师:你们还知道哪些地方没有保持安静的标志,同样需要我们小点儿声?(校园的走廊、电梯、商场、餐厅等) 师:孩子们都有一双善于发现的眼睛。能够找到我们身边需要保持安静的场所。不论是学校、公园还是商场、银行。这些地方都是公共场所,虽然没有保持安静的的标志,我们也要小点儿声。那么,是不是这些地方我们就不能说话了呢? 5、课件出示电梯场景 师:这,是我们非常熟悉的电梯。丽丽和她的2个伙伴正乘坐电梯去上班,这时候他们可以聊天吗?为什么? 师:当电梯来到11楼,又进来的2个人,这是他们应该怎么做呢? 生:调节自己聊天的音量,不打扰其他人乘坐电梯。 师:公共场所不是不可以讲话,只是要根据实际情况调节自己的音量,不影响他们,就是文明的行为。
3.下结论.依据均值和方差做出结论.跟踪训练2. A、B两个投资项目的利润率分别为随机变量X1和X2,根据市场分析, X1和X2的分布列分别为X1 2% 8% 12% X2 5% 10%P 0.2 0.5 0.3 P 0.8 0.2求:(1)在A、B两个项目上各投资100万元, Y1和Y2分别表示投资项目A和B所获得的利润,求方差D(Y1)和D(Y2);(2)根据得到的结论,对于投资者有什么建议? 解:(1)题目可知,投资项目A和B所获得的利润Y1和Y2的分布列为:Y1 2 8 12 Y2 5 10P 0.2 0.5 0.3 P 0.8 0.2所以 ;; 解:(2) 由(1)可知 ,说明投资A项目比投资B项目期望收益要高;同时 ,说明投资A项目比投资B项目的实际收益相对于期望收益的平均波动要更大.因此,对于追求稳定的投资者,投资B项目更合适;而对于更看重利润并且愿意为了高利润承担风险的投资者,投资A项目更合适.
导语在必修第一册中,我们研究了函数的单调性,并利用函数单调性等知识,定性的研究了一次函数、指数函数、对数函数增长速度的差异,知道“对数增长” 是越来越慢的,“指数爆炸” 比“直线上升” 快得多,进一步的能否精确定量的刻画变化速度的快慢呢,下面我们就来研究这个问题。新知探究问题1 高台跳水运动员的速度高台跳水运动中,运动员在运动过程中的重心相对于水面的高度h(单位:m)与起跳后的时间t(单位:s)存在函数关系h(t)=-4.9t2+4.8t+11.如何描述用运动员从起跳到入水的过程中运动的快慢程度呢?直觉告诉我们,运动员从起跳到入水的过程中,在上升阶段运动的越来越慢,在下降阶段运动的越来越快,我们可以把整个运动时间段分成许多小段,用运动员在每段时间内的平均速度v ?近似的描述它的运动状态。
4.写出下列随机变量可能取的值,并说明随机变量所取的值表示的随机试验的结果.(1)一个袋中装有8个红球,3个白球,从中任取5个球,其中所含白球的个数为X.(2)一个袋中有5个同样大小的黑球,编号为1,2,3,4,5,从中任取3个球,取出的球的最大号码记为X.(3). 在本例(1)条件下,规定取出一个红球赢2元,而每取出一个白球输1元,以ξ表示赢得的钱数,结果如何?[解] (1)X可取0,1,2,3.X=0表示取5个球全是红球;X=1表示取1个白球,4个红球;X=2表示取2个白球,3个红球;X=3表示取3个白球,2个红球.(2)X可取3,4,5.X=3表示取出的球编号为1,2,3;X=4表示取出的球编号为1,2,4;1,3,4或2,3,4.X=5表示取出的球编号为1,2,5;1,3,5;1,4,5;2,3,5;2,4,5或3,4,5.(3) ξ=10表示取5个球全是红球;ξ=7表示取1个白球,4个红球;ξ=4表示取2个白球,3个红球;ξ=1表示取3个白球,2个红球.
对于离散型随机变量,可以由它的概率分布列确定与该随机变量相关事件的概率。但在实际问题中,有时我们更感兴趣的是随机变量的某些数字特征。例如,要了解某班同学在一次数学测验中的总体水平,很重要的是看平均分;要了解某班同学数学成绩是否“两极分化”则需要考察这个班数学成绩的方差。我们还常常希望直接通过数字来反映随机变量的某个方面的特征,最常用的有期望与方差.二、 探究新知探究1.甲乙两名射箭运动员射中目标靶的环数的分布列如下表所示:如何比较他们射箭水平的高低呢?环数X 7 8 9 10甲射中的概率 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4乙射中的概率 0.15 0.25 0.4 0.2类似两组数据的比较,首先比较击中的平均环数,如果平均环数相等,再看稳定性.假设甲射箭n次,射中7环、8环、9环和10环的频率分别为:甲n次射箭射中的平均环数当n足够大时,频率稳定于概率,所以x稳定于7×0.1+8×0.2+9×0.3+10×0.4=9.即甲射中平均环数的稳定值(理论平均值)为9,这个平均值的大小可以反映甲运动员的射箭水平.同理,乙射中环数的平均值为7×0.15+8×0.25+9×0.4+10×0.2=8.65.
一、 问题导学前面两节所讨论的变量,如人的身高、树的胸径、树的高度、短跑100m世界纪录和创纪录的时间等,都是数值变量,数值变量的取值为实数.其大小和运算都有实际含义.在现实生活中,人们经常需要回答一定范围内的两种现象或性质之间是否存在关联性或相互影响的问题.例如,就读不同学校是否对学生的成绩有影响,不同班级学生用于体育锻炼的时间是否有差别,吸烟是否会增加患肺癌的风险,等等,本节将要学习的独立性检验方法为我们提供了解决这类问题的方案。在讨论上述问题时,为了表述方便,我们经常会使用一种特殊的随机变量,以区别不同的现象或性质,这类随机变量称为分类变量.分类变量的取值可以用实数表示,例如,学生所在的班级可以用1,2,3等表示,男性、女性可以用1,0表示,等等.在很多时候,这些数值只作为编号使用,并没有通常的大小和运算意义,本节我们主要讨论取值于{0,1}的分类变量的关联性问题.
作为一一名任课教师,我们或许都有过这样的体验,每当上完一节好课,会让你有意犹未尽之感,全身都会感到舒爽之至。而往往公开课更容易达到这样的境界。想想为什么,一个很重要的原因就是我们无形中做到了“懂”、“透”、“化”。 总之,我们在处理教材上真正做到“懂”、“透”、“化”,真正做到“钻进去,走出来”,就会达到创设教材研究的理想境界。
【活动目标】1.发展幼儿对颜色、6以内数量的感知。2.幼儿能尝试简单的分类。3.体验快乐的情绪。 【活动准备】 红、黄、绿花若干;红、黄、绿圆点即时贴若干;白色纸花,花心分别为红、黄、绿,花瓣为4、5、6片;音乐磁带《春天》《找朋友》;贴有数字4、5、6的三个花篮。
2、 在活动过程中根据物体的大小特征匹配相应大小的物体。3、 尝试用语言讲述操作过程。活动过程:1、 集体活动。 (1) 给四只大小不同的小猫排序。 教师出示图片小猫,提问:它们是谁?一共有几只?他们有什么不一样?谁会帮它们排队?先带领幼儿数数1、2、3、4只猫,然后大家确定开始的地方,幼儿上来排序,其他幼儿看排大的对不对,并集体讲述她是怎么排序的。(2) 给小猫送鱼。 教师出示三条鱼的图片。问:这是什么?谁最爱吃鱼?那我们把这些鱼送给小猫好吗?看看这些鱼有什么不一样?想想应该怎么送?幼儿操作,师生共同检查,教师引导说出:最小的鱼送给最小的猫,大一点鱼送给大一点的猫,最大的鱼送给最大的猫。大家集体练习一次。
2、乐意参加操作活动,体验成功的快乐。 活动准备: 1、范图;各种小动物的拼图。 3、幼儿用书人手一本。 活动过程: 1、观察完整的小动物拼图。 教师出示完整的小动物拼图。宝宝们,你们看,老师带来了什么?你们认识它们吗? 引导幼儿跟每个小动物问好。
2、知道家有几口,感受家的快乐。 活动准备: 大苹果胸饰一个(正面红色,背面绿色);小苹果胸饰一个;人手一份苹果脸谱;苹果树(挂着与幼儿人数相同的大小,红、绿苹果。);苹果全家福一张;眼镜、头发、小圆片等若干。鼓、录音机、像机。 活动过程: 一、创设情景,激起兴趣 1、观看教师大苹果胸饰,区分颜色。分别观看两教师胸饰,学习区分大小。 2、摘苹果活动:比一比、讲一讲,初步分清大小、颜色。
(一)教材的地位与作用教材第一部分的顺序是:先给学生洋流的概念以及洋流按照性质的分类,接着说明洋流的主要成因与盛行风有关。并结合风带与洋流模式图总结和归纳了洋流的分布规律。最后,给出世界表层洋流的冬季分布图,让学生读图思考的问题主要涉及洋流的分布规律和原因。教材第二部分阐述了洋流对地理环境四个方面的影响。教材的顺序和要求与课标要求、学生认知规律有矛盾的地方,需要重组教学的顺序——先由洋流对地理环境和人类活动的影响的例子来设置悬念,激发学生认识的欲望,提供材料归纳世界表层洋流的分布规律,再探究其主要驱动力。(二)教学目标(1)知识与技能目标:①运用地图,从分布位置、运动方向、寒暖流的位置来归纳世界表层洋流的分布规律②画出世界表层洋流的分布简单模式图③掌握洋流的主要成因
1、课件出示教材第12页图片。学生思考问题,当你们遇到这样的情况时,你们会怎么做?学生活动;学生讨论交流。教师小结:孩子们,你们的做法非常正确。我希望你们能够按照自己说的那样去做,成为当之无愧的开心果。2、课件出示教材第13页情境图(扫地的妈妈咳嗽;唉声叹气的爸爸;发怒的爷爷;哭泣的小妹妹。)请同学们猜一猜这些人遇到了什么情况?你们是怎么判断出来的?你们会怎么做呢?学生活动:学生思考后畅所欲言。学生1:通过观察动作,我发现妈妈边扫地边咳嗽,然后我会帮助妈妈扫地,让妈妈休息。学生2:通过观察表情,我发现爸爸遇到不开心的事,然后我会给爸爸讲笑话,逗他开心。学生3:通过观察表情,我发现爷爷很生气,然后我会帮爷爷捶捶背,让爷爷放轻松。学生4:通过观察表情,我发现小妹妹在哭位,然后我会开导她,哄她开心。教师总结:同学们说得很好。我希望你们以后遇到类似的情况时,能够及时给他人带去快乐,做个“开心果”。
1.巧巧给大家带来了自己家乡“西藏”的一个神话传说,播放彔音听一听《“神女峰”的传说》。 2.在小组内分享自己收集的家乡风光照片和有关传说吧。 3.各组的优秀选手迚行全班展示,大屏幕同时展示学生收集的家乡风光照片、景点门票戒者画的家乡风景图。 4.你想到谁的家乡去 小结:同学们能以小组为单位,合作查找同一个家乡不同的资料,真棒正是你们课前像小蜜蜂一样辛勤地劳动,我们的课堂才会如此精彩大家为自己鼓鼓掌。 我们的祖国地大物博,我们的家乡各具特色,请到我的家乡来。 我们的家乡不仅有优美的自然风光和动人的传说,还有丰富的特产和优秀的家乡人,下节课我们继续交流。 5.布置作业 1制作家乡自然风光的剪报和画册。 2收集家乡特产和家乡名人资料,筹备“家乡特产发布会”。
4. 今天我们继续学习《富起来到强起来》 。 活动一:了解社会主义核心价值观1. 看过了视频,接下来由各个小组与我们分享他们在课下准备的核心价值 观小品,每组表演时,剩下的小组猜测表演的是哪一个核心价值观并在活动评 价单上进行评分。2. 教师总结:“精神文明建设使人们的生活更美好”教师引导学生:精神文明建设搞好了,人心凝聚,精神振奋,各项事业才 会全面兴盛。活动二:走进新时代,怀揣中国梦。1. 播放“中国梦”优秀少儿演讲视频。2. 阅读课本,交流感想。 活动三:争做时代好少年1. 回顾各小组的表演,把其中所有的不良习惯和闪光举动逐个挑出来再次 强调。2. 小组交流班级内部常见的坏习惯。教师总结。 总结延伸:通过本节课的学习了解到青少儿应积极投身于社会主义精神文明建设的伟 大实践中去,做新时代的好少,做新时期中国先进文化的传播者。
4.That was an experience that frightened everyone. →That was _____________________. 答案:1. taking 2. being discussed 3. in the reading room 4. a frightening experienceStep 6 The meaning and function of V-ing as the predicative动词-ing形式作表语,它通常位于系动词后面,用以说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”一种表示主语的特质、特征和状态, 其作用相当于形容词; 另一种具体说明主语的内容, 即主语等同于表语, 两者可互换。The music they are playing sounds so exciting. 他们演奏的音乐听起来令人激动。The result is disappointing. 结果令人失望。Our job is playing all kinds of music. 我们的工作就是演奏各种音乐。Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。Step 7 Practice1. It is ________(amaze) that the boy is able to solve the problem so quickly.2. Buying a car is simply _______(waste) money. 3. Please stop making the noise—it’s getting ________(annoy). 4. complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form.La Tomatina is a festival that takes place in the Spanish town Bunol every August. I think many food festivals are __________ because people are just eating. however, this festival is _________ because people don't actually eat the tomatoes. Instead, they throw them at each other! the number of people ________ part in this tomato fight, can reach up to 20,000, and it is a very __________ fight that lasts for a whole hour. The _______ thing is how clean Bunol is after the tomatoes are washed away after the fight. this is because the juice form tomatoes is really good for making surfaces clean!答案:1. amazing 2. wasting 3. annoying4. boring interesting taking exciting amazing
The topic of this part is “Discover the reasons for festivals and celebrations.The Listening & Speaking & Talking part aims at talking about the experiences and feelings or emotions about the festivals and celebrations. This section aims at detecting the reason why the people celebrate the festivals, the time, the places, the types and the way of celebrations. It also explains why some traditions in the old celebrations are disappearing, like the firecrackers in the big cities and some new things are appearing like the prosperity of business or commerce. 1. Students can talk about what festivals they know and the reasons and the way of celebrating them.2. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.3. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them. 4. Students can have the international awareness about the festivals.1. Students should learn the reading skills such as the headline and get the topic sentences, the structures of articles.2. Students can understand the past, the present situation of some festival around the world and why there are some changes about them.Step 1 Lead in---Small talkWhat festival do you like best ? Why ?I like the Spring Festivals because I can set off the fireworks, receive the lucky money and enjoy the Gala with my families.Step 2 Before reading---Pair workWhy do people celebrate different festivals ?The Spring Festivals is to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring and new life.The Mid-autumn Day is to celebrate the harvest and admire the moon.
The theme of this section is “Talk about festival activities and festival experiences”.Festival and holiday is a relaxing and interesting topic for students. This part talks about the topic from the daily life of students’. In the part A ---Listening and Speaking, there are three conversations among different speakers from three countries(Japan, Rio and China), where the speakers are participating in or going to participate in the festivals and celebrations. So listening for the relationship among them is a fundamental task. Actually, with the globalization and more international communication, it is normal for Chinese or foreigners to witness different festivals and celebrations in or out of China. In the Conversation 1, a foreign reporter is interviewing a Japanese young girl who just had participated in the ceremony of the Coming-of-Age Day on the street and asking her feeling about the ceremony and the afterwards activities. Conversation 2, Chinese girl Li Mei is witnessing the Rio Carnival for the first time, and her friend Carla gives her some advice on the costumes which enables her to match with the carnival to have a good time. Conversation 3, a Chinese guide is showing a group of foreign visitors around the Lantern Festival and introducing the customs of the festival to them. The three conversations have a strong vitality and insert the festival and cultural elements from different countries. So perceiving the festivals and cultures from different countries is the second task. At the same time, the scripts also insert the targeted grammar --- v-ing as attributive and predicative, which students can perceive and experience in a real context and make a road for the further study. That is the third task. In the Part B--- Listening and Talking, the theme is “Talk about festival experience”, which is the common topic in our daily conversations. During the conversation, Song Lin, a Chinese student, asked Canadian friend Max about how to spend Christmas. In the conversation, Song Lin talked about experience and the feelings during the Chinese Spring Festival, during which there are not only some enjoyable things but some unpleasant things. After the listening, perhaps students find there are some similarities between Christmas and the Chinese Spring Festival as there are some differences in the origins and celebrations. For example, people always visit friends and relatives, decorate their houses, have a big dinner together, chat and give presents to each other.
Step 3 Analyzing article structureActivity 31. Teachers raise questions to guide students to analyze the chapter structure of this diary and think about how to describe the festival experience. (1)What should be included in the opening/body/closing paragraph(s)?(2)How did the writer arrange his/her ideas?(3)What kind of interesting details did the writer describe?(4)How did the writer describe his/her feelings/emotions during the event?2. Students read and compare the three sentence patterns in activity 2. Try to rewrite the first paragraph of the diary with these three sentence patterns. After that, students exchange corrections with their partners. Such as:●This was my first time spending three days experiencing the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and it was an enjoyable and exciting experience. ●I'll never forget my experience at the Naadam Festival because it was my first time to watch the exciting Mongolian games of horse racing, wrestling, and archery so closely. ●I'll always remember my first experience at the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region because it was so amazing to spend three days witnessing a grand Mongolian ceremony. Step 4 Accumulation of statementsActivity 41. Ask the students to read the diary again. Look for sentences that express feelings and emotions, especially those with the -ing form and the past participle. Such as:● …horse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch. ● some amazing performances● I was surprised to see…● I was a little worried about. . . ● feeling really tiredOther emotional statements:●I absolutely enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favourite part. ●I'm finally back home now, feeling really tired, but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it. ●He invited me back for the winter to stay in a traditional Mongolian tent and cat hot pot. I can’t wait!2. In addition to the use of the -ing form and the past participle, the teacher should guide the students in the appreciation of these statements, ask them to memorize them, and encourage them to use them reasonably in writing practice.
The topic of this part is “Describe a place with distinctive cultural identity”.This section focuses on Chinese culture by introducing Chinatown, whose purpose is to show the relationship between the Chinese culture and American culture. The Chinese culture in Chinatown is an important part of American culture. Chinatown is an important window of spreading Chinese culture and the spirit homeland of oversea Chinese, where foreigners can experience Chinese culture by themselves.Concretely, the title is “Welcome to Chinatown!”, from which we can know that the article aims at introducing Chinatown. The author used the “Introduction--Body Paragraph--Conclusion” to describe the people, language, architecture, business, famous food and drinks and people’s activities, which can be a centre for Chinese culture and shows its unique charm.1. Read quickly to get main idea; read carefully to get the detailed information.2. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.3. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.4. Learn to correct others’ writing.1. Learn the characteristics of writing and language.2. Learn to introduce your own town according to the text.Step 1 Lead in ---Small talkIn the reading part, we mentioned the Chinatown of San Francisco. How much do you know about Chinatown of San Francisco ?Chinatown is a main living place for Chinese immigrants, where you can see many Chinese-style buildings, costumes, operas, restaurants, music and even hear Chinese.Step 2 Before reading ---Predict the contentWhat is the writer’s purpose of writing this text ? How do you know ?From the title(Welcome to Chinatown) and some key words from the text(tourist, visit, visitors, experience), we can know the purpose of the text is to introduce Chinatown and show the relationship between Chinese culture and American culture.
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