TheChinese knot, a folk art, has a long history. People first made them to recordinformation and send messages before they started to use words. The knots wereused for decoration (装饰) and to express thoughts and feelings in theTang Dynasty. They were later popular in the Ming and Qing dynasties. But thisart wasn’t really accepted by the common people until the Qing Dynasty.
Flying kites Kites have quite a long history. The earliest kites were made ofwood, instead of paper. Nowadays, the three most famous kites are the Beijingkite, Tianjin kite, and Weifang kite. And they are quite different from eachother. For example, the swallow-shaped kite is a well-known Beijing style.
材料一 有学者指出,苏联模式具有双重收应。苏联模式对于于苏联迅速实现工业化和国防现代化是有效的,但在使国民经济结构保持平衡、国民经济整体持续增长方面却显得乏力……材料二: 1928~1940年,苏联国防工业总产值增加了1.8倍,年增长率高达39%,1938年与1930年相比,步、机枪的产量增长了8倍,火炮产量增加了12倍。坦克1930年有170辆,两年后增加到3000辆;到1937年底,苏军拥有各类坦克1.5万辆。1936年苏军拥有飞机6672架,是1928年的4倍。——以上材料均摘编自刘宗绪主编《历史学科专题讲座》材料三:在反法西斯战争中,苏军的技术装备全部更新。苏制重型HC-2坦克超过德国“虎式”坦克的威力。火箭炮(“喀秋莎”)、强击机等新型武器都有极大的发展。1949年,苏联成功爆炸了第一颗原子弹。之后,美、苏两国核军备竞赛进一步升级。到70年代初,美、苏战略核力量大体形成均势。——摘编自《20世纪的战争与和平》教师教学用书(1)据材料一,指出苏联国防现代化迅速实现的原因。(2分)
Duringwork hours in Becker’s bread shop, the kitchen is especially quiet except thesound of the machine. The quiet environment is not the result of the strictrules, but because all the workers are deaf. They use sign language tocommunicate with each other from time to time.
Penny’s family was very poor. Her father was asailor (水手).He earned very little money and was ____16____ away from home. Her mothercould not work ____17____she was often sick. One day.
When he was 12, his parents died. He was aloneand didn’t ____11____others. No one showed kindness to him. People always laughed ____12____ him. His only friend was adog named Bobby. He ____13____his dog enough to eat and drink, but he was a little rude(粗鲁的)to it sometimes.
A bird went to look for happiness. On ___21___ way, she saw a flower, the flower was short ofwater, but his face was full of ___22___ .
Ibelieved that I was right and he was wrong, and Tony believed that I was wrongand he was right. Our teacher, a kind and smart lady, decided to teach us alesson. She brought us to the front of the class and placed him on one side ofher desk and me on the other. In the middle of her desk was a large and roundobject. I could clearly see that it was black. The teacher asked us what colorthe object was. “White,” Tony answered. I couldn’t believe he said the objectwas white! “Clearly, it was black!” Another argument started between Tony andme, this time about the color of the object.
Ibelieved that I was right and he was wrong, and Tony believed that I was wrongand he was right. Our teacher, a kind and smart lady, decided to teach us alesson. She brought us to the front of the class and placed him on one side ofher desk and me on the other. In the middle of her desk was a large and roundobject. I could clearly see that it was black. The teacher asked us what colorthe object was. “White,” Tony answered. I couldn’t believe he said the objectwas white! “Clearly, it was black!” Another argument started between Tony andme, this time about the color of the object.
材料一 每一(签暑国)政府各自保证对与各政府作战的三国同盟成员国及其附从者使用其全部资源,不论军事的或是经济的,联合起来,共同对敌……--1942年1月《联合国家宣言》材料二1954年,日内瓦国际会议上,美国国务卿杜勒斯严令美国代表团:不准任何人与中国代表握手……1972年2月,美国总统尼克松乘专机抵达北京,周恩来总理前往迎接周恩来对尼克松说:“你的手伸过世界最辽阔的海洋未和我握手一-25年没有交往了啊!”--摘编自尼克松回忆录《领导者》材料三 北京时间2018年3月23日,美国宣布将对600亿美元中国出口商品征收关税,并对中国实行贸易限制--摘编自《中国网》(1)材料一所述《联合国家宣言》的发表,标志着什么组织的建立?美国和中国是否同属于“签署国”?
父亲去世10年后,在我的“软硬兼施”下,母亲终于同意来郑州跟着我——她最小的女儿一起生活。一天,母亲对先生说,星期天喊你那些朋友回家来吃饭吧,我都来了大半个月了,没见他们来过呢。妈,他们经常在外面聚呢。我替先生解释,母亲摇头,态度坚决地让先生在周末把他们带回家来聚一聚。
虞美人 梳楼[宋]蒋捷丝丝杨柳丝丝雨。春在溟濛处。楼儿忒小不藏愁。几度和云飞去、觅归舟。天怜客子乡关远。借与花消遣。海棠红近绿阑干。才卷朱帘却又、晚风寒。(选自《宋词鉴赏辞典》)
夏翁,江阴巨族。尝舟行过市桥,一人担粪,倾入其舟,溅及翁衣。其人旧识也,僮辈怒,欲殴之。翁曰:“此出不知耳,知我宁肯相犯!”因好语遣之。及归,阅债籍,此人乃负三十金无偿,欲因以求死。翁为之折券。
胡翰,字仲申,金华人。幼聪颖异常儿。七岁时,道拾遗金,坐守待其人还之。长从兰奚谷吴师道、浦江吴莱学古文,复登同邑先达之门。同郡柳贯▲文章名天下,见翰文,称之不容口。游元都,公卿交誉之。或劝之仕,不应。既归,遭天下大乱,避地南华山,著书自适。文章与宋濂相上下。
孝武帝太元十八年,陶渊明怀着大济苍生之愿,担任祭酒一职,后因官场黑暗而辞官。安帝隆安四年,他又投入桓玄门下。元兴二年,桓玄篡夺帝位,他不愿同流合污而再返田园。元兴三年,刘裕起兵讨桓平叛。
(一)江上(5分)【明】孙蕡江上青枫初着花,客帆和月宿蒹葭。云过疏雨数千点,临水小村三四家。风起渔船依钓石,潮回归雁认平沙。秋怀已向南云尽,又是沧洲阅岁华。【注释】①孙蕡(fén):字仲衍,号西庵先生,广东南海人。②沧州:滨水的地方。
(一)(4分)南溪弄水回望山园梅花[宋]杨万里梅从山下过溪来,近爱清溪远爱梅。溪水声声留我住,梅花朵朵唤人回。 (选自《给孩子的古诗词》)
伏伽①曰:“臣闻‘性相近,习相远’。今皇太子诸王左右执事,不可不择。大抵不义无赖及驰骋射猎歌舞声色慢游之人,止可悦耳目,备驱驰,至拾遗补阙,决不能也。泛观前世子姓②不克孝兄弟不克友莫不由左右乱之。愿选贤才,澄僚友③之选。”
中国国家博物馆在2014年被美国国际主题公园及景点协会评为全世界观众人数第二多的博物馆,位于法国卢浮宫之后。博物馆正成为一个国家,一个城市中最重要的窗口。
但是一旦开始翻译之后,就知道实际的时间多么不够。事实上,这本书几乎全部都是朱衣翻译的。我的工作,则是把她的全部译稿再仔细校阅一遍。这样我们经过很长一段时间的琢磨,才完成了全部工作。如果读者发现翻译上的疏失(一定不免),责任由我们共同承担。