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湖南省邵阳市2016年中考历史真题试题（含解析）
材料二经过春秋战国时期的诸侯争霸，到秦朝统一多民族国家的形成，以皇权为中心的中央集权制度建立起来．历经汉魏至明清，皇帝与宰相之间的权势此消彼长，中央与地方争权斗争接连不断，最终皇权不断强化，中央集权逐渐得到巩固．中央集权制度作为古代中国政治制度的突出特色，对中国历史产生了深渊影响．中国统一多民族国家的形成与发展，官僚政治与行政管理以至文化教育传统，无不与此有着密切的关系．﹣﹣摘编自人教版历史必修①（1）材料一中的示意图一、二分别反映了我国古代哪个朝代的专制主义中央集权制度？（2）根据材料二并结合所学知识，指出我国古代专制主义中央集权制度的发展趋势．（3）下列是王明同学正在制作额“我国古代专制主义中央集权制度的评价”表格，请不补充表格中的部分论据．并指出王明同学评价我国古代专制主义中央集权制度的方法．
湖南省岳阳市2016年中考历史真题试题（含解析）
材料一：封侯非我意，但愿海波平材料二：《清时期全图》（图1）材料三：从一定意义上说，一部中国近代史就是一部列强侵略中国的历史，更是一部列强从海上侵略中国并频频得手的历史．﹣《海权与近代史中国的历史命运》材料四：《中国第一艘航空母舰?辽宁舰》（图2）（1）材料一中，写下一豪迈诗句，并取得“海波平”最后胜利的民族英雄是？（2）根据材料二，为巩固海防，1684年清朝在图中A处设立的管理机构是什么？B处信息显示，清朝前期疆域的最南端包括了哪里？（3）材料三反映了中国近代有海无防.1840年，英国第一次从“海上侵略中国”并“得手”的战争是什么？为了捍卫中国的海上主权，在黄海战役中壮烈殉国的致远舰管带是谁？（4）新中国第一支海军部队成立于何时？综合材料三、四，中国海防力量从无到有，由弱到强的根本原因是什么？
湖北省黄冈市2017年中考历史真题试题（含解析）
材料一十八世纪，封建王朝统治下的法国是个农业国，但资本主义工商业已经有了很大的发展，资本主义的发展，要求冲破封建制度的束缚。1789年7月，法国大革命爆发。……十九世纪上半期，俄国资本主义已经有所发展。在欧洲工业革命的影响下，还出现了手工劳动逐步被机器生产取代的趋势。但俄国落后的农奴制限制了自由劳动力的供应和国内市场的开拓……1861年，沙皇亚历山大二世批准了废除农奴制的法令。﹣﹣摘编自《世界历史》九年级上册教材
山东省青岛市2016年中考历史真题试题（含解析）
21世纪是世界公认的海洋世纪．当我们沿着历史的轨迹追寻国家兴衰之道时，深深感到海洋对一个民族、国家的盛衰荣辱起着至关重要的作用．材料一宋朝，对外贸易量远远超过以往任何时候．当然，对外贸易迅速发展的基础，是中国前所未有的经济生产率．航海技术的改进﹣﹣其中包括指南针、带有可调中心垂直升降板的平底船，以及代替竹帆的布帆的使用，也很重要…因而，宋朝时的中国正朝成为一个海上强国的方向发展．﹣﹣（美）斯塔夫里阿诺斯《全球通史》材料二则哥伦布以后，有无数之哥伦布，继达?伽马之后，有无数之达?伽马．我则郑和之后，竟无第二之郑和，噫嘻！岂是郑君之罪也！﹣﹣梁启超《祖国大航海家郑和传》材料三东省（山东省）形势，以威海、胶州为要口，于海军屯泊尤宜．乃甲午一役，威海水陆之防，既毁于日本，而德因教案，曾以大队铁舰夺踞胶州湾，辟商埠，开铁路，浸窥腹地．东省海防，遂无所藉手（借助，凭借）云．﹣﹣《清史稿》
山东省潍坊市2016年中考历史真题试题（含解析）
材料一 孟子认为“大丈夫”是人生的最高目标，从理想人格的意义讲，孟子所谓的“大丈夫”具备四种重要的德行，“恻隐之心，人之端也；羞恶之心，又之端也；禅让之心，礼之端也，是非之心，智之端也．|”全力发展此“四端”，便会成为具有浩然之气的“大丈夫”．-----摘编自《中国通史》（1）材料一中，孟子认为“大丈夫”应具备怎样的道德规范？结合所学知识，简述孟子的政治理想．材料二 一位阿拉伯商人记述：两宋时期，信用券被广泛应用，富裕商人率先使用印制的纸币，极大地便利了商品的交换．中国商人把钱借给别人时会写下借条，借债人则在纸条上用食指和中指画押．他们主张以信接物，以义为利，市不二价，童叟无欺，不卖假货，不赚黑钱，不会乘人之危而半利．---摘编自《新全球史》（2）据材料二，概括指出宋代商人具有怎样的优秀品质？结合所学知识，概述宋代商业繁荣的主要表现．
湖南省张家界市2019年中考语文真题试题（含解析）
读书不能死章句，需要思考一个“活”字。李白在《嘲鲁儒》中说：“鲁叟谈五经，白发死章句。问以经济策，茫如坠烟雾。”诗人对那些夸夸其谈而没有真才实学的“鲁叟”进行了辛辣的嘲讽。这些人谈起五经头头是道，问起经世济民之策却茫然无知。他们拿腔拿调，架子十足，却死于章句，不知时变。陆游《冬夜读书示子聿》中的观点，则更加值得那些“鲁叟”们深思。他说“纸上得来终觉浅，绝知此事要躬行”，言词朴素，满含哲理，诗中提出的理论与实践相结合的观点，至今犹有现实意义。只有在实践中才能得真知、悟真谛，真正学有所获，学有所用。
2022年河南省中考英语真题（原卷版）
In the large yard stood thirteen trees ofdifferent sizes. One day, while Joey was playing with his sister under thetrees, he noticed that a tree trunk (树干) had a sad look. He raninto the house to tell his mom about it. She told Joey to find the reason whyit was sad.
2022年福建省中考英语真题（原卷版）
Thinking that her dream could never come true,Kelly was in low spirits and ____18____ her studies at school. Hermother did all she could to cheer her up, ____19____ Kelly refused tochange. She even took out all her anger and ____20____ on her mother.
2022年安徽省中考英语真题（原卷版）
During 1907-1909, British explorer EarnestShackleton explored Antarctica on foot. In 1911, two explorers—a British mannamed Scott and a Norwegian named Amundsen—raced 1, 400 kilometres to the SouthPole (南极).Amundsen arrived first.
2022年吉林省中考英语真题（原卷版）
Taiping nijiaojiao is made of the mudfrom the local mountain. It takes more than ten steps to make the clay toy, andthe key step is to knead (捏) it with your hands. You can knead the clay toyinto anything, like animals and plants. The blowhole is the most difficult partto make, for the size of the blowhole makes a difference to the sound. Whilecoloring, you can use traditional cultural elements (元素) thatcarry good meanings. It’s hard to make taipingnijiaojiao. But when you finally make it, you will feel proud of yourself.
2022年海南省中考英语真题（原卷版）
YangHongwei, 56, was born into a kite-making family in Weifang. When she was young,she often saw kites with bright colors and different shapes in hergrandfather’s workshop.
2022年河北省中考英语真题（原卷版）
As a boy, Kevin visited national parks and helearned the Earth is in ___12___ condition. He felt worried, and hewanted to ___13___ the Earth. In 2009, he went to swim in water nearNorth Pole（北极）todraw people’s attention to the melting glaciers（融化的冰川）.
2022年北京市中考英语真题（原卷版）
When itcomes to a meaningful life, we might think of love, happiness and health. Alife filled with meaning is what most of us want for ourselves. Then, whatmakes a meaningful life?Manyresearchers agree that a meaningful life comes down to three factors (因素): havinglong-term goals, believing that one’s life matters, and feeling that one’s lifefits together and “makes sense”.But we believe there is more to consider. Sometimeslife enables us to experience small moments of beauty. When people are open toappreciating (欣赏) suchexperiences, these moments may improve how they see their own life. We callthis experiential appreciation (EA).
2022年江苏省镇江市中考英语真题（原卷版）
The fantasticman-made “forest” is a Singapore landmark. It is made from steel and concrete(水泥) covered in localflowers and plants. At night, 18 solar-powered tree-like towers which get theirenergy from the sun often light up the city.
2022年江苏省宿迁市中考英语真题 （原卷版）
Theoil paper umbrella is a traditional Chinese handicraft（手工艺品）.It has a history of over 1,000 years in China．In early TangDynasty, it was introduced to Japan and Korea, so it was called the “TangUmbrella”. Later oil paper umbrellas were spread to other Asian countries, suchas Vietnam, Thailand and Laos, and each had its own style. However, assteel-ribbed（钢骨的）umbrellas appeared in the last century, thehand-made oil paper umbrellas became less used in daily life. They were turnedinto decorative artifacts（装饰性工艺品）.
2022年江苏省苏州市中考英语真题（原卷版）
We’re leaving Qinghai Station. The scenery alongthe way is some of the wildest in all of China. Keep your eyes open as we racethrough this beautiful land. You might see a rare Tibetan antelope（藏羚羊）fromyour window.
2022年江苏省连云港市中考英语真题（原卷版）
There was an old oak tree in the garden. Holly’sfather wanted to cut it down and build a new office there. Holly felt sad anddidn’t agree. She moved into the old tree house which was her favourite place in the world.One day, it rained all night.
2022年江苏省徐州市中考英语真题（原卷版）
Dudiscovered his interest in folding paper in his childhood. After Du went tocollege in 2017, he had enough time to take the hobby seriously. He learnedfolding from online teachers and experts. Later he copied patterns from books.He spent almost three years improving his basic skills by making copies ofother artists’ designs. Then he made his own creations.
2022年江苏省泰州市中考英语真题（原卷版）
Shuttlecock exercise doesnot require equipment(装备) and is perfect for people to perform at home.Liu Genghong helps you to keep going until the last minute, and you can burnyour fat fast.
2022年江苏省无锡市中考英语真题（原卷版）
Studying is not always the most interesting taskwithin your day, but it is a necessary one. Even though it is required,everyone has got bored at one time or another while studying.
