义。(播放轻松背景音乐,学生按要求分组设计,教师巡视指导)
学生阅读教材第26页的四幅图画,反思日常生活中自己的一些做法,然后在小组内交流,再全班交流展示,教师相机引导、板书。设计意图:对日常生活中自己值日的思考,激发学生对值日生职责的认同感。活动二:解决值日中遇到的难题学生阅读教材第27页的四幅图,思考自己在值日中遇到过什么困难,然后全班交流,学生畅所欲言,教师引导学生共同解决。设计意图:针对学生值日中真实的困惑进行引导和解决,提高学生的责任意识、道德能力。活动三:我是今天的值日生课件出示儿歌《我是今天的值日生》。学生先自己读一读,全班再齐读。设计意图:再次认识值日生的职责。环节三:课堂小结,内化提升学生谈一谈学习本节课的收获,教师相机引导。设计意图:梳理总结,体验收获与成功的喜悦,内化提升学生的认识与情感。环节四:回归生活,拓展延伸制作班级值日生的表格,记录自己今后做值日的情况。设计意图:将课堂所学延伸到学生的日常生活中,有利于落实行为实践。
这一环节设计目的在于让学生了解到规则就存在于我们的日常生活之中。培养学生通过观察生活获取信息的能力,开发多方面的学习资源,扩充学生的知识面。课前学生把收集到的规则方面的资料汇总到课外调查表上,学生可以对游戏类、交通类、环保类、体育类等资料进行汇报,活动后让学生交流收获?4、走进《中小学生守则》,领悟学校规则课程是要帮助学生解决生活中的实际问题。这一环节是在学生探究性的学习中突破重难点的关键环节。首先教师让学生获悉与之关系密切的学校规则是《中小学生守则》。通过展示课件图片让学生把图片与守则内容连起来。通过核对,引导小组讨论:小学生守则的意义,并结合实际说出对哪一条的理解最深刻。在学生的交流汇报中,教师有目的地引导学生回答:如果没有这条规则,学校可能会出现什么情况,对每个同学可能有什么影响。举个例子说明一下。让学生把单一的“规则”迁移到日常行为上,达到自我教育的目的。
然后,针对这些问题与不足,教师引导学生出主意、想办法,一一找出解决它们的金点子,板贴:金点子设计意图:引导学生找到班级的不足,为了班级更棒献计献策,激发学生对班级的热爱之情,有集体感。环节三:课堂小结,内化提升学生谈一谈学习本节课的收获,教师相机引导。设计意图:梳理总结,体验收获与成功的喜悦,内化提升学生的认识与情感。环节四:布置作业,课外延伸今后的学习生活中,为了自己班越来越棒不断努力。设计意图:将课堂所学延伸到学生的日常生活中,有利于落实行为实践。六、板书设计为了突出重点,让学生整体上感知本节课的主要内容,我将以思维导图的形式设计板书:在黑板中上方的中间位置是课题《我们班四岁了》,下面是:与班级共成长,自己班的优点,自己班的问题与不足,板贴的相应的金点子。
教师再次用课件出示活动二中民主讨论的这个案例,引导学生说说,在对班级重大事务决策时,采用这种民主讨论方式有什么意义?板书:民主讨论的意义。设计意图:引导学生了解民主讨论能为班级创设宽松、和谐的氛围,让每个人都能畅所欲言,充分发表自己的意见。在这一过程中,学生也逐渐成长。环节三:课堂小结,内化提升学生谈一谈学习本节课的收获,教师相机引导。设计意图:梳理总结,体验收获与成功的喜悦,内化提升学生的认识与情感。环节四:布置作业,课外延伸写下对自己班级的美好寄语。设计意图:将课堂所学延伸到学生的日常生活中,有利于落实行为实践。六、板书设计为了突出重点,让学生整体上感知本节课的主要内容,我将以思维导图的形式设计板书:在黑板中上方的中间位置是课题《协商决定班级事务》,下面是:民主讨论,决定班级事务要遵循的程序,民主讨论的意义。
一.关于教学内容和教学要求的认识 本节课是一节探究性活动课,教学大纲上对数学活动课作了这样的解释:“数学活动课指在教师的指导下,通过学生自主活动,以获得直接经验和培养实践能力为主的课程。教育的目的在于弥补数学学科课程的不足,加强实践环节,重视数学思维的训练,培养学生的学习兴趣,促进学生志趣、个性、特长等自主和谐发展, 从而全面提高学生的数学素质”。可见教学大纲把实习和开展探究性教学放在了重要的地位。
二、学习新知1.正方形的定义在这一环节中,学生很容易犯的一个错误就是条件重复。这时我会引导学生从画图入手,提示他们:你能不能减少条件画出正方形呢?这一环节中我的观点是正方形的定义不是唯一的。我们可以从不同的角度来总结,只要合理就加以肯定。比如当学生总结出:四个角都是直角,四条边都相等的四边形是正方形。这时可以提醒学生是不是一定要四条边都相等,减少边的条数可以画出来吗?角的个数可以减少吗?鼓励学生动手试一试。通过动手画图可以很容易的得到正方形的一个定义:三个角都是直角,一组邻边都相等的四边形是正方形。通过小组讨论的形式来完成这一环节的设置。鼓励学生利用现有的材料继续构造正方形。从另一个角度总结正方形的定义。
二、团队成员要做到: 、按时参加团队组织的集体活动。按照阅读计划自学专业读本。 2、按时完成每两周一篇的专业阅读写作低限任务(随着时间推移,将适度增加作业量),每月一篇的鼓励性投稿任务(逐步变为任务)作业完成时间为每月的15日前和月底前。 3、不允许下载或抄袭日志充当任务。转载的日志要标注清楚。
团长助理:协调部门开展各项工作,编写和管理团队资料,做好团内统计、记录工作,增进团内和谐,及时沟通与交流并时常归纳建议,及时传达任务与通知。 宣传部:务必做好本团各类活动的网络宣传。做好网络招募的宣传,在各社交网上应有积极互动。制作活动宣传海报,支教视频,相册,收集并发表支教日记(可与教务部合作),以及其他力所能及的宣传方式。 人事部:负责团队支教的志愿者招募及选拔,保障支教活动人员充足,招募策划可与团长助理协同完成,在QQ群上的招募工作已经专门划分给人事部,为了使你们对志愿者有更直接和全面的认识。 教务部:负责团队支教活动的人员分配工作,协作讨论形成实地支教计划,组织进行支教前人员培训,记录支教生活,每次支教每个支教点最少要有两篇支教生活记录、感悟或实践报告。 二、各部门工作细则 (一)、团长 .团长在进入招募期后,应与时刻与支教点主要负责人保持联系,认真选好地点,尽可能保证整个团队支教地点的安全。 2.团长要定期和团长助理,各部门主管、成员开会,及时了解团内活动进程,安排部署,统筹规划。 3.团长负责监督团内所有事务活动的展开,并及时督促。
一、思想上 一年来,我时时处处不忘加强思想政治学习。严格要求自己,处处做同志们的表率,发挥模范带头作用。一年来,我从不因故请假,迟到,旷工。不怕苦,不怕累,总是以百倍的热情投入到工作之中。 二、工作上 一年来,我服从学校领导的分配,认真完成学校交给的各项工作任务。在教学中,我虚心向老教师请教,认真钻研新大纲、吃透教材,积极开拓教学思路,把一些先进的教学理论、科学的教学方法及先进现代教学手段灵活运用于课堂教学中,努力培养学生的合作交流、自主探究、勇于创新等能力。另外,本人在搞好教学工作的同时,还很注重教学经验的积累。发表教学论文1篇。 在搞好工作的同时,我还不忘与同志们搞好团结,尊敬领导及同事,真诚的对待每一位同志。 在这一年的工作中,我得到了学校领导,教师们及学生们的好评。但是,检查起来,所存在的缺点毛病也是不少的,还需今后努力改正。主要缺点还有以下几个方面:一是理论知识的学习还是欠缺,还存在有懒惰思想;二是工作虽然很努力,可是个人能力还有待提高,学生成绩进步不是很快。今后,我一定在校领导及全体同志们的帮助下,加强学习,提高工作能力,使自己的思想和工作都能更上一个台阶!
4.That was an experience that frightened everyone. →That was _____________________. 答案:1. taking 2. being discussed 3. in the reading room 4. a frightening experienceStep 6 The meaning and function of V-ing as the predicative动词-ing形式作表语,它通常位于系动词后面,用以说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”一种表示主语的特质、特征和状态, 其作用相当于形容词; 另一种具体说明主语的内容, 即主语等同于表语, 两者可互换。The music they are playing sounds so exciting. 他们演奏的音乐听起来令人激动。The result is disappointing. 结果令人失望。Our job is playing all kinds of music. 我们的工作就是演奏各种音乐。Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。Step 7 Practice1. It is ________(amaze) that the boy is able to solve the problem so quickly.2. Buying a car is simply _______(waste) money. 3. Please stop making the noise—it’s getting ________(annoy). 4. complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form.La Tomatina is a festival that takes place in the Spanish town Bunol every August. I think many food festivals are __________ because people are just eating. however, this festival is _________ because people don't actually eat the tomatoes. Instead, they throw them at each other! the number of people ________ part in this tomato fight, can reach up to 20,000, and it is a very __________ fight that lasts for a whole hour. The _______ thing is how clean Bunol is after the tomatoes are washed away after the fight. this is because the juice form tomatoes is really good for making surfaces clean!答案:1. amazing 2. wasting 3. annoying4. boring interesting taking exciting amazing
The topic of this part is “Discover the reasons for festivals and celebrations.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at talking about the experiences and feelings or emotions about the festivals and celebrations. This section aims at detecting the reason why the people celebrate the festivals, the time, the places, the types and the way of celebrations. It also explains why some traditions in the old celebrations are disappearing, like the firecrackers in the big cities and some new things are appearing like the prosperity of business or commerce. 1. Students can talk about what festivals they know and the reasons and the way of celebrating them.2. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.3. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them. 4. Students can have the international awareness about the festivals.1. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.2. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat festival do you like best ? Why ?I like the Spring Festivals because I can set off the fireworks, receive the lucky money and enjoy the Gala with my families.Step 2 Before reading---Pair workWhy do people celebrate different festivals ?The Spring Festivals is to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring and new life.The Mid-autumn Day is to celebrate the harvest and admire the moon.
The theme of this section is “Talk about festival activities and festival experiences”.Festival and holiday is a relaxing and interesting topic for students. This part talks about the topic from the daily life of students’. In the part A ---Listening and Speaking, there are three conversations among different speakers from three countries(Japan, Rio and China), where the speakers are participating in or going to participate in the festivals and celebrations. So listening for the relationship among them is a fundamental task. Actually, with the globalization and more international communication, it is normal for Chinese or foreigners to witness different festivals and celebrations in or out of China. In the Conversation 1, a foreign reporter is interviewing a Japanese young girl who just had participated in the ceremony of the Coming-of-Age Day on the street and asking her feeling about the ceremony and the afterwards activities. Conversation 2, Chinese girl Li Mei is witnessing the Rio Carnival for the first time, and her friend Carla gives her some advice on the costumes which enables her to match with the carnival to have a good time. Conversation 3, a Chinese guide is showing a group of foreign visitors around the Lantern Festival and introducing the customs of the festival to them. The three conversations have a strong vitality and insert the festival and cultural elements from different countries. So perceiving the festivals and cultures from different countries is the second task. At the same time, the scripts also insert the targeted grammar --- v-ing as attributive and predicative, which students can perceive and experience in a real context and make a road for the further study. That is the third task. In the Part B--- Listening and Talking, the theme is “Talk about festival experience”, which is the common topic in our daily conversations. During the conversation, Song Lin, a Chinese student, asked Canadian friend Max about how to spend Christmas. In the conversation, Song Lin talked about experience and the feelings during the Chinese Spring Festival, during which there are not only some enjoyable things but some unpleasant things. After the listening, perhaps students find there are some similarities between Christmas and the Chinese Spring Festival as there are some differences in the origins and celebrations. For example, people always visit friends and relatives, decorate their houses, have a big dinner together, chat and give presents to each other.
Step 3 Analyzing article structureActivity 31. Teachers raise questions to guide students to analyze the chapter structure of this diary and think about how to describe the festival experience. (1)What should be included in the opening/body/closing paragraph(s)?(2)How did the writer arrange his/her ideas?(3)What kind of interesting details did the writer describe?(4)How did the writer describe his/her feelings/emotions during the event?2. Students read and compare the three sentence patterns in activity 2. Try to rewrite the first paragraph of the diary with these three sentence patterns. After that, students exchange corrections with their partners. Such as:●This was my first time spending three days experiencing the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and it was an enjoyable and exciting experience. ●I'll never forget my experience at the Naadam Festival because it was my first time to watch the exciting Mongolian games of horse racing, wrestling, and archery so closely. ●I'll always remember my first experience at the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region because it was so amazing to spend three days witnessing a grand Mongolian ceremony. Step 4 Accumulation of statementsActivity 41. Ask the students to read the diary again. Look for sentences that express feelings and emotions, especially those with the -ing form and the past participle. Such as:● …horse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch. ● some amazing performances● I was surprised to see…● I was a little worried about. . . ● feeling really tiredOther emotional statements:●I absolutely enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favourite part. ●I'm finally back home now, feeling really tired, but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it. ●He invited me back for the winter to stay in a traditional Mongolian tent and cat hot pot. I can’t wait!2. In addition to the use of the -ing form and the past participle, the teacher should guide the students in the appreciation of these statements, ask them to memorize them, and encourage them to use them reasonably in writing practice.
The topic of this part is “Write about your festival experience”.During the Listening and Speaking and Talking, students are just asked to say out their festival experiences such as the Spring Festival, Mid-autumn Day, but this part students will be asked to write down their own festival experiences. During the reading part, it introduces the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which can give students a good example to imitate. Students not only learn the festival, but touch and feel the Inner Mongolian’s character, the spirit and cultural atmosphere, which can help students form the cultural awareness and learn to enjoy and value the diversity of Chinese culture.Concretely, the dairy tells the experience that the author spent the Naadam Festival in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region with his/her friend. The structure is clear. In the opening paragraph, it introduces the topic of the Naadam Festival and the whole feeling. Then it introduces the items of the festival like the ceremony, wrestling and horse racing. Finally, it summarizes this experience. Because this part is a travel journal, we must guide students pay more attention to these details: 1. use the first person. 2. use the past tense to tell the past thing and use the present or future tense to describe the scenery. 3. use the timeline to tell the development. 4. be careful for the author’s psychology, emotion and feeling, etc.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information about Naadam Festival.2. Learn the structure of the reading article and language.3. Write an article about a festival experience4. Learn to use the psychology, emotions and feeling in the writing.1. Write an article about a festival experience.2. Use the structure of the reading article and language.
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