(一)例题引入篮球联赛中,每场比赛都要分出胜负,每队胜1场得2分,负1场得1分。某队在10场比赛中得到16分,那么这个队胜负场数分别是多少?方法一:(利用之前的知识,学生自己列出并求解)解:设剩X场,则负(10-X)场。方程:2X+(10-X)=16方法二:(老师带领学生一起列出方程组)解:设胜X场,负Y场。根据:胜的场数+负的场数=总场数 胜场积分+负场积分=总积分得到:X+Y=10 2X+Y=16
导语在必修第一册中,我们研究了函数的单调性,并利用函数单调性等知识,定性的研究了一次函数、指数函数、对数函数增长速度的差异,知道“对数增长” 是越来越慢的,“指数爆炸” 比“直线上升” 快得多,进一步的能否精确定量的刻画变化速度的快慢呢,下面我们就来研究这个问题。新知探究问题1 高台跳水运动员的速度高台跳水运动中,运动员在运动过程中的重心相对于水面的高度h(单位:m)与起跳后的时间t(单位:s)存在函数关系h(t)=-4.9t2+4.8t+11.如何描述用运动员从起跳到入水的过程中运动的快慢程度呢?直觉告诉我们,运动员从起跳到入水的过程中,在上升阶段运动的越来越慢,在下降阶段运动的越来越快,我们可以把整个运动时间段分成许多小段,用运动员在每段时间内的平均速度v ?近似的描述它的运动状态。
1、让学生仔细观察,练习二十二1题图,你看到了什么?生:举手自由口答。2、师:根据这些信息,你能提出什么问题?板书学生提出问题在此基础上,师生重点解决问题3、小黑板出数统计表、统计图(1)学生在树上独立完成(2)上台展示并回答问题(3)师质疑:你还能提出哪些问题?[设计意图]:通过统计停车场每种车的数量,把解决问题和统计知识综合进来,巩固所学统计知识和解决问题,体验怎样收集信息。二、生活应用1、出示97页2题(1)同桌观察理解(2)独立在书上完成2、互相纠错评价,教师巡视辅导。3、质疑:你还能提出什么问题?[设计意图]:让学生通过数“正”字来收集信息。三、开放实践1、p97页3题4题(1)学生以小组为单位展开讨论统计。(1、2、3组做3题,4、5、6组做4题)(2)展示师生互评[设计意图]:让学生发挥主体性去调查收集数据,根据自己的能力提出并回答一些问题。
The themes of this part are “Talk about how to become an astronaut” and “Talk about life in space”. As Neil Armstrong said “Mystery creates wonder and wonder is the basis of man’s desire to understand. Space is difficult for human to reach, therefore, humans are full of wonders about it. However, if wanting to achieve the dream of reaching the Moon, some of our human should work hard to be an astronaut at first. Part A(Talk about how to become an astronaut) is a radio interview in a radio studio, where the host asked the Chinese astronauts about his story how to become an astronaut. Yang Liwei told his dreamed to be an astronaut since childhood. Then he worked hard to get into college at 22. The next 10 years, he gradually became an experienced pilot. At the same time, to be an astronaut, he had to study hard English, science and astronomy and trained hard to keep in good physical and mental health and to practise using space equipment. Part B (Talk about life in space) is also an interview with the astronaut Brown, who is back on the earth. The host Max asked about his space life, such as his emotion about going back the earth, the eating, shower, brushing, hobbies and his work. Part A and Part B are interviews. So expressing curiosity about the guests’ past life is a communicative skill, which students should be guided to learn.1. Students can get detailed information about how Yang Liwei became an astronaut and Max’s space life.2. Students learn to proper listening strategy to get detailed information---listening for numbers and taking notes.3. Students can learn related sentences or phrases to express their curiosity like “ I wish to know...” “I’d love to know...”4. Students can learn more about the space and astronauts, even be interested in working hard to be an astronaut
The theme of this unit focuses on “space exploration.” Students will learn about the training and experience needed to become an astronaut. The text is mainly about the development of space exploration. On the one hand, the text helps students to have a good understanding about the great feats humans have achieved, on the other hand, they will further understand the contributions that we Chinese have achieved, and feel confident and proud about our homeland and strengthen their love for our country. The teacher should instruct students to aim high and study harder to make great progress in the space career if possible.1. Read about the development and value of space exploration.2. Explore the mysteries of the universe and the achievements in space exploration.3. Skillfully use the vocabulary of this text to cultivate self-study ability 4. Develop cooperative learning ability through discussion.1. Enable the Ss to talk about the development and value of space exploration.2. Guide the Ss to summarize the main idea of each paragraph as well as the main idea of the text.3. Help Ss comprehend the main reasons for space exploration. Multi-media, textbook, notebooks.Step 1: Warming up and predictionLook at the title and the pictures of the text and predict what the text will be about?2. What are the main reasons for space exploration?
⑦在我看来, 探索太空是值得的。As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space.Step 10 Writing---draftRecently, students in our class have had heated a discussion on whether space is worth exploring. Students hold different ideas about it.30% of us think space exploration is not worthwhile. They think space is too far away from us and our daily life and is a waste of money. And the money spent on space exploration can be used to solve the earth’s problems such as starvation and pollution.On the other hand,70% think space is worth exploring because we have benefited a lot from it,such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast. What’s more,with further space research,we may solve the population problem by moving to other planets one day. Also,space research will enable us to find new sources to solve the problem of energy shortages on the earth.As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space. Not only can it promote the development of society but also enrich our life. Step 11 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1.Does the writer explain why he/she changed/wanted to change?2.Does the writer tell how the changes have improved or will improve his/her life?3.Is the text well-organised?4.Does the writer use words and expressions to show similarities and differences?5.Are there any grammar or spelling errors?6.Does the writer use correct punctuation?
? Could you offer me some kind of work here?? I don’t want your charity, I just want an honest job.? Careless: I landed in Britain by accident.Step 7:Consolidation.? Find Henry? Roderick and Oliver were I .making a bet when they saw Henry, a poor young man. ? Know Henry? About a month ago, Henry was sailing and later he found himself carried out to sea by a strong wind. Fortunately, he 2.was spotted by a ship. And it was the ship that brought him to 3.England? Offer money to Henry ? Oliver and Roderick gave Henry a letter and told him that there was money in it. They 4.persuaded him to accept it, and made him 5.promise that it wouldn't be opened until 2 o'clock.Step 8:Language pointsa large amount of: a large quantity of; a great deal ofe.g. They bought a large amount of furniture before they moved their new house.make a bet: make an arrangement to risk money, etc. on an event of which the result is doubtful.e.g. We made a bet on the result of the match.permit sb to do something: allow somebody to do somethinge.g. My mother doesn’t permit me to ride in the street after it rained.by accident: as a result of chancee.g. I only found it by accident.stare at: look at somebody or something with the eyes wide open in a fixed gaze( in astonishment, wonder, fear, etc)to be honest: to tell you the truth; to be franke.g. To be honest, I don’t think we have a chance of winning.Step7 Homework:What do you think will happen to Henry? Will the bank-note help him or get him into trouble?
2. 您能看到, 我头发太长了。You can see that my hair is much too long.3. 无论什么时候, 只要您想回来就回来。Please come back whenever you want.4. 您仅有很少的头发要理! You only have too little hair to cut !5. 为您服务是我的荣幸!It is my honour to serve you!Step 9 Writing(Henry is walking down the street when he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to have it cut. )H=Henry B=BarberH: Good afternoon, I’d like to have my hair cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry’s hair and continues cutting another man’s hair. ) Er, I’d really like a haircut. As you can see it’s much too long. B: (in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H: Fine, well, I’ll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber’s chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B: It’s quite expensive here, you know! Are you sure you can afford it?H: Yes. I think so. (After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B: Why Mr. . . (looks shocked)H: Adams. Henry Adams. I’m sorry. I don’t have any change. B: Please don’t worry! (wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about! Nothing at all! Please come back whenever you want, even if you only have too little hair to cut! It will be my honour to serve you!Step 10 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Are all the elements of a play included and in good order ?2. Do the character use suitable language ?3. Are the stage directions clear and useful ?4. Is the plot clear and exciting enough ?
(设计意图:让学生充分表述自己的想法,强化学生的应用意识,培养学生解决实际问题的能力。从中发现可能性会随着数量的变化而变化的。)(四)归纳总结,完善认知1、学生汇报学习所得。(使学生体验探索成功的喜悦)2、教师评价学习态度。(让学生感受学习数学我能行)五、板书科学设计简单明了,重点突出,加深对所学知识的理解和掌握。通过以上创新处理,营造宽松的学习氛围,为学生创造联想猜测、动手操作、合作交流、自主探究、解决问题的机会,使学生在“自主——合作——探究”的学习过程中,体验数学探索成功的喜悦,体会到数学课堂充满生命的活力。以上是我对本节课的一些设想,还有待于在实践中去完善,如有不当之处,敬请各位专家评委给予批评和指正。
(3)补充题:2008年的奥运会在北京举行,小明的爸爸决定去北京观看一些比赛项目,为中国健儿加油。如果坐汽车,每小时行使60千米,4小时可以多少千米?如果坐火车,火车的速度是汽车的2倍,同样的时间可以行使多少千米?这题的第2个问题中蕴含着两种解题思路,让学生说一说、比一比。一种是根据速度×时间=路程的数量关系,先算出变化了的那个因数是多少,再求积。另一种是根据一个因数不变,另一个因数乘以几,原来的积也乘以几解决问题。两种方法得出的积相同,使学生体会积的变化规律是客观存在的普遍规律。『设计理念』在层次分明,形式多样的练习中,通过让学生想一想、填一填、说一说,使学生在规律的应用中逐步加深对积的变化规律的理解。
一、说教材《四季之美》是人教版五年级上册第七单元的一篇文章。这篇文章按照时间顺序描写了春、夏、秋、冬不同季节的不同的美,表达出作者的喜爱之情。二、说目标基于对教材的理解,结合本组课文的训练意图和学生的实际情况,我制定了以下教学目标:1.会认“窠、旷”等6个生字,会写“黎、晕”等9个生字,会写“黎明、红晕、彩云”等词语。2.正确流利地朗读课文,背诵课文,体会作者笔下四季之美的独特韵味。3.学习本文按照时间顺序描写的写作方法。三、说教学重点、难点根据教学目标,和课本内容,我确定了本课的重、难点为:体会作者笔下四季之美的独特韵味;学习本文按照时间顺序描写的写作方法。引导学生抓住重点词句,解决重点,突破难点。
第二首是中国歌曲《龙咚锵》,欣赏后师生共同讨论下我国过年的习俗,然后在《堆雪人》伴奏的背景音乐下,观看中国过年时的各种场景【白板播放歌曲拖拉图片】这部分环节的设计是让学生初步感受不同地域的音乐风格和音乐所表达的“过新年”热闹氛围,了解过年的风俗,在音乐学习中受到节日文化的熏陶,感受音乐与生活、与自然的关系。最后播放《堆雪人》视频,【白板播放歌曲视频】学生在《堆雪人》的音乐声中,在亲身制作的贺年卡上,贴上雪花窗花贴纸,作为新年的礼物送给父母。感恩父母感受生活的幸福,同时《堆雪人》这首歌曲的旋律也贯穿了整节音乐课。本次是我把电子白板运用到音乐教学中的初次尝试,在制作与操作的过程中明显还不够熟练,有待提高。请在座的各位领导老师们多提宝贵意见,谢谢大家。
通过这种方法,一步一步,由浅入深的让学生感受、体验、表现,在增加喜庆气氛的同时感受朝鲜舞的特点,进而使学生对朝鲜族的音乐风格有了一定的了解。《苹果丰收》歌曲速度很快,能够轻松地咬字、吐字,清晰的表达歌曲内容是本课的另一个重点。因此,我重新录制了音乐,学习的过程中我随时根据学生的学习情况改变音乐的速度,在歌曲学会后再逐渐加快速度,这样使学生学起来轻松了许多。然后,我又以歌中的一句为例,让学生看着又红又大的苹果做吃苹果时的样子和甜滋滋的表情,让学生就带着这样的感受来唱“一个个苹果惹人爱,惹呀么惹人爱”一句,我在此处进行声音和情感的处理,达到满意后再延伸到整首歌曲,最后达到从音乐中体验苹果丰收带来的快乐,用热情饱满的情绪、流畅的演唱歌曲,表现朝鲜族人民喜获苹果丰收时的喜悦之情的教学目标。本课教学设计之不足之处,将在进一步的教学实践中改进。
5找出下滑音记号 6复唱歌谱 7 教唱歌曲 8分析歌曲 9歌曲结尾重点唱 10跟随伴奏完整唱一遍 11变换演唱方式 12请学生有感情的演唱, 教师及时给予鼓励. (三).知识拓展 1、导言 进入了21世纪不少作曲谱写了很多少年儿童立志歌曲,其中在512汶川大地震英雄少年表彰晚会上会上的创作的歌曲《英雄少年》最为激人奋进 2、聆听《英雄少年》 课堂小结: 通过这节课的学习,希望同学们要像歌里唱的 一样要做勇敢的雄鹰,不畏风雨,勇往直前(四)歌声中结束: 本课的设计,力求体现以人为本的思想,着眼于学生的主动发展,通过充分的音乐实践培养学生的能力,提高音乐素养。多媒体的教学手段,为课堂带来了活力,注入了生机,弥补了教学中单一的教学方法,给了学生以直观的美感享受。
(3)播放第三部分。重点引导学生从笛子和云锣的演奏中展开丰富想象. 帮助学生养成从“音乐”的角度分析作品的习惯。(4)第四部分的聆听由于与第一部分较为相似,我主要通过音乐速度的变化启发学生感受音乐的变化。3、完整复听 拓展延伸为了使学生对乐曲对民族管弦乐队有更深入的印象,我借助录象,请学生边听边看,并牵引出民族管弦乐队的演出空间布局。随后要求学生即兴对照画面,把全班分为四组按照四种民族乐器分类模仿管弦乐队演出样式,随《丰收锣鼓》音乐徒手演奏。不仅能有效激发孩子对民族音乐的兴趣,同时也进一步复习巩固了民族乐器的四个分类。把音乐课堂推向了高潮。最后一个环节就是小结部分,请学生回去后搜集相关的民乐资料,使学生通过本课的学习更加关注民族音乐。
让学生自主的用各种自己喜欢的打击乐器来拍打节奏,感受节奏的活泼欢快。(节奏示范)通过让同学们自选自己喜欢的打击乐器来拍打节奏可以激发学生们对节奏学习的积极性,从而让枯燥的节奏练习变的更加生动,我还会给学生分组并合作拍打节奏。感受不同的打击乐器给节奏增添的色彩。(3)歌曲的优美在学生能够完整的哼唱旋律和拍打节奏之后,我会引导学生自主的将旋律和歌词相结合的演唱出来,我谈伴奏。(完整歌曲示范)通过三遍又慢到快的练习,学生基本能够完整的演唱歌曲。在三遍的练习过程中学生可以明显感受到自己在歌唱方面的进步。从而更好地激发学生的歌唱兴趣以及自主学习歌唱的能力。这首曲子的歌唱顺序是需要学生特别注意的,其中有反复记号D.C. 我会带领学生一起学习这个反复记号的意思是从头反复到Fine处结束。在学生掌握反复记号之后,再次带领学生以正确的演唱顺序来进行歌曲的演唱。
在这一环节里我设计了让学生们利用高位置的声音轻声朗诵歌词,来理解歌词内容及其主题思想,便于他们在演唱时把握感情表达的分寸。 第六环节是拓展部分,主要是让学生们在《晚风》的旋律中了解一些有关俄罗斯的人土风情,拓展学生的视野。其实对唱好合唱来说,有一个好的“音乐的耳朵”是非常重要的。合唱讲究的是一个整体的合作,只有相互地倾听,求得准确和谐,才能保证合唱的成功。同时合唱时的音准务求准确,这样才能在大家的努力下,共同创造出优美动听的和声,所以每个人对自己所发出的声音,要做到“心”里有数,而这种感觉的建立,有很大一部分依赖于“音乐的耳朵”,要唱得好,首先要听得好。在平时的课堂教学中,要让学生多听,听录音、听教师范唱、听琴弹奏、听学生唱,在多听中培养自己音乐的耳朵。
我找了几名音准较好的学生来学习低声部的旋律,然后再把两声部合起来,音准较好的学生和我来扮演小树演唱低声部,大部分学生扮演蓝天演唱高声部。注意结束句的气息控制,指导学生用循环呼吸。这样,从先唱谱再唱词;先唱高声部,再两声部合唱。由简到难,逐步地演唱歌曲。降低了学生学习二声部歌曲的难度,也提高了课堂的时效性。4 表现歌曲引导学生边打拍子边分角色有感情的演唱歌曲,感受三拍子的音乐特点,进而唱出歌曲三拍子的流畅性和歌曲的情绪。使学生对歌曲更加熟悉。 (还可以加动作表演歌曲 )5 拓展延伸引发学生思考:我要怎样长大?从而激发学生在成长的路上要努力学习/不怕困难等。6课堂小结最后的小结,我让学生在音乐声中把自己的愿望都写在了卡片上,激励他们去为了自己的理想好好学习,努力奋斗,使歌曲的情感得到了升华。
5、好多同学听到了一些声音,大家再认真听一遍,看还能听出什么声音来。[这个环节是本课重点,刚开始老师引导听,为了不让学生感到枯燥,我特别找了渔舟唱晚的影像资料,结合乐曲欣赏,也能让学生更直观的认知乐曲。最后的复听让学生在主题变换处给老师作出提示手势,增加了互动,也能让学生更好地掌握这首乐曲的结构。](五)拓展延伸 (约6分钟)1、简单介绍民族乐曲在国际上的影响,使学生对民族音乐有自豪感觉,培养学生热爱民族音乐,热爱祖国文化。同学们给的主题提示非常到位,说明我们已经抓住了乐曲的灵魂。《渔舟唱晚》是我国民族音乐殿堂中一颗璀璨的明珠,中国对外文化协会将此曲作为我国民族音乐的代表之一送给国际友人。我国的民族广播乐团在国外演出时,《渔舟唱晚》经常作为重要乐曲演出,并获得国际友人很高的评价。
播放音乐《雨花石》并请学生生观看一些有关石头的图片教师有感情的范唱。教唱歌谱。在教唱歌谱中注意难点的解决,分别出示以小石头造型的节奏卡片,复习四分音符、八分音符及四分休止符。还有新学的音符,十六分休止符。学生根据直观判断时植的长短,并口读,练习。有感情的读歌词听琴声轻声哼唱歌曲。其中请学生体会与比较:运用休止符的地方你有什么样的感受?如果不用会怎样。唱一唱,比一比,说一说。请学生有感情的演唱,教师及时给予鼓励。教师总结石头可贵的精神。石头虽小,却有很多的作用等我们去发现。法国著名艺术家罗丹曾说过:“对于我们的眼睛,不是缺少美,而是缺少发现。”我想,通过这样的教学设计,让学生在音乐中认识美,在生活中寻找美,在未来里创造美,让美融入每一个孩子以上设计肯定还有一些不足之处,敬请各位老师提出宝贵意见。