
Taiping nijiaojiao is made of the mudfrom the local mountain. It takes more than ten steps to make the clay toy, andthe key step is to knead (捏) it with your hands. You can knead the clay toyinto anything, like animals and plants. The blowhole is the most difficult partto make, for the size of the blowhole makes a difference to the sound. Whilecoloring, you can use traditional cultural elements (元素) thatcarry good meanings. It’s hard to make taipingnijiaojiao. But when you finally make it, you will feel proud of yourself.

When itcomes to a meaningful life, we might think of love, happiness and health. Alife filled with meaning is what most of us want for ourselves. Then, whatmakes a meaningful life?Manyresearchers agree that a meaningful life comes down to three factors (因素): havinglong-term goals, believing that one’s life matters, and feeling that one’s lifefits together and “makes sense”.But we believe there is more to consider. Sometimeslife enables us to experience small moments of beauty. When people are open toappreciating (欣赏) suchexperiences, these moments may improve how they see their own life. We callthis experiential appreciation (EA).

环滁皆山也。其西南诸峰,林壑尤美,望之蔚然而深秀者,琅琊也。山行六七里,渐闻水声潺潺,而泻出于两峰之间者,酿泉也。峰回路转,有亭翼然临于泉上者,醉翁亭也。作亭者谁?山之僧智仙也,名之者谁?太守自谓也。太守与客来饮于此,饮少辄醉,而年又最高,故自号曰醉翁也,醉翁之意不在酒,在乎山水之间也,山水之乐,得之心而寓之酒也。

王某曰:古之学者,虽问以口而其传以心虽听以耳而其受以意。故为师者不烦,而学者有得也。孔子曰:“不愤不启,不悱①不发,举一隅②不以三隅反,则不复也。”夫孔子岂敢爱其道,骜③天下之学者,而不使其蚤④有知乎!以谓其问之不切,则其听之不专;其思之不深,则其取之不固。不专不固,而可以入者,口耳而已矣。吾所以教者,非将善其口耳也。

13. 渡荆门送别李白渡远荆门外,来从楚国游。山随平野尽,江入大荒流。月下飞天镜,云生结海楼。仍怜故乡水,万里送行舟。

Fiveyears ago, Jennifer, a girl from Australia, came to Xiangtan University tostudy Chinese. There she fell in love with Chinese culture and met her husband,who is a local (当地的) young man. They got married after she finishedher study. Since then, she has started her new life in Xiangtan City.

Parentsand children often face the challenges of money. Common topics include settingpocket money, learning to save, and deciding to buy expensive things. The goalof most parents is to teach their kids how to deal with money wisely. The goalof most kids is getting money to spend. How can families achieve these goals?

The boy named Li Banghua is from Hefei. AnhuiProvince. He made the plane completely by himself. The plane is 0.6 meterswide, has a wingspan (翼展) of 4.4 meters and weighs about 40 kilograms.According to a local report, Li just finished his high-school entrance exam ayear ago and got good grades.

___14___, I think an interest in Englishis very important. When I was in Grade Three, we had a new ___15___ — English,it was new for me. I was interested in it. I worked hard at it. Soon we had anEnglish exam and I got a very good mark. How ___16___ I was! After that,I learned English harder. Our English teacher often teaches us English songs,and ___17___ sound nice. I often think how interesting English is!

Bike-to-Work Day is held every year across NorthAmerica on the third Friday of May. It was started by the League ofAmerican Bicyclists in 1956. Its aim is to promote (促进) the bicycle as a seriouschoice of getting to and from work. In today’s world where global warming is aserious issue, the bicycle is a perfect way of reducing our carbon (碳) footprint.

FIFA World Cup is one of the biggest sportsevents in the world. It ___11___ every 4 years. The first World Cup wasin 1930. It has a history of over 90 years. During the World Cup, ___12___fans watch the games and cheer for their favorite teams or players. We haveknown some famous football players from the football competitions, such asBeckham, Messi, and Figo. They have excited football fans for many years.

“We thankall the Chinese people for their support and encouragement. Our thanks also goto our workmates who took part in the mission (任务) and worked with us allthe time,” Zhai said to the reporter after he landed on the ground. “It is thepower and strength of our country that built the high-flying space station. Iam proud of our great motherland.”

A passenger told an air hostess(空姐)thathe needed a cup of water to take his medicine when the plane just took off. Shetold him that she would bring him the ___11___ in ten minutes.

In ourdaily lives, we are often given some boring or tiring tasks. What’s in yourmind when your mom tells you to clean the floor? Have you ever wanted tocomplain(抱怨)? I think most people have.

Chinese taikonauts Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping andYe Guangfu carried out the Shenzhou-13 spaceflight mission (任务) that started on Oct. 15,2021. This mission lasts 6 months, which was also a national record. Zhai isthe commander (指令长)who performed China’s first spacewalk in the Shenzhou-7 mission in 2008.

(二)(4分)阅读下面诗歌,完成下面小题。瀑布联句李忱千岩万壑不辞劳,远看方知出处高。溪涧焉能留得住,终归大海作波涛。14. 首句运用了什么手法?有什么表达效果?15. 请简要分析最后两句寄寓了作者怎样的情怀?

阅读下面一首唐诗,完成下面小题。送李侍御赴安西①高适行子对飞蓬,金鞭指铁骢②。功名万里外,心事一杯中。虏障③燕支④北,秦城太白东⑤。离魂莫惆怅,看取宝刀雄!【注】①安西;即安西都护府,治所在今新疆库车县。②骢(cōng):毛色青白相间的马。③虏障:类似碉堡的防御工事。④燕支:山名,在今甘肃。⑤太白东:指秦岭太白峰以东的长安。

孔子认为教育是“兴于诗”“立于礼”“成于乐”,其中就包含着对美育的重视。今天,我们用“中国梦”来激励人心,一定意义上说就是全民族的“兴于诗”;加强制度建设、强调制度自信,一定意义上说也就是新时代的“立于礼”;“成于乐”的“乐”不仅是音乐之“乐”,快乐之“乐”,而且是在道德的普遍高尚,活力的竞相迸发,精神的昂扬向上,人民对美好生活的追求中不断实现的“天下尽欢颜”之“乐”。从古至今,先贤们对于美育的思考从未止步,这些思想结晶在今天仍具有现实意义,社会主义文化大发展大繁荣来自民间、来自大变革的时代,我们正在大踏步迈向现代化,尤其需要加强美育。

早在隋末唐初,金沙江上建成的塔城铁桥,连通了云南与西藏之间的茶马古道。可惜,这座被称为“万里长江上最早的桥梁”现仅存遗址。而长江现存最古老的铁链桥,是位于丽江至永胜间的金龙桥。在《徐霞客游记》中,寻甸的七星桥、安宁的永安桥、宾川的南薰桥等都被着力描写或赞誉过。这些古桥,有的至今仍在使用,有的则只留在记载中了。

北山愚公者,年且九十,面山而居。惩山北之塞,出入之迂也,聚室而谋曰:“吾与汝毕力平险,指通豫南,达于汉阴,可乎?”杂然相许。其妻献疑曰:“以君之力,曾不能损魁父之丘,如太行、王屋何?且焉置土石?”杂曰:“投诸渤海之尾,隐土之北。”遂率子孙荷担者三夫,叩石垦壤,箕畚运于渤海之尾。邻人京城氏之孀妻有遗男,始龀,跳往助之。寒暑易节,始一反焉。
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