第二,《战国策》描写人物的性格和活动更加具体细致,也就更显得生动活泼。《左传》描写人物,大抵是简笔勾勒。第三,《战国策》所记的策士说辞,常常引用生动的寓言故事,这也是以文学手段帮助说理的方法。这些寓言,形象鲜明,寓意深刻,又浅显易懂,独立地看也是中国文学宝库中的璀璨明珠。疑难探究除了高超的语言艺术,邹忌劝谏成功还有哪些重要因素?除了高超的语言艺术,邹忌能劝谏成功,还有其他重要的因素。比如:这也与邹忌善于思考、分析的个性和他的担当、责任意识相关。邹忌关心国家大事,一心想寻找恰当时机劝谏齐王。他在生活中经历了“比美”经历,能够深入思考、分析,体察各人的情状心理,并敏锐地由个人体验联系到国家大事,想到齐王所受之蔽,于是果断地进行劝谏。这也离不开齐王广开言路的胸襟和果断行事的理政智慧。齐王听了邹忌的劝谏,马上“下令”,并且分上、中、下三种不同层面赏赐,立刻实施,表现出一位贤明君主的特点。
课件出示:少年时指青年时期,从辛弃疾的生平看,这时的他正处于金人统治区内,看到沦陷区的人们在异族的奴役之下,作为血气方刚的爱国青年,油然而生收复失地的报国之志。因而这时的愁情也是真实存在的,那就是对沦陷区人民的同情,对国土沦丧的耻辱感,这时的愁,更多的是一种渴望收复中原、建立不世功业的志愿和动力,是昂扬而充满激情的。2.深入思考,体会“愁”的含蓄之美(1)比较少年时登楼与而今登楼的目的有何不同?预设:少年时登楼,是为了登高望远,抒发自己的豪情壮志。而今登楼,是为了排遣内心的悲愤之情。(2)是什么原因使词人“欲说还休”?预设:统治者处处排挤、打击他,他处处受猜忌,所以有愁不敢说。更主要的原因是,一生抱负付之流水,鬓发苍苍,功业无成,而又没有知音,无人理解。这种孤独的愁情,跟谁诉说,说了又有什么用,这中间也包含着对南宋朝廷的无限失望。因为这种失望,所以辛弃疾“欲说还休”。
材料二:锦瑟无端五十弦,一弦一柱思华年。庄生晓梦迷蝴蝶,望帝春心托杜鹃。沧海月明珠有泪,蓝田日暖玉生烟。此情可待成追忆?只是当时已惘然。(李商隐《锦瑟》)相见时难别亦难,东风无力百花残。春蚕到死丝方尽,蜡炬成灰泪始干。晓镜但愁云鬓改,夜吟应觉月光寒。蓬山此去无多路,青鸟殷勤为探看。(李商隐《无题》)材料三:《十一月四日风雨大作》(其二)作于南宋光宗绍熙三年(1192)十一月四日。陆游自南宋孝宗淳熙十六年(1189)罢官后,闲居家乡山阴农村。当时诗人已经68岁,虽然年迈,但爱国热情丝毫未减,日夜惦念报效国家,可诗人收复国土的强烈愿望,在现实中已不可能实现,于是,在一个“风雨大作”的夜里,诗人触景生情,由情生思,在梦中实现了自己金戈铁马驰骋中原的愿望。死去元知万事空,但悲不见九州同。王师北定中原日,家祭无忘告乃翁。(陆游《示儿》)材料四:清朝同治四年(1865),谭嗣同出生于北京宣武城,其父谭继洵时任湖北巡抚。光绪元年(1875),谭嗣同10岁时,拜浏阳著名学者欧阳中鹄为师。
(1)示例一(横向联想) 李白的送别诗:①“思君不见下渝州”,表达依依惜别的无限情思,可谓语短情长。②“仍怜故乡水,万里送行舟”,意思是“我”还是怜爱故乡的水,流过万里送“我”远行。这一句运用了拟人的修辞手法,将故乡水拟人化,借写故乡水有情,不远万里,依依不舍送“我”远别故乡,表达了诗人离开故乡时依依不舍、思念故乡的感情。③“孤帆远影碧空尽,唯见长江天际流。”这两句看起来似乎是写景,但在写景中包含着一个充满诗意的细节。李白一直把朋友送上船,船已经扬帆而去,而他还在江边目送远去的船帆。李白望着帆影,一直看到帆影逐渐模糊,消失在碧空的尽头,可见目送时间之长。帆影已经消失了,然而李白还在翘首凝望,这才注意到一江春水,在浩浩荡荡地流向远远的水天交接之处。“唯见长江天际流”,是眼前景象,可是谁又能说是单纯地写景呢?李白对朋友的一片深情,李白的向往,不正体现在这富有诗意的神驰目注之中吗?诗人的心潮起伏,不正像那浩浩东去的一江春水吗?
三、品读,感悟词人情怀1.品读“醉”意设问1:再次默读词作。想一想:这首词是围绕哪一个字来写的?从哪些地方可以看出来?预设 “醉”字。表现:沉醉不知归路;误入藕花深处。设问2:词人因何而“醉”?预设 因美酒和美景而“醉”。设问3:除了美景、美酒,还有什么会让李清照“醉”?预设 还有词人和自己的伙伴在一起的那种美好情谊,对年轻时那些美好生活的回忆,都让她深深陶醉。师小结:李清照的“醉”既是酒醉更是陶醉。其实不管“兴”也好,“记”也罢,“醉”也好,还是“误”也好,作者是“字字如金”。因为“兴”所以“醉”,因为“醉”所以“误”,因为“醉”,所以常常记得。2.品字悟情设问1:如何理解两个“争渡”表达出的情感?预设 两个“争渡”,表现了主人公急于从迷途中找寻出路的焦灼心情。正是由于“争渡”,所以又“惊起一滩鸥鹭”,把停栖在沙洲上的水鸟都吓飞了。至此,词戛然而止,言尽而意未尽,耐人寻味。
二、初读,解读“早行”,感受意象的丰富1.寻读意象课件出示:诗人围绕“早行”一词,写了哪些典型特征的细节、景物?如何体现“早行”?学生自由诵读、思考交流。教师点拨:颔联十种景物的十个名词——鸡、声、茅、店、月、人、迹、板、桥、霜。一词一景,让我们获得广阔的想象空间,组成意韵丰富的画面。这就是古典诗歌的“意象叠加”法。预设:诗歌中处处体现“早行”,如“晨起动征铎”(清晨起床,车马铃声叮叮当当),“鸡声茅店月”(鸡鸣早看天),“人迹板桥霜”(莫道君行早,更有早行人),“枳花明驿墙”(“明”反衬“天暗”,说明“早”)。2.延读意象叠加的诗句课件出示:(1)枯藤老树昏鸦,小桥流水人家,古道西风瘦马。(马致远《天净沙·秋思》)(2)楼船夜雪瓜洲渡,铁马秋风大散关。(陆游《书愤》)(3)细草微风岸,危樯独夜舟。(杜甫《旅夜抒怀》)(4)桃李春风一杯酒,江湖夜雨十年灯。(黄庭坚《寄黄几复》)
预设 反映了海边农村残破、荒凉的景象,表现了作者对下层人民的深切同情。【设计意图】“三分诗七分读”,学生反复诵读,与文本对话,感知诗歌的韵律和节奏,读出情味,为理解诗歌情感做铺垫。三、品读诗歌,含英咀华师:请同学们仔细品读这首诗,思考以下问题。设问1:曹植在海边看到了怎样的情景?预设 民不聊生,破败荒凉。其中,“寄身”三句,从生活环境、生活艰难和居住环境三个方面实写“边海民”的悲惨生活。海民寄身于“草野”,过着非人的生活,生吞活剥,巢息穴居,所以说“象禽兽”;他们不敢出来,怕被人发现、抓走,每天就钻在山林里边,所以说“行止依林阻”。一个“依”字把难民们的实际活动和恐惧心理都表现出来了。“狐兔翔我宇”一句通过对狐狸、兔子的描写,侧面描绘出海边贫民家庭条件的恶劣以及家园的破败。全诗正面描写与侧面烘托相结合,使海边贫民悲惨的生活图景跃然纸上。设问2:诗中哪一句最能体现作者的情感?
导语:端午节国旗下讲话稿怎么写?以下是小编精心为大家整理的关于端午节国旗下讲话稿的范文,希望对大家有所帮助,欢迎阅读。端午节国旗下讲话稿篇1 老师们,同学们:大家早上好!我今天国旗下讲话的题目是:端午节之屈原战国时代,楚秦争夺霸权,诗人屈原很受楚王器重,然而屈原的主张遭到上官大夫靳尚为首的守旧派的反对,不断在楚怀王的面前诋毁屈原,楚怀王渐渐疏远了屈原,有着远大抱负的屈原倍感痛心,他怀着难以抑制的忧郁悲愤,写出了《离骚》、《天问》等不朽诗篇。公无前229年,秦国攻占了楚国八座城池,接着又派使臣请楚怀王去秦国议和。屈原看破了秦王的阴谋,冒死进宫陈述利害,楚怀王不但不听,反而将屈原逐出郢都。楚怀王如期赴会,一到秦国就被囚禁起来,楚怀王悔恨交加,忧郁成疾,三年后客死于秦国。楚顷衰王即位不久,秦王又派兵攻打楚国,顷衰王仓惶撤离京城,秦兵攻占郢城。屈原在流放途中,接连听到楚怀王客死和郢城攻破的噩耗后,万念俱灰,仰天长叹一声,投入了滚滚激流的汩罗江。
最主要的是我们能在这里得到锻炼,在这里学会如何协作,如何组织,如何为人处世,如何发挥才能,为以后成就自己的事业打下坚实的基础。同时我也清楚,加入了这样一个严肃而团结的人才聚集地,自己要拥有较强的约束力,有一种起标杆作用的心态。要心胸宽广,努力奋进,勤俭节约,要与同学们团结协作,同甘共苦。积极参加学院组织的各项活动,如同即将要举行的感恩十月晚会,它秀出每个学生火红的心,让我们懂得感恩,懂得什么是爱。我们要用心去做每一件事,用心融入学院精心组织的文明教室活动月,把我们学习的地方染成一片友爱文明的绿色。众人划桨开大船,学院的建设需要所有人的共同努力,此刻,我还是要说一句大家最熟悉的话,团结就是力量。人说,大学就是半个社会,我想,大学应该有的是与社会一样大的发展空间,要摒弃社会中黑暗的一面。尽到我们为学院奉献为同学服务的职责,与同学们为友,永往直前。这也是我们每个学团组织的工作理念。相信大家也会有所感触,当我们的责任心被挖掘,被分配,并且有所收获时,那将是一种莫大的荣誉感。这是我的亲身体会,也请你不防一试。
最主要的是我们能在这里得到锻炼,在这里学会如何协作,如何组织,如何为人处世,如何发挥才能,为以后成就自己的事业打下坚实的基础。同时我也清楚,加入了这样一个严肃而团结的人才聚集地,自己要拥有较强的约束力,有一种起标杆作用的心态。要心胸宽广,努力奋进,勤俭节约,要与同学们团结协作,同甘共苦。积极参加学院组织的各项活动,如同即将要举行的感恩十月晚会,它秀出每个学生火红的心,让我们懂得感恩,懂得什么是爱。我们要用心去做每一件事,用心融入学院精心组织的文明教室活动月,把我们学习的地方染成一片友爱文明的绿色。众人划桨开大船,学院的建设需要所有人的共同努力,此刻,我还是要说一句大家最熟悉的话,团结就是力量。人说,大学就是半个社会,我想,大学应该有的是与社会一样大的发展空间,要摒弃社会中黑暗的一面。尽到我们为学院奉献为同学服务的职责,与同学们为友,永往直前。这也是我们每个学团组织的工作理念。相信大家也会有所感触,当我们的责任心被挖掘,被分配,并且有所收获时,那将是一种莫大的荣誉感。这是我的亲身体会,也请你不防一试。
(2)比赛过程中演讲者要注意以下几个方面:①表达技巧方面:要观点鲜明,适当使用一些表明个人倾向的词句;要重点突出、层次分明,恰当使用关联词和修辞手法;要与听众沟通、交流,营造气氛;要少用或不用生僻词语、专业术语,多用短句,适当重复。②发音方面:音量适中、自然、有变化,吐字清楚,读音准确,使用重音强调重点,表达感情。③体态语方面:双眼平视前方,与观众进行目光交流;姿势放松,体态自然,做到落落大方、从容自信;根据需要辅以手势,但不宜频繁、夸张。而听众要认真倾听,保持安静。(3)比赛最后,根据评分给参赛者颁奖。
(1)了解故事的起因、经过、结果,感受神话中的人物形象。这是本单元的语文要素,引导学生体会神话永久的魅力,人类神话时代飞腾的幻想。引导学生通过对课文的整体把握,和对重点词句的理解,感受到古代神话故事中人物形象,性格特点。能引导学生根据想象描写人物,感受神话故事中人物的神奇。盘古雄伟、高大的形象;精卫的坚强不屈、坚韧不拔的性格;普罗米修斯的勇敢与献身精神;女娲的勇敢、善良的品质,跃然在纸上,展现在我们面前。教学时注意引导学生发现神话故事的特点,感受神话的神奇。
1. Ss look at the picture and scan the passage to understand the main idea while teacher is giving the following questions to inspire Ss to think.*Where are those people?*What are they doing?*Why are they so excited?2. Ss complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form. Then discuss and check the answers with class.Answers: boring, interesting, taking, exciting, amazing3. The teacher raises questions for the students to discuss and encourages them to express their opinions.*Do you like La Tomatina? Why or why not?4. Each group representative reports the discussion result, the teacher gives feedback and the evaluation.Step 6 PracticeActivity 41. Ss complete the Ex 2 in Using structures.2. Check the answers after finishing the exercises.①The dragon boat races are the most exciting part of the Dragon Boat Festival.② The children were excited to go Easter egg hunting.③What an amazing performance! This is the best music festival I have ever been to.④We were amazed by her funny-looking hat.⑤His inspiring speech at the conference won the admiration/ favour of the audience.⑥This is a challenging game to test your memory and observation capabilities. 3. T asks Ss to finish Ex 3 and 4 in Using structures by themselves, then check the answers with class.Step 6 Homework1. Understand and master the functions and usage of the -ing form;2. Finish the other exercises in Using structures.1、通过本节内容学习,学生是否理解和掌握动词-ing形式作定语和表语的功能和意义;2、通过本节内容学习,学生能否在理解文段内容的基础上,根据上下文语境和表达逻辑,能正确运用动词-ing形式描述节日庆典。3、通过本节内容学习,学生是否归纳和积累用于表达情绪的相关词汇。
本板块的活动主题是“谈论节日活动”(Talk about festival activities),主要是从贴近学生日常生活的角度来切入“节日”主题。学生会听到发生在三个国家不同节日场景下的简短对话,对话中的人们正在参与或将要亲历不同的庆祝活动。随着全球化的进程加速,国际交流日益频繁,无论是国人走出国门还是外国友人访问中国,都已成为司空见惯的事情。因此,该板块所选取的三个典型节日场景都是属于跨文化交际语境,不仅每组对话中的人物来自不同的文化背景,对话者的身份和关系也不尽相同。1. Master the new words related to holiday: the lantern, Carnival, costume, dress(sb)up, march, congratulation, congratulate, riddle, ceremony, samba, make - up, after all. 2. To understand the origin of major world festivals and the activities held to celebrate them and the significance of these activities;3. Improve listening comprehension and oral expression of the topic by listening and talking about traditional festivals around the world;4. Improve my understanding of the topic by watching pictures and videos about different traditional festivals around the world;5. Review the common assimilation phenomenon in English phonetics, can distinguish the assimilated phonemes in the natural language flow, and consciously use the assimilation skill in oral expression. Importance:1. Guide students to pay attention to the attitude of the speaker in the process of listening, and identify the relationship between the characters;2. Inspire students to use topic words to describe the festival activities based on their background knowledge. Difficulties:In the process of listening to the correct understanding of the speaker's attitude, accurately identify the relationship between the characters.
*wide range of origins(= a great number of different origins, many kinds of origins)*It featured a parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports. (=A parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports were included as important parts of the Egyptian harvest festival.)*.. some traditions may fade away and others may be established.(= Some traditions may disappear gradually, while other new traditions may come into being.)Step 6 Practice(1) Listen and follow the tape.The teacher may remind the students to pay attention to the meaning and usage of the black words in the context, so as to prepare for the completion of the blanks in activity 5 and vocabulary exercises in the exercise book.(2) Students complete the text of activity 5 by themselves.The teacher needs to remind the students to fill in the blanks with the correct form of the vocabulary they have learned in the text.Students exchange their answers with their partners, and then teachers and students check their answers.(3)Finish the Ex in Activity 5 of students’ book.Step 7 Homework1. Read the text again, in-depth understanding of the text;2. Discuss the origin of festivals, the historical changes of related customs, the influence of commercial society on festivals and the connotation and essential meaning of festivals.3. Complete relevant exercises in the guide plan.1、通过本节内容学习,学生是否理解和掌握阅读文本中的新词汇的意义与用法;2、通过本节内容学习,学生能否结合文本特点快速而准确地找到主题句;3、通过本节内容学习,学生能否理清论说文的语篇结构和文本逻辑,了解节日风俗发展与变迁,感悟节日的内涵与意义。
The joke set her crying.这个玩笑使她哭起来。Step 5 ReadingActivity 31. Students read the small text in activity 3. The teacher provides several small questions to check whether students understand the content of the text and the ideographic function of the -ing form in the text.*Where are those people?*Why did Dr Bethune come to China?*How did he help the Chinese people during the war?*What did Chairman Mao Zedong say about him?2. Ss try to rewrite some sentences using the -ing form. Then check the answers. When checking the answers, the teacher can ask different students to read the rewritten sentences and give comments.Answers:1. he became very interested in medicine, deciding to become a doctor.2. …after hearing that many people were dying in the war.3. Helping to organise hospitals, he taught doctors and nurses, and showed people how to give first aid./ He helped to organise hospitals, teaching doctors and nurses, and showing people how to give first aid.4. …praising Dr Bethune as a hero to be remembered in China.Step 6 PracticeActivity 4Students complete grammar activities 2 and 3 on page 69 of the workbook.Step 6 Homework1. Understand and master the functions and usage of the -ing form;2. Finish the other exercises in Using structures.1、通过本节内容学习,学生是否理解和掌握动词-ing形式作宾语补足语语和状语语的功能和意义;2、通过本节内容学习,学生能否正确使用动词-ing形式描述人物的行为、动作及其经历;3、通过本节内容学习,学生能否独立完成练习册和导学案中的相关练习。
(2) students are divided into groups according to the requirements of activity 3. Each student shares a story of personal experience or hearing-witnessing kindness, and then selects the most touching story in the group and shares it with the whole class. Before the students share the story, the teacher can instruct them to use the words and sentence patterns in the box to express. For example, the words in the box can be classified:Time order: first of all, then, after that, later, finally logical relationship :so, however, although, butTeachers can also appropriately add some transitional language to enrich students' expression:Afterwards, afterwards, at last, in the end, eventuallySpatial order: next to, far from, on the left, in front ofOtherwise, nevertheless, as a result, therefore, furthermore, in addition, as well asSummary: in a word, in short, on the whole, to sum up, in briefStep 8 Homework1. Understand the definition of "moral dilemma" and establish a correct moral view;2. Accumulate vocabulary about attitudes and emotions in listening texts and use them to express your own views;3. Complete relevant exercises in the guide plan.1、通过本节内容学习,学生能否理解理解“道德困境”的定义;2、通过本节内容学习,学生能否通过说话人所表达的内容、说话的语气、语调等来判断其态度和情绪;3、通过本节内容学习,学生能否针对具体的道德困境发表自己的看法和见解,能否掌握听力理训练中的听力策略。
The price is the same as(the price was)before the war.价格与战前相同。(4)定语从句中的“关系代词+助动词be”可以省略。The ticket(that/which was)booked by his sister has been sent to him.他妹妹订的那张票已送到了他那里。Step 5 PracticeActivity 3(1) Guide students to complete the four activities in the Using Structures part of exercise book, in which activities 1 and 2 focus on ellipsis in dialogue answers, activity 3 focus on signs and headlines, two typical situations where ellipsis is used, and activity 4 focus on ellipsis in diary, an informal style.(2) Combine the examples in the above activities, ask students to summarize the omitted situations in groups, and make their own summary into a poster, and post it on the class wall after class to share with the class.(This step should give full play to the subjectivity of students, and teachers should encourage students to conclude different ellipsis phenomena according to their own understanding, they can conclude according to the different parts omitted in the sentence.)Step 6 Homework1. Understand and master the usages of ellipsis;2. Finish the other exercises in Using structures of Workbook.1、通过本节内容学习,学生是否理解和掌握省略的用法;2、通过本节内容学习,学生能否根据上下文语境或情景恢复句子中省略的成分,体会使用省略的效果;3、通过本节内容学习,学生能否独立完成练习册和导学案中的相关练习。
(2)Consolidate key vocabulary.Ask the students to complete the exercises of activity 6 by themselves. Then ask them to check the answers with their partners.(The first language:Damage of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and fire.A second language: Yunnan - one of the most diverse provinces in China).Step 5 Language points1. The teacher asks the students to read the text carefully, find out the more words and long and difficult sentences in the text and draw lines, understand the use of vocabulary, and analyze the structure of long and difficult sentences.2. The teacher explains and summarizes the usage of core vocabulary and asks the students to take notes.3. The teacher analyzes and explains the long and difficult sentences that the students don't understand, so that the students can understand them better.Step 6 Homework1. Read the text again, in-depth understanding of the text;2. Master the use of core vocabulary and understand the long and difficult sentences.3. Complete relevant exercises in the guide plan.1、通过本节内容学习,学生是否理解和掌握阅读文本中的新词汇的意义与用法;2、通过本节内容学习,学生能否结合文本特点了解文章的结构和作者的写作逻辑;3、通过本节内容学习,学生能否了解旧金山的城市风貌、文化特色,以及加利福尼亚州的历史,体会多元文化对美国的影响。
Activity 81.Grasp the main idea of the listening.Listen to the tape and answer the following questions:Who are the two speakers in the listening? What is their relationship?What is the main idea of the first part of the listening? How about the second part?2.Complete the passage.Ask the students to quickly review the summaries of the two listening materials in activity 2. Then play the recording for the second time.Ask them to complete the passage and fill in the blanks.3.Play the recording again and ask the students to use the structure diagram to comb the information structure in the listening.(While listening, take notes. Capture key information quickly and accurately.)Step 8 Talking Activity 91.Focus on the listening text.Listen to the students and listen to the tape. Let them understand the attitudes of Wu Yue and Justin in the conversation.How does Wu Yue feel about Chinese minority cultures?What does Justin think of the Miao and Dong cultures?How do you know that?2.learn functional items that express concerns.Ask students to focus on the expressions listed in activity. 3.And try to analyze the meaning they convey, including praise (Super!).Agree (Exactly!)"(You're kidding.!)Tell me more about it. Tell me more about it.For example, "Yeah Sure." "Definitely!" "Certainly!" "No kidding!" "No wonder!" and so on.4.Ask the students to have conversations in small groups, acting as Jsim and his friends.Justin shares his travels in Guizhou with friends and his thoughts;Justin's friends should give appropriate feedback, express their interest in relevant information, and ask for information when necessary.In order to enrich the dialogue, teachers can expand and supplement the introduction of Miao, dong, Lusheng and Dong Dage.After the group practice, the teacher can choose several groups of students to show, and let the rest of the students listen carefully, after listening to the best performance of the group, and give at least two reasons.
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