材料 传说神农氏尝百草,首开中医发展先河.甲骨文记载的疾病有数十种,西周时开始分科治病,后期的中医学发展见表: 时期医学家主要成就文化发展阶段先秦扁鹊用针刺、按摩、汤药治疗,采用望、闻、问、切诊断疾病.勃兴秦汉张仲景著作《伤寒杂病论》,阐述中医理论和治病原则.发展、昌盛隋唐孙思邈人称“药王”,著作《千金方》,在医药学史上占有重要地位. 辉煌 明清李时珍著作《本草纲目》广为流传,成为世界医药学的重要文献总结
材料一:19世纪中期到20世纪初,英、法等西方列强先后发动了一系列侵略战争,强迫清政府签订了一系列不平等条约,中国逐渐沦为半殖民地半封建社会。材料二:经历了从“师夷长技以制夷”到变法维新的探索,人们发现温和的改良无法从根本上改变旧制度。于是,人们举起义旗,发动革命,推翻旧王朝,建立了共和国,接着,高举民主、科学大旗,吹响了思想解放的号角。(1)材料一中,使中国开始和完全沦为半殖民地半封建社会的两大不平等条约分别是什么?(2)材料二中,“师夷长技以制夷”指的是什么历史事件?在该历史事件中“师夷长技”的根本目的是什么?
材料一 有学者指出,苏联模式具有双重收应。苏联模式对于于苏联迅速实现工业化和国防现代化是有效的,但在使国民经济结构保持平衡、国民经济整体持续增长方面却显得乏力……材料二: 1928~1940年,苏联国防工业总产值增加了1.8倍,年增长率高达39%,1938年与1930年相比,步、机枪的产量增长了8倍,火炮产量增加了12倍。坦克1930年有170辆,两年后增加到3000辆;到1937年底,苏军拥有各类坦克1.5万辆。1936年苏军拥有飞机6672架,是1928年的4倍。——以上材料均摘编自刘宗绪主编《历史学科专题讲座》材料三:在反法西斯战争中,苏军的技术装备全部更新。苏制重型HC-2坦克超过德国“虎式”坦克的威力。火箭炮(“喀秋莎”)、强击机等新型武器都有极大的发展。1949年,苏联成功爆炸了第一颗原子弹。之后,美、苏两国核军备竞赛进一步升级。到70年代初,美、苏战略核力量大体形成均势。——摘编自《20世纪的战争与和平》教师教学用书(1)据材料一,指出苏联国防现代化迅速实现的原因。(2分)
公元前8世纪,罗马城逐步建立起来。公元前509年,罗马建立了共和国。之后,逐步征服了意大利半岛。公元前49年,凯撒夺取政权。公元前27年,屋大维开始独揽国家大权,罗马共和国被罗马帝国取代。到了2世纪,罗马帝国成为地跨欧亚非三大洲的帝国。1世纪,基督教产生于巴勒斯坦一带。在西欧长期动乱的过程中,基督教会乘机扩大势力和影响,教皇和教会不仅是西欧最大的土地所有者,还是西欧封建制度的精神支柱。3世纪起,罗马帝国爆发了全面危机。395年,罗马帝国分裂为东、西两部分。476年,西罗马帝国被日耳曼人灭亡,西欧开始进入封建社会。6世纪,东罗马帝国四处征伐,帝国日益衰落。1453年,君士坦丁堡被土军攻陷,东罗马帝国灭亡。 ——摘编自人教版《世界历史?9年级上册》
青年应该勇于放飞梦想,追逐梦想。周总理的“为中华之崛起而读书”和马丁·路德·金的“我有一个梦想”等启示我们:年轻人绝不能缺少梦想。梦想是什么?就是有目标。我一直相信,目标比努力更重要。有个故事是这么说的:有个人好不容易揽到了一个工程,他便加班加点、认认真真的施工。完工后,不但没赚到钱,还挨了一顿揍。什么原因?人家让他挖一口井,他把图纸看倒了,盖了个烟囱。“磨刀不误砍柴工。”没有明确目标、找不准方向,就急于出发、急于求成,最终的结果很有可能就是南辕北辙,无功而返。我们伟大的中国梦也是有具体目标的,作为青年一代的我们,是实现目标的生力军,所以我们应该追梦,但更要正确的追梦。
YangHongwei, 56, was born into a kite-making family in Weifang. When she was young,she often saw kites with bright colors and different shapes in hergrandfather’s workshop.
In the large yard stood thirteen trees ofdifferent sizes. One day, while Joey was playing with his sister under thetrees, he noticed that a tree trunk (树干) had a sad look. He raninto the house to tell his mom about it. She told Joey to find the reason whyit was sad.
As a boy, Kevin visited national parks and helearned the Earth is in ___12___ condition. He felt worried, and hewanted to ___13___ the Earth. In 2009, he went to swim in water nearNorth Pole(北极)todraw people’s attention to the melting glaciers(融化的冰川).
Long ago, a poor old couple lived on the coast.One day, an old storyteller came to their village. The old couple gave him ameal. In return, he gave them a coffee mill (磨粉机)and said, “Say, ‘Mill, please grind (磨粉)’,”
In the large yard stood thirteen trees ofdifferent sizes. One day, while Joey was playing with his sister under thetrees, he noticed that a tree trunk (树干) had a sad look. He raninto the house to tell his mom about it. She told Joey to find the reason whyit was sad.
The app — called Sit With Us — is ___15___. If a student is having lunch in the afternoon,he or she can create an invitation. Other students can open the app and ___16___ that invitation. They can then use the app todecide when and where to ___17___.
At the age of nine, Kelly dreamed of being abasketball player. But one day when she was playing basketball, she hurt herleft leg ____16____.
Antarctica lies in the most southern part of theworld. It is the coldest area on Earth. There isn’t much rain, but there is alot of snow and wind. The lowest temperature was on 21 July in 1983 at -89.2℃!
During 1907-1909, British explorer EarnestShackleton explored Antarctica on foot. In 1911, two explorers—a British mannamed Scott and a Norwegian named Amundsen—raced 1, 400 kilometres to the SouthPole (南极).Amundsen arrived first.
Taiping nijiaojiao is made of the mudfrom the local mountain. It takes more than ten steps to make the clay toy, andthe key step is to knead (捏) it with your hands. You can knead the clay toyinto anything, like animals and plants. The blowhole is the most difficult partto make, for the size of the blowhole makes a difference to the sound. Whilecoloring, you can use traditional cultural elements (元素) thatcarry good meanings. It’s hard to make taipingnijiaojiao. But when you finally make it, you will feel proud of yourself.
“Red Trip” in TonghuaTonghua is a good choice to have a “red trip”. It is aplace full of “red stories”. The well-known national hero Yang Jingyu oncefought here. Experience the “red spirit”!
I joineda band (乐队)as a drummer in my middle school. I thought itwould be fun playing the drum and meeting new friends. At first it was easy,but a month later, it got difficult. I was the only one who couldn’t keep pace (节奏)with the other players. Our teacher,Angie, singled me out to keep practicing while everyone else got to relax. Ifelt ashamed (羞愧的)as my teammates watched me fail so many times.Finally I got so tired of practicing that I didn’t care about doing it right.
When itcomes to a meaningful life, we might think of love, happiness and health. Alife filled with meaning is what most of us want for ourselves. Then, whatmakes a meaningful life?Manyresearchers agree that a meaningful life comes down to three factors (因素): havinglong-term goals, believing that one’s life matters, and feeling that one’s lifefits together and “makes sense”.But we believe there is more to consider. Sometimeslife enables us to experience small moments of beauty. When people are open toappreciating (欣赏) suchexperiences, these moments may improve how they see their own life. We callthis experiential appreciation (EA).
In the late autumn, John was badly ill andbecame bedridden (长期卧床的).After the doctor visited John several times, he told Sue, “His condition isquite ___22___.John seems to have lost all will to live. If he doesn’t want to live, medicineswill not help him.”
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